GOBIINAE, G.Cuvier, 1816

Larson, Helen K., Jaafar, Zeehan & Lim, Kelvin K. P., 2008, An Annotated Checklist Of The Gobioid Fishes Of Singapore, Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 56 (1), pp. 135-155 : 145-151

SUBFAMILY GOBIINAE

Acentrogobius caninus (Valenciennes)

Gobius caninus Valenciennes, 1837: 86 (Java) ; Bleeker, 1858: 242 ( Singapore); Bleeker, 1861: 56 ( Singapore); Martens, 1876: 391 ( Singapore); Karoli 1882: 164 (Selita [= Seletar]); Duncker, 1905: 160 ( Singapore); Fowler, 1932: 448 ( Singapore).

Ctenogobius caninus – Herre & Myers, 1937: 43 ( Singapore); Fowler, 1938: 214–215 (Seletar).

Acentrogobius caninus – Koumans, 1953: 61–63 ( Singapore); Tham, 1973: 218 ( Singapore); Chua, 1973: 526 (Ponggol Estuary); Gomez, 1980: 95 ( Singapore); Lim & Larson, 1994: 258 ( Singapore); Chua 2002: 108 (Chek Jawa); Anonymous, 2003: 94 (Sungei Buloh); Larson & Lim, 2005: 57 ( Singapore).

ZRC material from: Siglap canal, Kallang basin, Singapore River,

Pulau Semakau, Pulau Hantu, West Coast Park, Sungei Tuas, Sungei

Tengeh, Sungei Berih, Sungei Poyan, Sungei Sawa, Sungei Buloh,

Sungei Kangkar, Sembawang beach, Sungei Simpang, Sungei

Seletar, Pulau Seletar, Sungei Punggol, Pasir Ris, Pulau Ubin,

Changi Point.

Acentrogobius cf caninus

Acentrogobius sp. – Larson & Lim, 2005: 56 ( Singapore).

ZRC material from: Pulau Semakau, Pulau Hantu, Changi Beach. Remarks: This apparently undescribed species is usually confused with A. caninus .

Acentrogobius cyanomos (Bleeker)

Gobius cyanomos Bleeker, 1849: 25 (Java, Surabaya); Bleeker, 1859–60b,c: 238, 449 ( Singapore); Bleeker, 1861: 56 ( Singapore); Karoli, 1882: 164 (Sarangoon).

Acentrogobius cyanomos – Fowler, 1938: 211 (Serangoon); Koumans, 1953: 64–65 ( Singapore); Gomez, 1980: 95 ( Singapore); Tan & Yeo, 2003: 154 (Chek Jawa).

Aulopareia cyanomos – Lim & Larson, 1994: 258 ( Singapore).

Acentrogobius sp. – Chua, 2002: 108 (Chek Jawa); Larson & Lim, 2005: 58 ( Singapore).

ZRC material from: Pulau Hantu, West Coast Park, Sembawang beach, Sungei Simpang, Pasir Ris, Pulau Ubin, Changi Point.

Acentrogobius gracilis (Bleeker)

Ctenogobius gracilis Bleeker, 1875b: 127 ( Singapore) ; Koumans, 1953: 178 ( Singapore); Chua, 1973: 526 (Ponggol Estuary).

Ctenogobius caninus – Fowler, 1938: 215 (in part; Singapore).

Amoya gracilis – Lim & Larson, 1994: 258 ( Singapore); Anonymous, 2003: 94 (Sungei Buloh).

Acentrogobius gracilis – Larson & Lim, 2005: 59 (Sungei Simpang).

ZRC material from: Siglap canal, Lim Chu Kang mangroves, Sungei

Buloh, Sembawang beach, Sungei Simpang, Sungei Seletar, Sungei

Punggol, Pasir Ris, Pulau Ubin.

Acentrogobius janthinopterus (Bleeker)

Gobius janthinopterus Bleeker, 1852b: 702 (Wahia, Ceram) .

Creisson validus – Herre & Myers, 1937: 40 (reef at Singapore); Tweedie, 1940: 74 (Kranji); Herre, 1940b: 51 (Kranji River).

Acentrogobius janthinopterus – Koumans, 1953: 59–60 ( Singapore); – Gomez, 1980: 95 ( Singapore); Lim & Larson, 1994: 258 ( Singapore); Anonymous, 2003: 94 (Sungei Buloh); Larson & Lim, 2005: 60 ( Singapore).

ZRC material from: Sungei Pandan, Sungei Tengeh, Sungei Berih,

Sungei Poyan, Pulau Buloh, Sungei Buloh, Sungei Kranji, Sungei

Sawa, Sungei Kangkar, Sungei Mandai, Sungei Sembawang, Sungei

Simpang, Khatib Bongsu, Seletar Dam, Pulau Seletar, Sungei

Punggol, Sungei Serangoon, Pulau Ubin, Changi beach.

