Thraumata petrovna (Schaus, 1904) Schaus, 1904

Goldstein, Paul Z. & Zilli, Alberto, 2019, Thraumata, a new genus from South America with description of a new species from Peru (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), ZooKeys 867, pp. 139-160 : 139

Thraumata petrovna (Schaus, 1904) comb. nov. Figs 3 , 4 , 12 , 13 (habitus); Fig. 17 (wing venation); Figs 18-20 (male genitalia); Fig. 25 (male abdomen); Fig. 29 (female genitalia)

Leptina ? petrovna Schaus, 1904: 152. Type locality: Brazil [Rio de Janeiro], Petropolis. Figure: Hampson (1908: 597, pl. 121, fig. 23).

Material examined.

Type material. BRAZIL: Holotype ♀ (USNM). Collection Wm Schaus, Castro, Parana, Type No. 10600, Leptina petrovna Type. Schs, USNMENT00973124.

Other material examined.

BRAZIL (34♂, 39♀): Paraná (7♂, 7♀): Males: Banhado, Quatro Barras, Paraná, BRASIL - 800 m, 22.V.1971, Becker & Laroca, USNMENT01440489; Banhado, Quatro Barras, Paraná, BRASIL - 800 m 22.V.1971, Becker & Laroca; Phuphena petrovna (Schs, 1904), USNMENT01440447; Banhado, Quatro Barras, Paraná, BRASIL - 800 m, 27.II.1971, Becker & Laroca; Phuphena petrovna (Schs, 1904), USNMENT01440439; Castro. Parana.; petrovna Schs; Collection Wm Schaus, USNMENT01440466; Castro [ex coll. E.D. Jones] [NHMUK]; Castro, May 97 (E.D. Jones) [ex coll. Rothschild] [NHMUK]; Castro [ex coll. Joicey] [NHMUK]. Females: 2♀ Castro [ex coll. E.D. Jones] [NHMUK]; Castro, Febr. 97 (E.D. Jones) [ex coll. Rothschild] [NHMUK]; Castro, May 97 (E.D. Jones) [ex coll. Rothschild] [NHMUK]; Castro (E. D. Jones) [ex coll. Joicey] [NHMUK]; Castro. Parana.; Leptina [?] petrovna Schs Schs 99, USNMENT01440329; Becker Coll. No. 4573, Morumbi, Morrestes Paranà BRASIL 18.VII.1970 Becker & Laroca; Phuphena petrovna (Schs. 1904), USNMENT01440394. Minas Gerais (5♂, 3♀) Males: Campo bello Rio Zikan, USNM Dissection 148134, USNMENT01440385, BOLD Process ID LNAUW3136-17; Campo bello Rio Zikan; Noct 324 [illeg.] 15.4-31, USNM ♂ 41,204 SAB, USNMENT01440393; Campo bello Rio Zikan, Noct ♀ [sic] 324 [illeg.] 12.4-31, USNMENT01440370; [Ouro] Preto [ex coll. Joicey] [NHMUK]; Uberaba [ex coll. Le Moult] [NHMUK]. Females: BRASIL: MG 1400 m Serra do Cipõ 17-19.iv.1991, V.O. Becker coll., Becker Coll. No. 77884, USNMENT01440362; BRASIL: MG 1400 m Serra do Cipõ 17-19.iv.1991, V.O. Becker coll., Becker Coll. No. 77884, USNMENT01440368; BRASIL: MG 1400 m Serra do Cipõ 17-19.iv.1991, V.O. Becker coll., Becker Coll. No. 77884, USNMENT01440352. Bahia (1♀): BRASIL: BA Camacã, 400-700 m 21-30.ix.1991, V.O. Becker coll., Becker Coll. No. 83540, USNMENT01440364. Santa Catarina (7♂, 12♀): Males: Rio Vermelho, 830 m, June 1936 (A. Maller) [ex coll. Rothschild] [NHMUK]; Hansa Humboldt, 60 m, July 1936 (A. Maller) [ex coll. Rothschild] [NHMUK]; Brazil, Santa Catarina: Rio Vermelho VII-44 Anton Maller, USNMENT01463998 [AMNH]; Brazil, Sta. Catarina: Nova Teutonia, July 1-5 1951, Plauman, USNMENT01463709 [AMNH]; Brazil, Sta. Catarina: Nova Teutonia Plauman, USNMENT01463996 [AMNH]; The Sperry Collection, 23-7-48, Neuvo Teutonia, Brazil Plaumann coll., USNMENT01463920 [AMNH]; Rio Vermelho St. Cath., Brazil November 1947, dissection 148363, USNMENT01422625 [AMNH]. Females: Nova Bremen, 250 m, July 37 (F. Hoffmann) [ex coll. Rothschild] [NHMUK]; idem, Aug. 37, F. Hoffmann [ex coll. Rothschild] [NHMUK]; Neu Bremen, Rio Laeiss, Nov. 