Incrustatus comauensis, Van Ofwegen, L. P., Häussermann, V. & Försterra, G., 2006
|
publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.5281/zenodo.172500 |
|
DOI |
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6263609 |
|
persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/AD2387BD-FFF1-631B-243F-FF2EFBCE4CA2 |
|
treatment provided by |
Plazi |
|
scientific name |
Incrustatus comauensis |
| status |
sp. nov. |
Incrustatus comauensis View in CoL n. sp.
( Figs. 1–5 View FIGURE 1 View FIGURE 2 View FIGURE 3 View FIGURE 4 View FIGURE 5 )
Holotype: RMNH Coel. 33864, colony on Crepidula , Chile, Comau Fjord, steep wall north of Punta Llonco, 42º19.894’ S, 72º27.661’ W ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 b: 5), depth 8.5 m, coll. VH & GF, 25 December 2004.
Paratypes: MZUCUCCC 31589, colony on gorgonian, Chile, Isla Laitec (SW of Chiloé Island), Piedra Lile, 43°10’ S, 73°37’ W ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 a: S3), depth 13–20 m, coll. VH, 4 March 2005; MZUCUCCC 31590, colony on Crepidula , Chile, Comau Fjord, steep wall north of Punta Llonco, 42º19.894’ S, 72º27.661’ W ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 b: 5), depth 3 m, coll. VH & GF, 25 December 2004; MZUCUCCC 31591, unattached fragments, Chile, Comau Fjord, western shore of Isla Lilihuapi, 42°09.722’ S, 72°35.915’ W ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 b: 12), steep wall, depth 5 m, coll. GF, 12 January 2005; MZUCUCCC 31592, colony on Crepidula , Chile, western shore of Comau Fjord opposite of Huinay Station, 42º23.276’ S, 72º27.657’ W ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 b: 3), depth 20 m, coll. VH & GF, 20 December 2004; MZUCUCCC 31593, unattached fragments, Chile, Bernardo Area, Canal Caldcleugh N, 48°24’46.4’’ S, 74°18’23.6’’ W ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 c: C3), depth 6 m, coll. VH & GF, 29 March 2005; MZUCUCCC 31594, colonies on polychaete tubes, Chile, Comau Fjord, steep wall north of Punta Llonco, 42º19.894’ S, 72º27.661’ W ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 b: 5), depth 5.7 m, coll. VH & GF, 25 December 2004; MZUCUCCC 31595, fragment, Chile, Comau Fjord, steep wall behind Punta Huinay, 42º21.843’ S, 72º26.297’ W ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 b: 13), depth 15 m, coll. VH & GF, 4 May 2005; RMNH Coel. 33865, colony on mytilid shell, Chile, Comau Fjord, Punta Huinay, 42º22.483’ S, 72º25.693’ W ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 b: 7), depth 7.5 m, coll. VH & GF, 25 December 2004; RMNH Coel. 33866, colony on polychaete tubes, Chile, Muelle (dock) Melinka (Guaitecas Islands), 43°53’ S, 73°45’ W ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 a: S4), depth 20 m, coll. VH & GF, 6 March 2005; RMNH Coel. 33867, colony on polychaete tubes, one microscope slide, Chile, western shore of Comau Fjord opposite of Huinay Station, 42º23.276’ S, 72º27.657’ W ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 b: 3), depth 14 m, coll. VH & GF, 21 December 2004; RMNH Coel. 33868, colony on gorgonian axis, two microscope slides, Chile, Bernardo Fjord, Isla Caldcleugh S, 48°26’45’’ S, 74°09’41’’ W ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 c: B2), depth 15 m, coll. VH & GF, 28 March 2005; RMNH Coel. 33869, colony on Crepidula , depth 13 m, and one on gorgonian axis, depth 15 m, one microscope slide, Chile, Seno de Reloncaví, Lenca, Punta Chaica, 41°38.303’ S, 72°40.116’ W ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 a: S2), coll. VH & GF, 24 January 2000; RMNH Coel. 33870, several colonies on rock fragments, together with another clavulariid, Chile, western shore of Comau Fjord opposite of Huinay Station, 42º23.276’ S, 72º27.657’ W ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 b: 3), depth 18 m, coll. VH & GF, 21 December 2004; RMNH Coel. 33871, colony on gorgonian axis, Chile, Bernardo Area, Estero Farquhar, 48°29’18.7’’ S, 74°12’25.7’’ W ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 c: B3), depth 14 m, coll. VH & GF, 29 March 