Paraglenurus melanostictus Matsumoto, Kikuta & Hayashi, 2021

Kim, Jiseung, Ahn, Neung-Ho & Kim, Sora, 2025, A taxonomic review of the family Myrmeleontidae Latreille (Neuroptera, Myrmeleontiformia) from the Korean peninsula, highlighting the conservation value of this family, ZooKeys 1262, pp. 97-174 : 97-174

Paraglenurus melanostictus Matsumoto, Kikuta & Hayashi, 2021

Figs 24, 37 E

Paraglenurus melanostictus Matsumoto, Kikuta & Hayashi, 2021: 21. Type locality. Japan: Nara: Yamatokuriyama-shi: Shinmachi.

Specimens examined.

[ JBNU] • 1 ♀, Daegok-ri , Janggye-myeon, Jangsu-gun, Jeonbuk-do, Korea, 14. VII. 2022, J. S. Kim ; • 2 ♀, Oeseonmi-ri , Onjeong-myeon, Uljin-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea, 27. VII. 2022, J. S. Kim ; • 3 ♂ 14 ♀, Samjung-ri , Macheon-myeon, Hamyang-gun, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea, 14. VII. 2023, H. Han ; • 6 ♀, Gilgok-ri , Maehwa-myeon, Uljin-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea, 20. VII. 2023, DB Choi ; • 1 ♂ 2 ♀, Gilgok-ri , Maehwa-myeon, Uljin-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea, 27. VII. 2023, H. Han ; • 7 ♂ 5 ♀, Oeseonmi-ri , Onjeong-myeon, Uljin-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea, 13. VII. 2024, J. S. Kim ; • 2 ♂ 2 ♀, Yulji-ri , Susan-myeon, Jecheon-si, Chungcheongbuk-do, Korea, 30. VII. 2024, J. S. Kim ; • 4 ♀, Gancheok-ri , Gandong-myeon, Hwacheon-gun, Gangwon-do, Korea, 23. VIII. 2024, J. S. Kim ; • 1 ♀, Gilgok-ri , Maehwa-myeon, Uljin-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea, 28. VIII. 2024, J. S. Kim ; • 4 ♂ 1 ♀, Gilgok-ri , Maehwa-myeon, Uljin-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea, 7. IX. 2024, J. S. Kim ; • 1 ♂ 2 ♀, Dae-ri , Yeonghae-myeon, Yeongdeok-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea, 20. VII. 2024, H. Han .

Diagnosis.

Compared to other species in the genus Paraglenurus , P. melanostictus has the morphological characteristics of the apical 1 / 3–1 / 2 of each flagellum being pale yellow starting from the apical ~ 1 / 4 of the antenna, a very distinct preapical dark brown marking on the hindwing, and an adjacent white marking is very distinct and rounded.

Description.

Male, adult. Head (Fig. 24 B, C ). Vertex slightly narrow, moderately raised, reddish brown. Frons yellowish brown, with broad dark brown band extending from below vertex to below base of antenna; clypeus yellow, with long black hairs. Antenna dark brown, long, with slightly defined club, densely covered with short black hairs; flagellum comprising ~ 44 flagellomeres, each flagellomere with distinct distal yellow annulation. Mouthparts reddish brown; labrum reddish brown, with hyaline brown hairs; maxillary palpus yellowish brown; labial palpus yellowish brown, spindle-shaped.

Thorax (Fig. 24 C ). Pronotum slender, longer than broad, brown, with long brown hairs. Mesonotum and metanotum dark brown, covered with hyaline hairs.

Legs. Coxae yellow, moderately covered with yellow hairs. Femora mostly dark brown, partly brown; moderately covered with black hairs. Tibiae dark brown; moderately covered with black hairs. Tibial spurs dark brown, slightly long, slightly curved, approximately as long as tarsomere 1. Tarsi yellowish brown, tarsomere 5 slightly longer than tarsomere 1; claws brown.

Wings (Fig. 24 A ). With white and dark brown markings. Forewing veins and crossveins dark brown; presectoral area with 11 or 12 crossveins; RP arising beyond CuA fork; CuP supporting one cell before fusing with 1 A; 2 A fused with 3 A; pterostigma white; anterior Banksian lines absent; posterior Banksian lines absent. Hindwing slightly longer and narrower than forewing; presectoral area with one crossvein; RP arising before MP fork; pterostigma white; anterior Banksian lines absent; posterior Banksian lines absent; male without pilula axillaris.

Abdomen (Fig. 24 A ). Shorter than hindwing, dark brown, posterior margin of tergites II – VII bordered with yellow, tergites III – V sometimes with median yellow marking, densely covered with brown hairs.

Genitalia (Fig. 24 D, E, H – K ). Ectoproct semicircular, covered with long black setae. Sternite IX narrow, covered with long black setae. Gonarcus reddish brown, arched. Mediuncus lightly sclerotized, lightly hooked in lateral view. Parameres well sclerotized, dark brown, triangular in caudal view.

Size. BL: 24.5–32.4 mm; FWL: 26.4–32.4 mm; HWL: 25.5–30.0 mm.

Female, adult. General morphology, except head and terminalia, almost as in male. Head: vertex slightly wide, strongly raised. Terminalia (Fig. 24 F, G ): tergite VIII wider than tergite IX; tergite IX narrow, triangular in lateral view; ectoproct triangular in lateral view; lateral gonapophyses semicircular in lateral view, smaller than ectoproct; posterior gonapophyses long, curved, with long black setae; anterior gonapophyses absent; pregenital distinct, plate triangular, presented on membrane below tergite VIII.

Size. BL: 22.8–26.4 mm; FWL: 29.4–33.5 mm; HWL: 29.3–33.3 mm.

Biological notes.

Paraglenurus melanostictus is a species that is mainly observed in mountainous regions throughout South Korea (Fig. 37 E ). Adults emerge from July to September in South Korea. Larvae are known to be ambush hunters. They were not examined during this study; for details on their ecology, refer to Matsumoto et al. (2021).

Distribution.

Korea (new record), Japan ( Matsumoto et al. 2021).

Remarks.

Paraglenurus melanostictus was described as new based on specimens from Japan. A taxonomic review of the genus Paraglenurus is needed in countries where this species has been previously recorded.

Figures

Figure 24. Paraglenurus melanostictus Matsumoto, Kikuta & Hayashi, 2021, adult. A. Dorsal habitus, male; B. Head, frontal view; C. Head and thorax, dorsal view; D, E. Male terminalia: D. Lateral view; E. Ventral view; F, G. Female terminalia: F. Lateral view; G. Ventral view; H – K. Male genitalia: H. Dorsal view; I. Ventral view; J. Lateral view; K. Caudal view.

Figure 37. Distribution maps. A. Synclisis japonica and Baliga micans; B. Genus Myrmeleon (Myrmeleon bore, Myrmeleon fomicarius, and Myrmeleon immanis); C. Dendroleon pupillaris and Nepsalus jezoensis; D. Genus Distoleon (Distoleon littoralis and Distoleon nigricans); E. Genus Paraglenurus (Paraglenurus albiventris, Paraglenurus japonicus, and Paraglenurus melanostictus); F. Euroleon coreanus and Deutoleon lineatus lineatus; H. Ascalohybris subjacens and Libelloides sibiricus.