1935 (F.H. Hoffmann) [ex coll. Rothschild] [NHMUK]; idem, April 1936 (F.H. Hoffmann) [ex coll. Rothschild] [NHMUK]; Hansa Humboldt, 60 m, July 1936 (A. Maller) [ex coll. Rothschild] [NHMUK]; Becker Coll. No. 52409, BRASIL: SC, Scara, 300 m, 27.i.1983, V.O. Becker coll., USNM Dissection 148127, USNMENT01440363; Brasilien Nova Teutonia Fritz Plaumann, 27°80.0N Br. 52-53°Westl. L., 13, USNMENT01440353; Brazil, Sta. Catarina: Nova Teutonia July 12-17, 1948, F. Plaumann, USNMENT01463849 [AMNH]; The Sperry Collection, July 4, 1951, Neuvo Teutonia, Brazil Plaumann, coll., USNMENT01463774 [AMNH]; Collection of Grace H. and John L. Sperry Nova Teutonia Brazil, 24.7.48 Plaumann, USNMENT01463737 [AMNH]; Collection of Grace H. and John L. Sperry Brasilien Nova Teutonia, 27.7.1948, 87°11 [illeg.] 52°23, L. Fritz Plaumann, 300 [illeg.], 500 [illeg.], USNMENT01463784 [AMNH]; St Catherines Brazil, F. Johnson Collector, USNMENT01440404. Espírito Santo (1♀): USNMENT01440369 ♀. Rio de Janeiro (10♂, 7♀): Males: Rio (Derg.) [2♂ex coll. Rothschild; 1♂ ex coll. Joicey] [NHMUK]; 2♂ Rio Janeiro [ex coll. Walsingham] [NHMUK]; Rio de Janeiro, Organ Mts, near Tijuca / Leptina petrovna Schaus [ex coll. S. R. Wagner] [NHMUK]; 2♂ Petropolis [ex coll. Rothschild] [NHMUK]; Petropolis (M. Doer) [ex coll. Walsingham] [NHMUK]; Teresopolis, 13-22.iii.1957 [ex coll. Kettlewell] [NHMUK]. Females: Rio (Derg.) [1♀ ex coll. Rothschild; 1♀ ex coll. Joicey] [NHMUK]; Petropolis, 5-7-76 [ex coll. Joicey] [NHMUK]; Teresopolis, c. 2750 ft., 14-18.xii.57 (E. P. Wiltshire) [ex coll. Wiltshire] [NHMUK]; Pico d’Itatiaia, 28. iii– 1.iv.1958 [ex coll. Kettlewell] [NHMUK]; Petropolis, Brazil.; petrovna Schs; Collection Wm Schaus, USNMENT01440482; Petropolis, Brazil.; petrovna Schs; Collection Wm Schaus; USNM Dissection 148128, USNMENT01440346. Distrito Federal (1♂): Becker Coll. No. 40221; Planaltina, DF. BRASIL-1000 m 15.V.1982, V.O. Becker coll. 15°35'S, 47°42'W; Phuphena petrovna (Schs, 1904), USNMENT01440358. Goiás: (1♀) Becker Coll. No. 20293; Formosa, Goiás BRASIL-800 m, 19.III.1977 V.O. Becker col., Phuphena petrovna (Schs. 1904), USNMENT01440386. São Paulo (2♂, 3♀): Males: São Paulo [ex coll. E.D. Jones] [NHMUK]; São Paulo [ex coll. Gerrard] [NHMUK]. Females: São Paulo (D. Jones); São Paulo [ex coll. Rothschild] [NHMUK]; São Paulo [ex coll. Gerrard] [NHMUK]. ARGENTINA (1♂, 3♀): Male: Argentina, Prov. Jujuy Dept. Ledesma 5-7.5 km W of Rt. 34 near entrance Parque Nacional Callilegua 1600 m, 14.II.1991; mesic forest along river, K. Johnson et al, USNMENT01463799 [AMNH]. Females: Argentina, Prov. Jujuy Dept. Capital; Baptist Mission[,] Camp at Rio Lozano, 1600 m, 28.II.1991; riparian woodland with steep forested slopes, K. Johnson et al., USNMENT01463997 [AMNH]; Argentina, Prov. Salta Dept. La Caldera; La Caldera–Jujuy Prov. border, Rt. 9, km 20, km post 1642: "La Cargadera", 1450 m, 12.II.1991, mesic forest, K. Johnson et al., USNMENT01463797 [AMNH]; Argentina, Prov. Salta Dept. La Caldera; La Caldera–Jujuy Prov. border, Rt. 9, km 20, km post 1642: "La Cargadera", 1450 m, 12.II.1991, mesic forest, K. Johnson et al., USNMENT01463840 [AMNH]. BOLIVIA (1♂, 1♀): Rio Songo, 750 m [via coll. Fassl ex coll. Oberthür] [NHMUK]; Rio Songo, 750 m [via coll. Fassl ex coll. Oberthür] [NHMUK]. NO LOCALITY DATA (1♂, 1♀): [no data] [ex coll. E.D. Jones] [NHMUK].

