Cryptolarynx carinatus Haran, 2023

Haran, Julien M., Marvaldi, Adriana E., Benoit, Laure, Oberlander, Kenneth, Stals, Riaan & Oberprieler, Rolf G., 2023, Revision of the enigmatic South African Cryptolaryngini (Coleoptera, Curculionidae), with description of a new genus and twenty-two new species, European Journal of Taxonomy 877 (1), pp. 1-89 : 30-34

8. Cryptolarynx carinatus Haran sp. nov.

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:D16B89D2-B0A2-4FA8-951C-04D8EC14AD97

Figs 1H , 2H , 3H , 4H , 5H , 6G–H , 8E

Differential diagnosis

Cryptolarynx carinatus sp. nov. is most similar to C. variabilis sp. nov. but distinguishable from it by the inner carina on the metatibiae, whose proximal edge forms a smaller angle with the tibial axis than in C. variabilis ( Fig. 8E ). The copulatory sclerite of the penis is divided into two blocks in C. carinatus , whereas it forms an entire sclerite in C. variabilis . Genetic distances between these two species were found to range between 10.5% and 17.4% for COI and 3.1% and 3.6% for EF1. They were also not found in sympatry, C. carinatus apparently restricted to the eastern slopes of Table Mountain and C. variabilis only found at several localities on the western slopes of the Hottentots Holland Mountains.

Etymology

The species name carinatus refers to the distinct proximal inner carina of the metatibiae in this species. The specific epithet is an adjective in the masculine form.

Material examined

Holotype REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA • ♂; “ REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA. Western Cape Province, [Cape Town,] Rondebosch Com. [Common] 26.vi.2019. J. Haran leg.” “ S33°57’10, E18°29’5, at base of Oxalis purpurea . JHAR02336_0101 . Cirad-CBGP coll.” “Holotype. Cryptolarynx carinatus . Haran 2023”; SAMC.

Paratypes REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA – Western Cape • 1 ♂, 3 specs (preserved in ethanol); same collection data as for holotype; CBGP • 4 specs; Cape Town, Constantia ; [34.025° S, 18.423° E]; Sep. 1885; “ Cryptolarynx nr. vitis (Marshall) det. R. Oberprieler, 1988”; SAM-COL-A052010 ; SAMC.

Description (♂)

MEASUREMENTS. Body length 2.7–3 mm.

COLOUR AND VESTITURE. Body integument black, scapes and tarsi reddish. Dorsal vestiture (pronotum + elytra) consisting of overlapping, recumbent, parallel-sided clothing scales, 2–3× as long as wide, truncate or rounded at apex; colour of scales varying from greyish to pale brown to black; pale scales concentrated in two longitudinal stripes on pronotum and at base of elytral interstriae 4, white scales forming a pair of spots surrounded by black scales at apical ⅔ of elytra; scales of interstriae recumbent, in lateral view not distinct from rest of vestiture.

HEAD. Forehead as wide as epifrons near antennal insertions, as wide as width of an eye, scales recumbent. Eyes convex, in dorsal view slightly exceeding outline of head, surrounded by a ring of short pale scales, on forehead directed towards occiput; distance between eye and scrobe slightly smaller than width of antennal club. Epifrons with distance between antennal insertions 0.67× length of scape, scales at least 2× as long as wide, recumbent, subcontiguous. Frons with pairs of erect lateral setae. Epsitome without median setae. Antennal funicles with segment 1 elongate; 2 half as long as 1, at most 2 × as long as wide; 3–4 globular, isodiametric, compressed, slightly angular on inside; 5–7 globular, isodiametric; 7 sometimes wider than long.

PRONOTUM. Transverse (W:L ratio 1.4–1.5), widest near midlength, sides arcuate; width of apex 0.67 × width of base.

ELYTRA. Broadly ovate, slightly wider than long (W:L ratio 1.1), sides convex, widest near midlength.

LEGS. Protibiae with outer margin straight, inner margin slightly bisinuate; metatibiae with apical mucro and inner setal fringe, setae shorter than segment 5 of metatarsus; metatibiae proximally with inner carina set off at 45° angle to outer margin. Tarsi with segment 2 wider than long.

