Draconarius hanoiensis, Wang & Jäger, 2008

Wang, Xin-Ping & Jäger, Peter, 2008, First record of the subfamily Coelotinae in Laos, with review of Coelotinae embolus morphology and description of seven new species from Laos and Vietnam (Araneae, Amaurobiidae), Journal of Natural History 42 (35 - 36), pp. 2277-2304 : 2289-2294

Draconarius hanoiensis sp. nov.

( Figures 32–33 , 75 )

Type material

Holotype female and one paratype female from Tam Dao Mount Forest Park , Hanoi, Vietnam, 2 May 1999, X. P. Wang leg., deposited in AMNH.

Etymology

The specific name refers to the type locality; adjective.

Diagnosis

Females are similar to the lutulentus -group species in having similar spermathecal tubes, but can be distinguished by the absence of epigynal teeth, the short, transverse extending atrium, and the unique Coras -shaped lateral atrial margins widely open anteriorly and converging posteriorly ( Figures 32, 33 ).

Description

Female holotype. Large spider, total length 10.8 mm. Dorsal shield of prosoma 5.62 long, 3.51 wide; opisthosoma 5.20 long, 3.64 wide. AME smallest; ALE and PLE largest, slightly larger than PME (AME 0.15, ALE 0.24, PME 0.20, PLE 0.23); AME separated by its diameter, PME separated from each other by slightly less than its diameter, from PLE by approximately PME diameter; AME, ALE, PLE close together (AME–AME 0.15, AME–ALE 0.08, ALE–PLE 0.11, PME–PME 0.18, PME–PLE 0.20, AME–PME 0.21). Chelicera with three promarginal and two retromarginal teeth. Epigynum without epigynal teeth; atrium short, with width at least four times its length; posterior atrial margin close together with epigastric furrow; lateral atrial margins similar to the Coras species being widely open anteriorly, and converging gradually toward posterior margin, with posterior margin width only one-third of anterior margin; copulatory ducts distinct, extending medially and anteriorly between spermathecae, coiled; spermathecae more or less elongated; spermathecal bases widely separated by approximately 1.5 times their width; spermathecal stalks diverging, with distal ends separated by at least three times their width; spermathecal heads distinct, arising from lateral sides of anterior extending copulatory ducts ( Figures 32, 33 ).

Male. Unknown.

Relationships

Draconarius hanoiensis sp. nov. is a member of the lutulentus -species group. In addition to the existing four species recorded by Wang (2003), at least four more species belong to this group: D. abbreviatus Dankittipakul and Wang, 2003 , D. anthonyi Dankittipakul and Wang, 2003 , and D. promontorius Dankittipakul, Sonthichai and Wang, 2006 from Thailand, plus D. hanoiensis sp. nov. from Vietnam described here. The distribution of the lutulentus -species group ranges from the Himalayas ( Bhutan) over southern China, to Laos and Thailand.

Distribution

Vietnam (Hanoi: Tam Dao Mount Forest Park) ( Figure 75 ).

Draconarius huongsonensis sp. nov.

( Figures 34–35 , 75 )

Type material

Holotype female and one paratype female from Huong Son , Vietnam, 19 April 1998, D. Silva leg., deposited in AMNH.

Etymology

The specific name refers to the type locality; adjective.

Diagnosis

Females of this species are similar to the gurkha -group species in having the rounded spermathecae but can be distinguished by the absence of epigynal teeth, the hidden spermathecal heads (from dorsal view), and the closely situated spermathecae ( Figures 34, 35 ).

Description

Female holotype. Small spider, total length 3.70 mm. Dorsal shield of prosoma 1.85 long, 1.30 wide; opisthosoma 1.85 long, 1.27 wide. AME smallest, approximately half the size of other eyes (AME 0.05, ALE 0.11, PLE 0.11, PME 0.10); eyes clustered together (AME–AME 0.04, AME–ALE 0.02, ALE–PLE 0.05, PME–PME 0.05, PME–PLE 0.06, AME–PME 0.10). Chelicera with three promarginal and two retromarginal teeth. Epigynum without epigynal teeth; atrium small, close to epigastric furrow; copulatory ducts invisible from dorsal view; spermathecae large, rounded, close together; spermathecal heads not visible from dorsal view ( Figures 34, 35 ).

Male. Unknown.

