Dicranophragma (Brachylimnophila) transitorium

Podenas, Sigitas, Park, Sun-Jae, Byun, Hye-Woo, Kim, A-Young, Klein, Terry A. & Aukštikalnienė, Heung-Chul Kim and Rasa, 2020, New data on Limoniinae and Limnophilinae crane flies (Diptera: Limoniidae) of Korea, Journal of Species Research 9 (4), pp. 492-531 : 509-511

Dicranophragma (Brachylimnophila) transitorium

( Alexander, 1941)

Limnophila transitoria Alexander, 1941: 56-57 .

Dicranophragma (Brachylimnophila) transitorium Kato, Tachi, 2018: 32-33 .

Adult.

General: Body coloration brownish gray. Body length of male 5.8-6.6 mm, female 6.3-7.3 mm. Wing length of male 7.5-8.2 mm, female 7.1-7.3 mm.

Head: Light gray frontally and along eye margin, dark- er posteriorly, densely covered with pruinosity, sparsely covered with long brownish setae. Vertex with small darkened tubercle. Eyes widely separated in both sexes, distance between them at base of antennae slightly exceeds length of scape. Antenna ( Fig. 7A ) 1.2-1.3 mm long in male, 1.3 mm in female, reaching frontal margin of prescutum at most, if bent backward. Scape elongate, nearly cylindrical, twice as long as pedicel, brown, dusted with brownish-gray. Pedicel widened distally, brown. Basal flagellomeres oval, distal elongate. Basal flagellomere yellow, third segment brownish yellow, remainder of flagellum brown. Apical flagellomere subequal to preceding segment. Verticils dark brown, longest verticils approximately 1.5 times as long as respective segments. Rostrum brown dorsally, gray laterally because of dense pruinosity. Palpus dark brown, sparsely covered with gray pruinosity.

Thorax: Cervical sclerites dark brown ventrally, densely dusted with gray laterally. Pronotum gray with few erect brownish setae. Mesonotal prescutum gray with four dark brown longitudinal stripes. Medial stripes not reaching posterior margin of sclerite. Tubercular pits small but distinct at frontal margin of sclerite. Pseudosutural fovea distinct, polished dark brown. Scutal lobe light gray with dark spot in the middle, area between lobes dark brown. Scutellum uniformly brownish gray. Mediotergite gray to bluish gray. Dorsopleural membrane yellowish gray. Pleuron gray, anepisternum and ventral margin of katepisternum slightly darkened. Wing ( Fig. 7B- D ) iridescent, semi-translucent with brownish tinge and no other darker spots except indistinct pale-brownish stigma. Veins light brown, yellowish at wing base. Venation: Sc long, reaching wing margin distinctly beyond branching point of Rs, sc-r at branching point of Rs. Rs long, arched at base. Free end of R 1 long, four times as long as R 2. R 2 transverse, far beyond branching point of R 2 + 3 and R 4. R 3 and R 4 slightly diverging towards wing margin, cell r 3 with very short stem. Cross-vein r-m distinct, at base of discal cell. Cell m 1 very small, its stem 3.5-7.0 times as long as cell itself, sometimes cell m 1 completely missing. Discal cell 2.2 times as long as wide. Cross-vein m-cu slightly before middle of discal cell. Anal vein long, slightly sinuous, apex far beyond the level of Rs base. Anal angle long and narrow, widely rounded. Length of male and female halter 0.9-1.0 mm, stem grayish yellow, knob slightly infuscated at apex. Coxa brownish yellow sparsely dusted with gray. Trochanter grayish yellow. Femur brownish yellow indistinctly darkened distally. Tibia brownish yellow, narrowly darkened at apex. Basal tarsomere pale yellow with brown distal end, remainder of tarsum brown to dark brown. Tibia of foreleg with single apical spur, tibiae of middle and hind pairs of legs with two apical spurs each. Male femur I: 3.8-4.0 mm long, II: 4.1-4.5 mm, III: 4.5-4.8 mm, tibia I: 4.5-4.9 mm, II: 4.0- 4.3 mm, III: 4.2- 4.8 mm, tarsus I: 4.8-5.2 mm, II: 4.4-4.8 mm, III: 3.2- 3.9 mm. Female femur I: 3.8 mm long, II: 4.0 mm, III: 4.5 mm, tibia I: 3.8 mm, II: 3.5 mm, III: 4.0 mm, tarsus I: 3.5 mm, II: 3.5 mm, III: 3.3 mm long. Claw simple, spineless.

