Bordoniana Sakakibara, 1999

McKamey, Stuart H. & Wallner, Adam M., 2022, The immatures of the New World treehopper tribes Acutalini Fowler and Micrutalini Haupt (Hemiptera, Membracidae, Smiliinae), ZooKeys 1136, pp. 187-208 : 187

Bordoniana Sakakibara

Figs 8-12 , 13-17

Nymph diagnosis.

Body densely setose; abdominal tergum IX distinctly shorter than length of remaining abdominal segments combined; abdominal terga IV-VIII sometimes with large scoli ventrolaterally; head and prothorax sometimes lacking scoli.

Nymph description.

Overall body. Fifth instar length 5.1-6.5 mm. Cross-section subtriangular (except vertically depressed in Bordoniana sp. 2), chalazal dense on thorax and abdomen except scoli, obvious throughout body; chalazal setae long (expect short in Bordoniana sp. 1), scoli parallel (except splayed or divergent away from each other in B. virescens ). Head. Scoli pair absent (except with simple conical scoli in B. virescens ); scoli projection directed anterad in B. virescens ; chalazal bases variable (see Remarks below); compound eye surface with setae; between eyes, enlarged chalazae variable (see Remarks below); scoli length about 2-4 × basal width in B. virescens ; enlarged chalazae present in front of ventral margin of eye and also adjacent to central or dorsal margin of eye (except enlarged chalazae absent in Bordoniana sp. 1.); enlarged chalazae adjacent to central or dorsal margin of eye present (except absent in Bordoniana sp. 1); frons extending over central margin of eye. Prothorax. Premetopidium scoli present (except absent in Bordoniana sp. 1); premetopidium scoli directed dorsoanteriorly; postmetopidium scoli absent; posterior extension of pronotum not surpassing anterior margin of metanotum but does not attain posterior margin (except surpasses posterior margin of metanotum in Bordoniana sp. 1); premetopidial scoli length relative to basal width variable (see Remarks below). Mesothorax. Scoli bearing tuberculate chalazae (except bearing stalked chalazae in B. virescen s); scolar direction variable (see Remarks below); forewing pad anterior costal margin sinuate (except straight in B. virescens ); forewing pad chalazae short and dense, continuously covered (except densely covered in long setae in Bordoniana sp. 1); scoli length about 2-4 × basal width (except scoli about as tall as basal width in Bordoniana sp. 1); anterior basal side of scoli lacking cluster of enlarged chalazae (except present in B. virescens ); forewing pad costal chalazae present along entire costal margin (except present only at base of costal margin B. virescens ); lateral rows, if present, with most medial row extending onto meso- and metathorax (except not extending onto thorax in B. virescens ). Metathorax. Scoli bearing tuberculate chalazae (except bearing stalked chalazae in B. virescens ); scoli directed dorsally or almost so (except directed posteriorly in Bordoniana sp. 1); scoli length about 2-4 × basal width (except scoli about as tall as basal width in Bordoniana sp. 1). Legs. Tibia with chalazae present on both lateral margins and dorsal surface; prothoracic tibia form subcylindrical (except foliaceus in Bordoniana sp. 1). Abdomen. Terga III-VIII ventrolateral margins variable (see Remarks below); terga III-VIII dorsal scoli subequal in length relative sizes to each other subequal (except scoli size decreasing posteriorly in B. virescens ); terga III-VIII tallest dorsal scoli length about 2-4 × basal width; tergum IV dorsal scoli directed preapically variable (see Remarks below); tergum IV dorsal scoli directed apically dorsoposteriorly (except posteriorly in Bordoniana sp. 1); terga III-VIII lateral rows bearing 2 rows enlarged chalazae (except not manifested in B. virescens ); lamellae absent (except present with lateral margins converging, apex pointed in Bordoniana sp. 2); lamellae (if lamella present) bearing chalazae marginally and dorsally; scoli bearing tuberculate chalazae (except bearing stalked chalazae in B. virescens ). Segment IX: dorsal length subequal to combined length of segments V-VIII (except subequal to combined lengths of segments VI-VIII in Bordoniana sp. 1); preapically with dorsal surface irregularly covered in chalazae.

Material examined.

Bordoniana v irescens Sakakibara, 1 adult, 1 nymph, Peru : Acobamba , July 1940, W.D. Funkhouser Collection (USNM); Bordoniana sp. 1, 1 adult, 1 nymph, Ecuador : Azuay, Baños, 2600 m alt., 23 May 1986, S.H. McKamey leg., lot# 05-23-23, 05-23-24 (USNM); Bordoniana sp. 2, 1 adult, 1 nymph, ECUADOR: Prov. Cañar. Ducur, via Cuenca-Guayaquil, 25-V-1986, ca 2520 m alt., S.H.McKamey leg., lot#86-0525-9, 86-0525-10 (USNM) .

Remarks.

Substantial morphological variation was found among the nymphs of the Bordoniana species examined. Specifically, the head and pronotum may have or lack scoli on the head and pronotum, and one species of undescribed Bordoniana has large scoli venrolaterally on segments IV-VIII (Fig. 14 ); this is unique in Smiliinae and rare among other membracid nymphs (e.g., present in Heteronotus Laporte [figured in Deitz and Wallace 2010]).

We also discovered differences among the three species of Bordoniana . Head: chalazal bases tuberculate in Bordoniana sp. 1, short-stalked in Bordoniana sp. 2, and long-stalked in B. virescens ; enlarged chalazae between eyes absent in B. virescens , present as a single pair in Bordoniana sp. 2, and present as pair of vertical rows in Bordoniana sp. 1. Prothorax: premetopidial scoli length relative to basal width about subequal to their basal widths in Bordoniana sp. 2, about 2-4 × their basal widths in B. virescens , and scoli absent in Bordoniana sp. 1. Mesothorax: scoli directed dorsoanteriorly in B. virescens , dorsally or almost so in Bordoniana sp. 2, and directed posteriorly in Bordoniana sp. 1. Abdomen: terga III-VIII ventrolateral margins each with a single enlarged chalazae in B. virescens , with acuminate lateral extensions in Bordoniana sp. 2 (Fig. 14 ), and with a row of four or more enlarged chalazae in Bordoniana sp. 1; tergum IV scoli directed preapically dorsally or almost so in B. virescens , dorsoposteriorly in Bordoniana sp. 2, and posteriorly but not appressed in Bordoniana sp. 1. The most striking difference, described above, is that Bordoniana sp. 2 bears ventrolateral scoli, identical in placement but different in form to certain Centrotinae , Heteronotinae , Stegaspidinae , and Procyrta Stål ( Darninae ) (SHM pers. observ.). No other smiliine nymphs have ventrolateral scoli.

Figures

Figures 8 - 12. Bordoniana 8, 9 B. virescens Sakakibara in lateral view, habitus and detail of head and portion of thorax, respectively 10 - 12 Bordoniana sp. 1 in anterior, dorsal, and lateral views, respectively.

Figures 13 - 17. Bordoniana sp. 2 13 - 17 nymph in lateral, dorsal, and anterior views, respectively 16 detail of head and portion of prothorax, lateral view 17 detail of abdominal segment IX (last visible segment), dorsal view.