Tsaagan mangas

Brownstein, Chase Doran, 2021, Dromaeosaurid crania demonstrate the progressive loss of facial pneumaticity in coelurosaurian dinosaurs, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 191 (1), pp. 87-112 : 94

Tsaagan mangas

Unlike the nasals of Deinonychus but as in Velociraptor , the exterior surfaces of the nasals of Tsaagan do not show any enlarged pneumatic foramina. Instead, the surface texture of the nasal is smooth, as is the transition between the nasal and the maxilla. However, a few smaller neurovascular foramina are present ( Norell et al., 2006). Unfortunately, the dorsal edge of the antorbital fenestra is too poorly preserved in Tsaagan to describe its morphology in detail ( Norell et al., 2006; Turner et al., 2012). A row of neurovascular foramina is more clearly visible in Linheraptor (e.g. Xu et al., 2015), which may be a synonym of Tsaagan (e.g. Turner et al., 2012; Evans et al., 2013). Damage to the exterior surface of the nasal of Tsaagan clearly shows the widened space for the nasal airway (see Norell et al., 2006 for discussion of the morphology of this feature from CT scans), which seems similar in morphology to those of Velociraptor and Deinonychus .

LACRIMAL