Acentrogobius madraspatensis (Day)

Gobius madraspatensis Day, 1868: 152 (Madras, India).

Ctenogobius grammatogaster Bleeker, 1875b: 124 ( Singapore) ; Koumans, 1953: 180–181 ( Singapore).

Ctenogobius notophthalmus Bleeker, 1875b: 126 ( Singapore) ; Fowler, 1938: 215 ( Singapore); Koumans, 1953: 181–182 ( Singapore).

Ctenogobius caninus – Fowler, 1938: 215 (in part; Singapore).

Acentrogobius madraspatensis – Lim & Larson, 1994: 258 ( Singapore reef flats); Larson & Lim, 2005: 61 ( Singapore).

ZRC material from: Pulau Semakau, Pulau Hantu.

Remarks: The female of this sexually dimorphic species was described by Bleeker as C. grammatogaster , and the male as C. notophthalmus .

Acentrogobius moloanus (Herre)

Aparrius moloanus Herre, 1927: 207 , Pl. 16, Fig. 3 (Molo, Iloilo Province, Panay, Philippines); Herre & Myers, 1937: 45 (a Singapore reef).

Amoya moloanus – Lim & Larson, 1994: 258 ( Singapore).

Acentrogobius moloanus – Larson & Lim, 2005: 62 ( Singapore).

ZRC material from: Pulau Semakau, Sarimbun mangroves.

Acentrogobius nebulosus (Forsskål)

Gobius nebulosus Forsskål, 1775: 24 (Red Sea) .

Gobius criniger – Karoli, 1882: 164 (Sarangoon [= Serangoon]). Bleeker, 1859–60b, c: 238, 449 ( Singapore); Bleeker, 1861: 56 ( Singapore).

Ctenogobius criniger – Herre & Myers, 1937: 43 (reef in Singapore Harbour); Koumans, 1953: 178–180 ( Singapore); Tham, 1973: 218; Chua, 1973: 526 (Ponggol Estuary).

Ctenogobius nebulosus Fowler, 1938: 215 ( Singapore) .

Yongeichthys nebulosus – Lim & Larson, 1994: 261 ( Singapore); Lim & Low, 1998: 137 (Labrador Beach); Chua, 2002: 109 (Chek Jawa); Tan & Yeo, 2003: 154 (Chek Jawa).

Acentrogobius nebulosus – Larson & Lim, 2005: 63 (Labrador Beach).

ZRC material from: Kallang basin, Pulau Seringat, Labrador Beach,

Pulau Semakau, Pulau Hantu, West Coast Park, Sungei Buloh, Kranji mangroves, Sungei Mandai, Sungei Sembawang, Sungei Simpang,

Sungei Punggol, Pasir Ris, Pulau Ubin, Pulau Sekudu, Changi Point.

Acentrogobius viridipunctatus (Valenciennes)

Gobius viridipunctatus Valenciennes, 1837: 62 ( Bombay, India).

Gobius chlorostigma – Bleeker, 1852a: 53, 58 ( Singapore); Bleeker, 1861: 56 ( Singapore).

Ctenogobius viridipunctatus – Herre & Myers, 1937: 43 (reef at Singapore); Fowler, 1938: 215 ( Singapore).

Acentrogobius viridipunctatus – Koumans, 1953: 56–57 ( Singapore); Gomez, 1980: 95 ( Singapore); Lim & Larson, 1994: 258 ( Singapore); Anonymous, 2003: 94 (Sungei Buloh); Larson & Lim, 2005: 64 (Sungei Buloh).

ZRC material from: Siglap canal, Sungei Tuas, Sungei Tengeh,

Sungei Poyan, Murai Reservoir, Sungei Buloh, Sungei Kranji,

Sungei Sawa, Sungei Kangkar, Sungei Sembawang, Sungei Simpang, Sungei Seletar, Pulau Seletar, Sungei Punggol, Sungei Serangoon, Pasir Ris, Changi Point, Johor Straits off Pulau Tekong.

Amblyeleotris fontanesii (Bleeker)

Gobius fontanesii Bleeker, 1852e: 764 (Bulucumba, Celebes).

Cryptocentrus fontanesii – Tweedie, 1940: 74 (Sultan Shoal, near Singapore); Herre, 1940b: 51 (a reef near Singapore); Koumans, 1953: 89–90 ( Singapore).

Amblyeleotris fontanesii – Lim & Larson, 1994: 258 ( Singapore); Larson & Lim, 2005: 65 ( Singapore).

ZRC material from: Sister’s Island, Pulau Hantu, Sultan Shoal.