ABDOMEN. Ventrite 1 concave medially, impression devoid of scales, with long setae only; ventrites 1–4 with creamy-white or greyish plumose scales, not concealing integument, intermixed with long suberect setae, each apically bifid.

TERMINALIA. Body of penis moderately elongate (W:L ratio 0.4), as long as temones, sides subparallel, converging near apex; curvature in profile weak and regular, dorsoventrally narrowed before apex. Copulatory sclerite serrate, divided into two sections, a long part near body of penis and a second, shorter part near apices of temones. Parameroid lobes separate, divided by moderate median notch, each lobe broad, bearing a series of long setae directed apicad. Spiculum gastrale with basal arms long and regularly curved.

Sexual dimorphism

Female unknown.

Life history

All specimens of C. carinatus sp. nov. were collected at the base of Oxalis purpurea L. plants, in the month of June.

Distribution

The species in only known to occur in the Rondebosch Common and at Constantia in Cape Town ( Fig. 13 ).

Figures

Fig. 1 (Part I) (next page). Habitus of males of species of Cryptolarynx Van Schalkwyk, 1966 (dorsal view). A. C. vitis (Marshall, 1957). B. C. subglaber Haran sp. nov. C. C. squamulatus Haran sp. nov. D. C. muellerae Haran sp. nov. E. C. hirtulus Haran sp. nov. F. C. robustus Haran sp. nov. G. C. namaquanus Haran sp. nov. H. C. carinatus Haran sp. nov. I. C. variabilis Haran sp. nov. J. C. estriatus (Marshall, 1957). K. C. pyrophilus Haran sp. nov. L. C. pilipes Haran sp. nov. Not to scale.

Fig. 2 (Part I) (next page). Male genitalia of species of Cryptolarynx Van Schalkwyk, 1966. Penis in dorsal and lateral view (left), tegmen in dorsal view (middle) and details of apex of a parameroid lobe and spiculum gastrale in dorsal view (right). A. C. vitis (Marshall, 1957). B. C. subglaber Haran sp. nov. C. C. squamulatus Haran sp. nov. D. C. muellerae Haran sp. nov. E. C. hirtulus Haran sp. nov. F. C. robustus Haran sp. nov. G. C. namaquanus Haran sp. nov. H. C. carinatus Haran sp. nov. I. C. variabilis Haran sp. nov. J. C. estriatus (Marshall, 1957). K. C. pyrophilus Haran sp. nov. L. C. pilipes Haran sp. nov. Not to scale.

Fig. 3 (Part I) (next page). Habitus of males of species of Cryptolarynx Van Schalkwyk, 1966 (lateral view). A. C. vitis (Marshall, 1957). B. C. subglaber Haran sp. nov. C. C. squamulatus Haran sp. nov. D. C. muellerae Haran sp. nov. E. C. hirtulus Haran sp. nov. F. C. robustus Haran sp. nov. G. C. namaquanus Haran sp. nov. H. C. carinatus Haran sp. nov. I. C. variabilis Haran sp. nov. J. C. estriatus (Marshall, 1957). K. C. pyrophilus Haran sp. nov. L. C. pilipes Haran sp. nov. Not to scale.

Fig. 4 (Part I) (next page). Head of males of species of Cryptolarynx Van Schalkwyk, 1966. A. C. vitis (Marshall, 1957). B. C. subglaber Haran sp. nov. C. C. squamulatus Haran sp. nov. D. C. muellerae Haran sp. nov. E. C. hirtulus Haran sp. nov. F. C. robustus Haran sp. nov. G. C. namaquanus Haran sp. nov. H. C. carinatus Haran sp. nov. I. C. variabilis Haran sp. nov. J. C. estriatus (Marshall, 1957). K. C. pyrophilus Haran sp. nov. L. C. pilipes Haran sp. nov. Not to scale.

Fig. 5 (Part I). Ventrites of males of species of Cryptolarynx Van Schalkwyk, 1966. A. C. vitis (Marshall, 1957). B. C. subglaber Haran sp. nov. C. C. squamulatus Haran sp. nov. D. C. muellerae Haran sp. nov. E. C. hirtulus Haran sp. nov. F. C. robustus Haran sp. nov. G. C. namaquanus Haran sp. nov. H. C. carinatus Haran sp. nov. I. C. variabilis Haran sp. nov. J. C. estriatus (Marshall, 1957), with details of a cuticular carina (white arrows). K. C. pyrophilus Haran sp. nov. L. C. pilipes Haran sp. nov. Not to scale.

