Pycnoporus puniceus (Fr.) Ryvarden

F., Rafaela Araújo, S., Gurgel Catarina, Leimi, Carvalho Dirce, De, Komura Ruthe, Dalman, Jesus Santos, De, Isadora Fernandes, Vargas-Isla, França Ruby, Ishikawa, Noemia Kazue & Cabral, Tiara Sousa, 2025, A new species and a new record for Pycnoporus P. Karst. (Polyporaceae) from the Brazilian Amazon, revealed by an integrative approach of classical taxonomy and phylogenetic studies, Cryptogamie, Mycologie 20 (5), pp. 61-86 : 73-75

Pycnoporus puniceus (Fr.) Ryvarden

( Figs 7; 9B, E, H; 10 E-H).

Norwegian Journal of Botany, 19: 229-238. ( Ryvarden 1972). — Trametes punicea Fries , Nova Acta Regiae Societatis Scientiarum Upsaliensis 3 (1): 17-136. ( Fries 1851 [1855]).

TYPE MATERIAL. — Malaysia • Pulo Pinang; s.d.; Didrichsen 25; Lectotype designated by Gurgel et al. (2023): UPS-F-175963.

SPECIMENS EXAMINED. — Brazil • Amazonas , São Gabriel da Cachoeira, Comunidade de Itacoatiara-Mirim; 07.V.2019; T. S. Cabral, F.S. Andriolli, N.K. Ishikawa leg.; T. S.Cabral et al. 72; INPA-Fungos 297904 .

SUBSTRATE. — On a fallen trunk of a deciduous tree.

DESCRIPTION

Basidiome perennial, gregarious to cespitose, ranging from dimidiate to imbricate, with its attack on the substrate widely adhered to semistipitate, 32-45 mm diameter × 21-39 mm width× 4-9 mm thickness, coriaceous and rigid. Pileus surface smooth, wrinkled, bluish, slightly shiny becoming dull with age, cinnabar red (Y 90 M 90 C 30) with grayish black spots (N 99 C 99 Y 00). Margin thick, obtuse, continuous and concolor with the pileus surface. Context and pileus surface continuous in cross-section,compact, 2-6 mm thick, cinnabar (Y 90 M 80 C 10) to red cinnabar (Y 90 M 90 C 30) and with homogeneous zones dark cinnabar (Y 90 M 90 C 10) and light cinnabar (Y 90 M 70 C 10), reflecting developmental stages. Line between context and hymenophore absent. Surface of the pores of the hymenophore dark orange red (Y 90 M 80 C 10); pores irregular to angular, 1-3 pores per mm, 0.3 × 0.7 mm diameter; dissepiment thick, entire and concolor to the pore surface; tubethick, entire and concolor to the pore surface. Macrochemical reaction occurs when adding 5% KOH, resulting in a color change to black permanently in basidiome. Hyphal system trimitic. Pileus surface composed of hyphae similar to the context. Context composed of generative hyphae thin-walled, with frequent clamps, rarely branched, 3-5 µm diameter, hyaline to yellowish in 5% KOH, CB-; IKI-; skeletal hyphae dominating, thick-walled, non-septate, unbranched, straight or slightly tortuous, 3-7 µm diameter, hyaline to yellowish in 5% KOH, CB-; IKI-; binding hyphae thick-walled, non-septate, branched with short branches, 3-5 µm diameter, hyaline to yellowish in 5% KOH and CB-; IKI-. Trama of the tubes composed of hyphae similar to the context; skeletal hyphae, 3-5 µm diameter; binding hyphae more conspicuous than context, 1-4 µm diameter. Hyphae with orange crystals predominate in all parts of the basidiomata, 2-3 µm diameter, hyaline in 5% KOH, CB-; IKI-. Basidium clavate, 10-13 ×5-6 µm, with basal clamp, four sterigmata, hyline in 5% KOH, CB-; IKI. Basidiospores 4.97-7.07 ×2.46-4.78 µm (x=6.0 ± 0.6× 3.5 ± 0.6; Qm = 1.7), elongated, smooth, slightly curved, hyaline in 5% KOH, CB-; IKI-.

NOTES

Pycnoporus puniceus is a rare species with a known distribution in Africa, India, Malaysia, and New Caledonia ( Lesage-Meessen et al. 2011). This study expanded its distribution to Brazil. This species appears as a strongly supported clade (PP=1) ( Fig. 4) in our phylogenetic analysis, and its cinnabar red coloration and irregular pores (1-3 per mm) stand out compared to other species in the genus.