2005; RMNH Coel. 33872, colony on Crepidula , Chile, Comau Fjord, wall north of Punta Llonco, 42º19.894’ S, 72º27.661’ W ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 b: 5), depth 14.5 m, coll. VH & GF, 25 December 2004; RMNH Coel. 33873, unattached fragments, Chile, Dichato, on rocky ledge north of Pingueral, Bahía de Coliumo, 36°31’ S, 72°56’ W ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 a: S1), depth 10 m, coll. VH, 13 December 2005; USNM 1084290, colony on gorgonian, together with another clavulariid, Chile, entrance Quintupeu Fjord, 42º28.215’ S, 72º28.214’ W ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 b: 10), depth 15–25 m, coll. M. Schrödl, 25 February 2005; USNM 1084291, colony on Crepidula , Chile, western shore of Comau Fjord opposite of Huinay Station, 42º23.276’ S, 72º27.657’ W ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 b: 3), depth 20 m, coll. VH & GF, 20 December 2004; USNM 1084292, colony on polychaete tube, Chile, Comau Fjord, wall north of Punta Llonco, 42º19.894’ S, 72º27.661’ W ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 b: 5), coll. VH & GF, depth 12.7 m, 25 December 2004; USNM 1084293, unattached fragments, Chile, Comau Fjord, western shore of Isla Lilihuapi, 42°09.722’ S, 72°35.915’ W ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 b: 12), steep wall, depth 5 m, coll. GF, 12 January 2005; USNM 1084294, unattached fragments, Chile, Comau Fjord, western shore of Isla Lilihuapi, 42°09.722’ S, 72°35.915’ W ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 b: 12), steep wall, depth 5 m, coll. GF, 12 January 2005; USNM 1084295, colony on polychaete tubes, Chile, Comau Fjord, steep wall behind Punta Huinay, 42º21.843’ S, 72º26.297’ W ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 b: 13), depth 28 m, coll. VH & GF, 4 May 2005; USNM 1084296, colony on polychaete tube on scleractinian Desmophyllum dianthus , Chile, Guaitecas Islands, Melinka, Canal Betecoi, 43°56’ S, 73°52’ W ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 a: S4), depth 25 m, coll. VH & GF, 8 March 2005; ZSM 20060119, colony on mytilid, Chile, Bernardo Fjord, 12 km, S shore, 48°29’37.4’’ S, 74°05’2’’ W ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 c: B1), depth 8 m, coll. VH & GF, 27 March 2005; ZSM 20060120, several colonies on polychaete tubes, Chile, Guaitecas Islands, Melinka, Canal Betecoi, 43°56’ S, 73°52’ W ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 a: S4), depth 20–30 m, coll. VH & GF, 8 March 2005; ZSM 20060121, unattached colony, Chile, Comau Fjord, Isla Lilihuapi West, 42°09.722’ S, 72°35.915’ W ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 b: 12), steep wall, depth 5 m, coll. GF, 12 January 2005; ZSM 20060122, colony on Crepidula , Chile, Comau Fjord, Isla Lilihuapi West, 42°09.722’ S, 72°35.915’ W ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 b: 12), steep wall, depth 0.6 m, coll. GF, 12 January 2005; ZSM 20060123, colony on wood, Chile, Comau Fjord, steep wall behind Punta Huinay, 42º21.843’ S, 72º26.297’ W ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 b: 13), depth 12 m, coll. VH & GF, 4 May 2005; ZSM 20060124, colony on gorgonian, Chile, Bernardo Fjord, Boca Bernardo S (Canal Farquhar), 48°34’40’’ S, 74°20’18’’ W ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 c: B4), depth 20 m, coll. VH & GF, 30 March 2005; ZSM 20060125, colony on gorgonian axis, Chile, Cailín Island (SW of Chiloé Island), 43°09’ S, 73°35’ W ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 a: S3), depth 13 m, coll. VH & GF, 26 December 1999; ZSM 20060126, colony on Crepidula , Chile, Seno Reloncaví, Lenca, Punta Chaica, 41°38.303’ S, 72°40.116’ W ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 a: S2), coll. VH & GF, 14 January 1998; ZSM 20060127, colony on gorgonian axis, Chile, Bahía of Coliumo, Pingueral, 36°31’ S, 72°56’ W ( Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 a: S1), depth 5 m, coll. VH & GF, 6 November 1997; ZSM 20060128, unattached fragments, Chile, Comau Fjord, depth 15–20 m, coll. VH & GF, 2003.