Relationships

The presence of simple, rounded spermathecae in D. huongsonensis sp. nov. is similar to that of D. gurkha (Brignoli, 1976) and related species. Species of the gurkha -group species are recorded from Himalayas and neighbouring regions.

Distribution

Vietnam (Huong Son) ( Figure 75 ).

Draconarius latidens sp. nov.

( Figures 36–43 , 75–76 )

Type material

Holotype female from Muang Sing , Nam Det, Luang Nam Tha Province, Laos, 821–1097 m, 21 ° 10.1939N 101 ° 14.4459E to 21 ° 09.9839N 101 ° 14.7429E, secondary forest, along path, soil and vegetation, hand, sweepnet, sieving, P. Jäger & V. Vedel leg., 6 November 2004, deposited in SMF.

Etymology

The specific name comes from the Latin words ‘‘ latus ’’ meaning ‘‘broad’’ and ‘‘ dens ’’ meaning ‘‘tooth’’, referring to the broad epigynal teeth; noun in apposition.

Diagnosis

The broad, widely separated epigynal teeth, the anteriorly situated, distinctly separated atria, and the long, anteriorly converging spermathecal stalks allow easy recognition of the females of this new species ( Figures 36–39 ). Posterior margin of chelicerae with four teeth ( Figure 43 ).

Description

Female holotype. Large spider, total length 10.3 mm ( Figures 40, 41 ). Dorsal shield of prosoma 4.80 long, 3.00 wide; opisthosoma 5.30 long, 3.50 wide. AME and PME about the same size, slightly smaller than lateral eyes (AME 0.15, ALE 0.18, PME 0.15, PLE 0.17); AME, ALE, PLE separated by approximately two-thirds of AME diameter, other eyes are widely separated by at least PME diameter (AME–AME 0.09, AME–ALE 0.09, ALE–PLE 0.09, PME–PME 0.15, PME–PLE 0.20, AME– PME 0.18) ( Figure 42 ). Chelicera with three promarginal and four retromarginal teeth ( Figure 43 ). Epigynum with broad, widely separated epigynal teeth; atria distinct, situated anteriorly and separated from epigastric furrow by at least its length; posterior atrial margin extending anteriorly and forming distinct atrial septum; copulatory ducts broad, originating anteriorly; spermathecal bases widely separated by its width and modified into two rounded parts; spermathecal stalks anterior extending and converging, with distal ends close together; spermathecal heads small, situated anteriorly, with bases close together and distal ends laterally extending ( Figures 36–39 ).

Male. Unknown.

Relationships

The broad, widely separated epigynal teeth and the anteriorly situated atrium distinguish D. latidens sp. nov. from all other Coelotinae . Although species of the genus Tegecoelotes Ovtchinnikov, 1999 also have a pair of broad epigynal teeth, these are usually situated close together and also they have no distinct anteriorly situated atrium. Neither taxon apparently belongs to the same group.

Distribution

Laos (Luang Nam Tha Province: Nam Det) ( Figures 75, 76 ).

Figures

Figures 32, 33. Draconarius hanoiensis sp. nov., female holotype from Tam Dao Mt. Forest Park, Hanoi, Vietnam. 32. Epigynum, ventral view. 33. Vulva, dorsal view.

Figures 75, 76. 75. Records of Draconarius bounnami sp. nov., D. latidens sp. nov., D. postremus sp. nov., D. songi sp. nov., D. tabularis sp. nov. from Luang Nam Tha Province, Laos and D. hanoiensis sp. nov. from Hanoi, Vietnam and D. huongsonensis sp. nov. from Huong Son, Vietnam. 76. Records of five species from Luang Nam Tha Province, Laos, enlarged.

Figures 34, 35. Draconarius huongsonensis sp. nov., female holotype from Huong Son, Vietnam. 34. Epigynum, ventral view. 35. Vulva, dorsal view.

Figures 36, 37. Draconarius latidens sp. nov., female holotype from Muang Sing, Nam Det, Luang Nam Tha Province, Laos. 36. Epigynum, ventral view. 37. Vulva, dorsal view.

Figures 38–43. Draconarius latidens sp. nov., female holotype from Muang Sing, Nam Det, Luang Nam Tha Province, Laos. 38. Epigynum, ventral view. 39. Vulva, dorsal view. 40. Habitus, dorsal view. 41. Habitus, ventral view. 42. Eyes, dorsal view. 43. Chelicera, ventral view.