Abdomen: Abdominal tergites semi-polished yellowish brown, sparsely covered with erect yellowish setae. Tergites with paired transverse sutures at about one-third length of sclerite. Sternites brownish yellow with darker brown lateral margins, and erect yellowish setae. Pregenital segments (VII- VIII) darker brown. Male terminalia ( Fig. 7E ) yellow. Ninth tergite wider than longer, posterior margin nearly straight. Gonocoxite elongate, 2.7 times as long as width at base, interbase spoon-shaped, ventro-mesal lobe absent. Outer gonostylus long and narrow, blackened distally, slightly arched with bidentate apex. Inner gonostylus wide, fleshy and setose. Paramere long stick-shaped, just slightly arched. Aedeagus short and straight. Ovipositor ( Fig. 7F ) light brown with yellow apex of cercus. Cercus very long and narrow, distal part slightly raised upwards. Hypovalva long and straight, point-apexed, tip reaching to about two-thirds of cercus, dorsal margin with long dense setae distally.

Larva and pupa: Unknown.

Elevation in Korea: From 640 to 1900 m.

Period of activity in Korea: From middle of June to late August.

Habitats: Comparatively dry, young deciduous forest with sparse, grassy vegetation on the ground, dominated by Sasa borealis (Hack.) and Equisetum ; mixed forest with water pools near mountainous river. Species was not collected at light.

General distribution: Was recorded only from Honshu and Shikoku Islands of Japan.