Fig. 6 (preceding page). Habitus in natura, host plants and biotopes of species of Cryptolarynx Van Schalkwyk, 1966 (part 1). A. C. vitis (Marshall, 1957), Tygerberg Nature Reserve (JHAR02568). B. Dark variants of C. vitis, Grootbos Private Nature Reserve (JHAR01592). C. Biotope and stands of Oxalis glabra Thunb. hosting C. vitis (JHAR01488). D. Habitus of C. hirtulus Haran sp. nov., Worcester (JHAR02356). E. Adult of C. hirtulus Haran sp. nov. under a stone, in its gallery after emergence from a bulb of Oxalis obtusa Jacq., near Touwsrivier (JHAR02444). F. Biotope of C. hirtulus Haran sp. nov. with stands of Oxalis obtusa, near Touwsrivier. G. Habitus of C. carinatus Haran sp. nov., Rondebosch Common (JHAR02336). H. Oxalis purpurea L., host of C. carinatus Haran sp. nov., Rondebosch Common. I. Corm of Oxalis pes-caprae L. with emergence hole of C. variabilis Haran sp. nov. J. Habitus of C. variabilis Haran sp. nov., Stellenbosch (JHAR01185). K. Larva of C. variabilis Haran sp. nov. in bulb of Oxalis purpurea, Stellenbosch (JHAR01215). L. Pupa of C. variabilis Haran sp. nov. in bulb of Oxalis lanata Thunb., Stellenbosch (JHAR01247). M. Teneral adult of C. variabilis Haran sp. nov. in bulb of Oxalis pes-caprae, Stellenbosch (JHAR01185). N. Oxalis pes-caprae, host of C. variabilis Haran sp. nov., Stellenbosch. O–P. Oxalis sp. host and biotope of C. armatus Haran sp. nov., near Nieuwoudtville (JHAR02519).

Fig. 8 (next page). Structural details and measurements of Cryptolaryngini Van Schalkwyk, 1966. A. Cryptolarynx spinicornis Haran sp. nov., cephalic view, arrows indicating width of forehead (top) and of epifrons (bottom). B. Head of C. pyrophilus Haran sp. nov., lateral view, arrows indicating distance between eye and scrobe. C. Head of C. pyrophilus Haran sp. nov., in cephalic view, arrows showing prothoracic scales near eyes (top), position of scape when antennae in repose (middle) and position of clubs near procoxae when in repose (bottom). D. C. namaquanus Haran sp. nov., dorsal view, arrows indicate length and width dimensions of pronotum and elytra as measured.E. Metafemora and metatarsus of C. variabilis Haran sp. nov. (left) and C. carinatus Haran sp. nov. (right), arrows indicating position of proximal inner carina in latter species (highlighted with a white line in C. variabilis Haran sp. nov.) and short apical mucro. F. Metatarsus of Hadrocryptolarynx major Haran gen. et sp. nov., arrow indicating elongate segment 2 (longer than wide). G. Hindleg of C. vitis (Marshall, 1957), arrow indicating apical mucro. H. Antenna of C. spinicornis Haran sp. nov., arrows pointing at inner tooth of funicle segments 2 and 4. I. Protibia of C. armatus Haran sp. nov., arrow pointing at inner preapical expansion proximally of mucro. J. Penis of C. oberprieleri Haran sp. nov., dorsal view, black arrows indicating length of penis body and temones and white arrows indicating width of penis body as measured; bottom arrow indicating copulatory sclerite. K. Ovipositor, Crypolarynx variabilis Haran sp. nov. L. Sternite VIII, same species. M. Spermatheca, same species. N. Ovipositor, Hadrocryptolarynx major Haran gen. et sp. nov. O. Sternite VIII, same species. P. Spermatheca, same species. Q. Right maxilla, same species. Not to scale.

Fig. 13. Distribution maps of species of Cryptolarynx Van Schalkwyk, 1966 and Hadrocryptolarynx Haran gen. nov.