Buthoscorpio Werner, 1936

Kovařík, František, Lowe, Graeme, Ranawana, Kithsiri B., Hoferek, David & Š, V. A., 2016, Scorpions of Sri Lanka (Scorpiones Buthidae, Chaerilidae, Scorpionidae) with description of four new species of the genera Charmus Karsch, 1879 and Reddyanus Vachon, 1972, stat n, Euscorpius 220, pp. 1-133 : 10-12

Genus Buthoscorpio Werner, 1936

( Figs. 12 , 16–40 , 193 , 421–422 , 547)

= Stenochirus Karsch, 1892: 305–306 , fig. 30, Pl. XXII; a junior homonym of Stenochirus Oppel, 1862 (Crustacea) ; Kraepelin, 1899: 39; Pocock, 1900: 32–33; Kraepelin, 1913: 131–132; Werner, 1934: 271; Vachon, 1982: 83–84, figs. 12–18, 84–85; Tikader & Bastawade, 1983: 152–153.

= Pocockius Francke, 1985: 13 , 16 (syn. by Fet, 1997: 246).

Buthoscorpio Werner, 1936: 191 ; Fet, 1997: 246; Fet & Lowe, 2000: 90; Kovařík, 2009: 31; Javed et al., 2010: 5–10 , figs. 1–8; Aswathi et al., 2015: 213– 218, figs. 1–5.

TYPE SPECIES. Stenochirus sarasinorum Karsch, 1892

DIAGNOSIS. Total length 30–52 mm. Sternum type 1, subpentagonal or subtriangular, roughly as wide as long, exhibiting horizontal compression. Pedipalps with trichobothrial pattern Aα; femur trichobothrium d 2 located dorsally, patella d 3 external to dorsomedian carina; chela with 3 Eb trichobothria on manus. Cheliceral fixed finger with two ventral accessory denticles. Movable finger of pedipalp chela longer than manus. Pectines with fulcra. Dentate margin of pedipalp chela movable finger with distinct granules divided into 10–11 linear rows, apical rows of 3–4 granules, and 3 terminal granules. Tergites I –VI smooth or finely granular, with one carina. Carapace smooth to finely granular without carinae, anterior edge with epistome present medially. Metasomal segments punctate, without stridulatory areas, without carinae except for dorsolateral carinae which may be developed. Telson vesicle punctate, subaculear tooth absent or weakly developed. Pedipalps, metasoma and telson glabrous. Legs III and IV with well developed, long tibial spurs; ventral aspect of tarsomere II with two rows of spiniform setae.

DISTRIBUTION. India, Sri Lanka.

Figures

Figures 12–15: Maps showing the known geographical distribution of the Sri Lankan species.

Figures 16–19: Buthoscorpio sarasinorum. Figures 16–17. Male from locality 15CF in dorsal (16) and ventral (17) views. Figures 18–19. Female from locality 15CG in dorsal (18) and ventral (19) views.

Figures 20–23: Buthoscorpio sarasinorum. Figures 20, 22. Male from locality 15CF, chelicerae, carapace and tergites I–III (20) and sternopectinal region and sternite III (22). Figures 21, 23. Female from locality 15CG, chelicerae, carapace and tergites I–III (21) and sternopectinal region and sternite III (23).

Figures 24–29: Buthoscorpio sarasinorum. Figures 24–26. Male from locality 15CF, metasoma and telson, lateral (24), ventral (25), and dorsal (26) views. Figures 27–29. Female from locality 15CG, metasoma and telson, lateral (27), ventral (28), and dorsal (29) views.

Figures 30–33: Capsule region and flagellum of left hemispermatophore of Buthoscorpio sarasinorum from locality 15CF. External (30), dorsal (31), internal (32) and ventral (33) views. Note: damaged section of pars reflecta of flagellum is interpolated as a dotted outline. Scale bar: 500 µm. Abbreviations: bl, basal lobe; f, flagellum; ml, median lobe; mlc, median lobe carina; pr, pars recta of flagellum; prf, pars reflecta of flagellum; t, trunk.

Figures 34–38: Buthoscorpio sarasinorum. Figures 34. Male at locality 15CF. Figures 35. Female at locality 15CS under UV. Figures 36–38. Female from locality 15CF (36) with newborns (37), and with juveniles after first ecdysis (38).

Figures 39–46: Chela of pedipalps (39–45) and movable finger of chela (46). Figures 39–40. Buthoscorpio sarasinorum, male from locality 15CF (39) and female from locality 15CG (40). Figures 41–43. Charmus laneus, male (41) and female (42) from locality 15CO, and female holotype (43). Figure 44. Charmus saradieli, sp. n., female holotype. Figures 45–46. Hottentotta tamulus, male from locality 15CK.

Figures 193–200: Distal segments of leg IV, retroventral view of Sri Lankan Buthidae and Chaerilidae genera. Buthoscorpio sarasinorum, male from locality 15CF (193), Charmus laneus, male from locality 15CO (194), Hottentotta tamulus, male from locality 15CK (195), Isometrus maculatus, female from locality 15CI (196), Isometrus thwaitesi, female from locality 15CO (197), Lychas srilankensis, male from locality 15CJ (198), Reddyanus basilicus, male from locality 15CS (199), and Chaerilus ceylonensis, male from locality 15CD (200).

Figures 403–429: Telson, lateral view of Sri Lankan Buthidae and Chaerilidae species. Figures 403–404. Isometrus maculatus, male from locality 15CP (403) and female from locality 15CI (404). Figures 405–406. I. thwaitesi, male from locality 15CH (405) and female from locality 15CO (406). Figures 407–408. Lychas srilankensis, male (407) and female (408) from locality 15CJ. Figures 409–410. Reddyanus basilicus, male (409) and female (410) from locality 15CR. Figures 411–412. R. besucheti, male holotype (411) and female from locality 15CG (412). Figures 413–414. R. ceylonensis sp. n., male holotype (413) and female paratype (414) from locality 15CI. Figures 415–416. R. jayarathnei sp. n., male (415) and female (416) paratypes. Figures 417–418. R. loebli, male (417) and female (418) from locality 15CG. Figures 419–420. R. ranawanai sp. n., male holotype (419) and female paratype (420). Figures 421–422: Buthoscorpio sarasinorum, male from locality 15CF (421) and female from locality 15CG (422). Figures 423–424. Charmus laneus, male (423) and female (424) from locality 15CO. Figures 425–426. Charmus saradieli sp. n. male paratype (425) (MHNG) and female holotype (426). Figurs 427. Hottentotta tamulus, male from locality 15CK (427). Figures 428–429. Chaerilus ceylonensis, male (428) and female (429) from locality 15CD.