Examined material ( Fig. 16G ): 3 males (pinned), N . Corea, Chonsani Paiktusan , 4700 ft., 1937.07.09, A . Y . Yankovsky ( USNM); 4 males, 1 female (pinned), N . Corea, Chonsani Paiktusan , 4700 ft., 1937.07.16, A . Y . Yankovsky ( USNM); 1 female (pinned), N . Corea, Chonsani Paiktusan , 3500 ft., 1937.07.23, A . Y . Yankovsky ( USNM); 1 female (pinned), Korea, Pyaksan, 5500 ft., 1939.06.13 ( USNM); 2 females (pinned), P . Korea, 5800 ft., 1939.06.14 ( USNM); 1 specimen with broken abdomen (pinned), North Korea, Kankyo Nando , Puksu Pyaksan, alt. 5500 ft., 1939.06.14, A . Y . Yankovsky ( USNM); 1 male, 1 female (pinned), North Korea, Kankyo Nando, Puksu Pyaksan, alt. 6000 ft., 1939.06.15, A . Y . Yankovsky ( USNM); 1 male (pinned), North Korea, Kankyo Nando, Puksu Pyaksan, alt. 5000 ft., 1939.06.21, A . Y . Yankovsky ( USNM); 1 male (pinned), North Korea, Kankyo Nando, Puksu Pyaksan, alt. 6000 ft., 1939.07.17, A . Y . Yankovsky ( USNM); 1 male (pinned), North Korea, Kankyo Nando, Puksu Pyaksan, alt. 5000 ft., 1939.07.17, A . Y . Yankovsky ( USNM); 2 females (pinned), North Korea, Kankyo Nando, Puksu Pyaksan, alt. 6000 ft., 1939.07.19, A . Y . Yankovsky ( USNM); 2 males, 1 female (pinned), North Korea, Kankyo Nando, Puksu Pyaksan, alt. 6000 ft., 1939.07.27, A . Y . Yankovsky ( USNM); 2 males (pinned), North Korea, Kankyo Nando, Puksu Pyaksan, alt. 6000 ft., 1939.07.29, A . Y . Yankovsky ( USNM); 2 males, 1 female (pinned), North Korea, Kankyo Nando, Puksu Pyaksan, alt. 6000 ft., 1939.08.02, A . Y . Yankovsky ( USNM); 2 males (pinned), North Korea, Kankyo Nando, Puksu Pyaksan, alt. 5000 ft., 1939.08.02, A . Y . Yankovsky ( USNM); 1 female (pinned), North Korea, Kankyo Nando, Puksu Pyaksan, alt. 5000 ft., 1939.08.03, A . Y . Yankovsky ( USNM); 3 males, 1 female (pinned), North Korea, Kankyo Nando, Puksu Pyaksan, alt. 6000 ft., 1939.08.03, A . Y . Yankovsky ( USNM); 2 males (pinned), North Korea, Kankyo Nando, Puksu Pyaksan, alt. 6000 ft., 1939.08.06, A . Y . Yankovsky ( USNM); 1 male (pinned), P . P . Korea, 5000 ft., 1939.08.08 ( USNM); 1 male (pinned), North Korea, Kankyo Nando , Puksu Pyaksan, alt. 4000 ft., 1939.08.08 A . Y . Yankovsky ( USNM); 2 males (pinned), North Korea, Kankyo Nando, Puksu Pyaksan, alt. 5000 ft., 1939.08.08, A . Y . Yankovsky ( USNM); 2 males (pinned), North Korea, Kankyo Nando, Puksu Pyaksan, alt. 5000 ft., 1939.08.11, A . Y . Yankovsky ( USNM); 1 male (pinned), North Korea, Kankyo Nando, Puksu Pyaksan, alt. 5000 ft., 1939.08.21, A . Y . Yankovsky ( USNM); 1 specimen with broken abdomen (pinned), N . Korea, Chonsani , 4500 ft., 1940.06.13, A . Y . Yankovsky ( USNM); 1 male (pinned), N . Korea, Pontani Paiktusan , 6200 ft., 1940.07.23, A . Y . Yankovsky ( USNM); 3 males (in EtOH), S . Korea, Gangwon-do , Hongcheon-gun , Nae-myeon, Yuljeon-ri, N 37.73849, E 128.34566, alt. 798 m, 2014.08.21 (1), S . Podenas , S . Kim ( NIBR); 4 males, 3 females (in EtOH), S . Korea, Gangwon-do , Pyeonchang-gun , Jinbu-myeon , Dongsan-ri, Odaesan NP , N 37.72425, E 128.59814, alt. 641 m, 2015.07.06 (2), S . Kim , S . Podenas ( NIBR). Also compared with: paratype (as Limnophila transitoria ), male (antenna, hind leg, wing and male terminalia slide mounted), Japan, Honshiu , Kamikochi, Alps, alt. 5000 ft., 1939.06.18, E . Suenson ( USNM); paratype (as Limnophila transitoria ), male (antenna, fore leg, wing and male terminalia slide mounted), Japan, Honshiu , Kamikochi, Alps, alt. 5000 ft., 1939.06.19, E . Suenson ( USNM) .

Figures

Fig. 7. Dicranophragma (Brachylimnophila) transitorium (Alexan- der, 1941). A. male antenna. B-D. wings. E. male genitalia, dorsal view. F. ovipositor, lateral view. Scale bars: 0.5mm.

Fig. 16. Distribution maps of Korean Limoniidae crane flies.A. Dicranomyia (Erostrata) submelas. B. Dicranoptycha venosa. C. Austrolimnophila(Archilimnophila) subunicoides. D. A.(A.) unica. E. A.(Austrolimnophila) asiatica. F. Conosia irrorata. G. Dicranophragma (Brachylimnophila) transitorium. H. D.(Dicranophragma) melaleucum melaleucum. I. Eloeophila persalsa. J. E. serenensis. K. E. subaprilina. L. E. ussuriana ussuriana. M. E. yezoensis. N. Paradelphomyia chosenica. O. P. macracantha.