Diagnosis.

This and the following species are readily differentiated from T. subvenata by the gray-brown ground coloration and less prominent white markings throughout the forewing. Thraumata petrovna is, on average, the smallest of the three species, and although its wing pattern closely tracks that of the larger peruviensia , the postmedial tooth of the forewing is shorter, not reaching the wing margin; the vesica is distinctly more sclerotized, bearing a pronounced lateral band and a conspicuous, rugose plate.

Redescription.

Head. Vertex and frontal scaling predominantly white but with a mixture of light gray-brown scales throughout the vertex, frons and palpi; frontal scales elongate. Thorax. Vestiture a mix of white and grayish-brown scales. Wings. Forewing lengths: males 10.8-12.9 mm (N =13, x ¯ = 12.2 mm, M = 12.5 mm); females (including holotype 12.1 mm) 11.0-13.7 mm (N =22, x ¯ = 12.4 mm, M = 12.5 mm). Forewing ground color predominantly gray, with darker chocolate-brown buff in lower basal field, both below and between stigmata, and in toothed fascia of distal field; hindwing pale, brownish-gray towards margin; forewing and hindwing underside with diffuse chocolate-brown scaling, the shading on the hindwing concentrated between veins, fading towards hind margins on both forewing and hindwing; hindwing underside with a single conspicuous median pale streak. Legs. Outwardly pure white; otherwise light brown. Abdomen. Abdominal segments with cream-colored scales distally, darker brown-banded at the anterior end of each segment; brown scaling more uniformly diffuse below. Abdominal brushes lacking. Male genitalia. Tegumen rooflike, a distinct vertex and a pitch>45°. Sacculus bluntly rounded. Phallus heavily sclerotized, swollen and rugose along its outer edge; vesica with two rudimentary subbasal diverticula, and para-basal plate arising from distal end of the phallus. Female genitalia. Posterior apophyses roughly 1.3 × as long as anterior apophyses; papillae anales densely setose.

Immature stages.

Unknown.

Etymology.

Not explained, but evidently in reference to the type locality Petropolis ("City of Peter").

Distribution.

Southeastern Brazil and along the eastern slopes of the Bolivian and Argentinian Andes.

Remarks.

A partial barcode sequence (658bp - 286n = 372bp) was generated from a Brazilian male specimen USNMENT01440385 corresponding to USNM dissection 148134 ( Fig. 18 ), BOLD sample ID USNM_PG_H02. Schaus’ (1904) original placement of petrovna in what is now a synonym of the nolid genus Baileya may simply reflect the quadrifine appearance of its hindwing.

Figures

Figure 17. Wing venation of T. petrovna, male, USNMENT 01440439, wing preparation 148365.

Figures 1 - 9. Dorsal habitus of Thraumata species. 1 T. subvenata Holotype ♂, Guyana, USNMENT 00973242 2 T. subvenata, USNMENT 01440366 ♀, Suriname 3 T. petrovna ♂ USNMENT 01440358, Brazil 4 T. petrovna Holotype ♀ USNMENT 00973124, Costa Rica 5 T. peruviensia Holotype ♂ USNMENT 01440371, Peru 6 T. peruviensia ♀ USNMENT 01440374, Peru 7 - 9 Holotype specimen labels of Thraumata species 7 Phuphena subvenata Schaus 8 Leptina petrovna Schaus 9 Thraumata peruviensia sp. nov.

Figures 10 - 15. Ventral habitus of Thraumata species. 10 T. subvenata Holotype ♂, Peru, NHMUK 010606200 11 T. subvenata, USNMENT 01440366 ♀, Suriname 12 T. petrovna ♂ USNMENT 01440358, Brazil 13 T. petrovna Holotype ♀ USNMENT 00973124, Costa Rica 14 T. peruviensia Holotype ♂ USNMENT 01440371, Peru 15 T. peruviensia ♀ USNMENT 01440374, Peru.

Figures 18 - 22. Thraumata male genitalia. 18 - 20 T. petrovna dissection 148363, USNMENT 01422625, Brazil 18 Apparatus 19, 20 Phallus 21, 22 T. peruviensia, dissection 148129, USNMENT 01440371 21 Apparatus 22 Phallus.

Figures 25, 26. Thraumata male abdomens. 25 T. peruviensia dissection 148134, USNMENT 01440385 26 T. peruviensia dissection 148129, USNMENT 01440371, Brazil.

Figures 28, 29. Thraumata female genitalia. 28 T. peruviensia dissection 148130, USNMENT 01440374 USNM, Brazil 29 T. petrovna dissection 148127, USNMENT 01440363, Peru.