Description
The holotype consists of an encrusting colony partly covering a Crepidula shell ( Figs. 1 View FIGURE 1 a, 2a). The calyces are conical, up to about 1 mm high; a few are hardly projecting above the colony surface. All polyps are retracted.
Sclerites of encrusting part and calyces are similar in shape; eightradiates and derivatives of these. The smallest are about 0.06 mm long, with complex tubercles ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 a). Larger radiates have bigger complex tubercles ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 b–c), and the largest, which are up to 0.12 mm long, become oval bodies with complex tubercles ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 d). A few of the sclerites have the sculpture of the outer surface rounded and smoother than that of the inner surface ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 e). Quite a few polyps have a few small spindles, up to 0.12 mm long, with simple tubercles ( Fig. 3 View FIGURE 3 f). These spindles are irregularly arranged in the polyps and several polyps even seem to lack them completely.
Colour. Preserved colony completely white, sclerites colorless. Alive, the colony was pinkish with white polyps ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 a).
Etymology
The species is named after the Comau Fjord, the type locality.
Habitat, distribution and abundance
The species can be found from shallow water down to at least 30 m along the exposed coast south of Dichato (approx. 37°S). Within the fjord region it inhabits the channels as well as the inner fjords where it was even sampled in shallow water habitats that are strongly influenced by a low salinity layer (see material and Fig. 5 View FIGURE 5 ). It is very abundant in the mouth of the Comaufjord and around Chiloe Island between 3 and 15 m where it can cover important proportions of rock and secondary hard susbstratum. In the region south of the Peninsula Taitao it was only found in the Bernardo fjord area, but not in the Tempano (Iceberg) Fjord that is strongly influenced by glacial sediment. Incrustatus comauensis represents one more species with a continuous distribution crossing the traditionally assumed zoogeographical limit between the Peruvian and Magellanic Provinces at approximately 42°S ( Brattström & Johanssen, 1983; Häussermann & Försterra, 2005).
Variability
When alive, the color of the colonies can vary to some degree. They can be pinkish ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 a, f–h), completely white ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 d), faintly orange ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 c), or whitish with pink calyces ( Fig. 2 View FIGURE 2 e). The polyps always seem to be white.
Some colonies clearly form stolons ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 b, 2c–d), others cover the substrate completely ( Fig. 1 View FIGURE 1 a, c, 2a–b, e–h). Several types of substrate were found: Crepidula and mytilid shells, polychaete tubes, the axis of gorgonians ( Primnoella sp.), or the colonies were simply overgrowing rocks.
The length of the calyces also varies to some extent, from hardly protruding above the coenenchyme to several mm long.
Finally, the sclerites do vary somewhat; for comparison the sclerites of specimens growing on a mytilid shell ( Fig. 4 View FIGURE 4 a–c) and polychaete tubes ( Fig. 4 View FIGURE 4 e–g) are also presented. Notably, the specimens growing on gorgonian axes or polychaete tubes have more sclerites with sculpture of the outer surface rounded and smoother than that of the inner surface ( Fig. 4 View FIGURE 4 g). Several specimens have hardly any polyp spindles.
Remarks
In the family Clavulariidae , Incrustatus comauensis most closely resembles Cryptophyton goddardi Williams, 2000 . But it differs in having sclerites in the form of radiates and derivatives of these; especially, the sclerites with rounded sculpture on the outer surface, smoother than that of inner surface, are completely absent in C. goddardi . This latter sclerite type is found in species of Paratelesto Utinomi, 1958 , and Telesto Lamouroux, 1812 , but these taxa have arborescent colony shapes.
No known copyright restrictions apply. See Agosti, D., Egloff, W., 2009. Taxonomic information exchange and copyright: the Plazi approach. BMC Research Notes 2009, 2:53 for further explanation.