Amblyeleotris gymnocephala (Bleeker) Gobius gymnocephalus Bleeker, 1853b: 473 (Java [as Batavia]). Amblyeleotris gymnocephala – Lim & Larson, 1994: 258

( Singapore); Lim & Low, 1998: 136 (Pulau Hantu); Anonymous,

2003: 94 (Sungei Buloh); Larson & Lim, 2005: 66 ( Singapore). ZRC material from: Pulau Hantu, Sungei Buloh.

Amblyeleotris periophthalma (Bleeker)

Eleotris periophthalmus Bleeker, 1853b: 477 (Java) .

Remarks: This species is identified from a photograph taken at a reef off Pulau Hantu on 23 Jan.2006 by Jani Thuaibah Isa Tanzil ( Fig. 3 ). A new Singapore record.

Amblyogobius decussatus (Bleeker)

Gobius decussatus Bleeker, 1855c: 442 (Manado, Celebes).

Amblygobius decussatus – Herre & Myers, 1937: 46 ( Singapore); Lim & Larson, 1994: 258 ( Singapore).

Remarks: No recent material from Singapore observed apart from a photograph taken at Pulau Hantu on 10 September 2006 by Jeffrey

Low.

Amblygobius phalaena (Valenciennes)

Gobius phalaena Valenciennes, 1837: 92 (Vanikolo) .

Amblygobius phalaena – Herre & Myers, 1937: 46 ( Singapore); Lim & Larson, 1994: 258 ( Singapore).

Remarks: No recent material from Singapore observed.

Amblygobius sphynx (Valenciennes)

Gobius sphynx Valenciennes, 1837: 93 (New Guinea).

Gobius sphinx – Karoli, 1882: 165 (Selita [= Seletar]).

Amblygobius sphynx – Fowler, 1938: 212 (Seletar); Koumans, 1953: 143–144 ( Singapore); Lim & Larson, 1994: 258 ( Singapore).

Remarks: No recent material from Singapore observed.

Amblygobius stethophthalmus (Bleeker)

Gobius stethophthalmus Bleeker, 1851b: 248 , Pl. 1, Fig. 8 (Anjer, Java).

Gobius bynoensis (non-Richardson) – Steindachner, 1870: 563 ( Singapore).

Gobius stethophthalmus – Bleeker, 1858: 242 ( Singapore); Bleeker, 1861: 56 ( Singapore).

Amblygobius bynoensis (non-Richardson) – Tweedie, 1936: 28 (Pulau Brani, Singapore); Herre & Myers, 1937: 46 ( Singapore); Fowler, 1938: 212, 266 ( Singapore); Koumans, 1953: 139–141 ( Singapore); Lim & Larson, 1994: 258 ( Singapore); Lim & Low, 1998: 134 (Raffles lighthouse); Tan & Yeo, 2003: 153 (Chek Jawa).

Amblygobius sphynx (non-Valenciennes) – Khoo & Tay, 1990: 74 ( Singapore).

Amblygobius stethophthalmus – Larson & Lim, 2005: 67 (Salu Island).

ZRC material from: Pulau Brani, Sentosa, Pulau Seringat, Pulau

Semakau, Pulau Hantu, Pulau Salu, Raffles Lighthouse, Punggol,

Coney Island, Berting Bronok.

Remarks: This species has been referred to as A. bynoensis (described from north-western Australia), but the two species differ in colour pattern and possibly other features also. Further study is required.

Arcygobius baliurus (Valenciennes)

Gobius baliurus Valenciennes, 1837: 61 (Java) ; Bleeker, 1861: 32, 56 ( Singapore); Karoli, 1882: 164 ( Singapore).

Gobius atherinoides Peters, 1855: 445–446 ( Mozambique) .

Gnatholepis calliurus – Herre & Myers, 1937: 39 ( Singapore); Koumans, 1953: 170–171 ( Singapore).

Gnatholepis baliurus – Fowler, 1938: 216 ( Singapore); Koumans, 1953: 169–170 ( Singapore); Lim & Larson, 1994: 259 ( Singapore).

Arcygobius baliurus – Larson & Wright, 2003: 131 (Kallang Basin, Pulau Ubin, Sungei Seletar, Sungei Punggol); Larson & Lim, 2005: 69 (eastern Johor Straits) .

ZRC material from: Kallang basin, Sungei Simpang, Sungei Seletar,

Sungei Punggol, Pulau Ubin.

Asterropteryx semipunctata Rüppell Asterropteryx semipunctatus Rüppell, 1830: 138 , Pl. 34, Fig. 4

(Massaua, Red Sea); Herre & Myers, 1937: 38 ( Singapore); Lim

& Larson, 1994: 258 ( Singapore); Larson & Lim, 2005: 70. Remarks: No recent material from Singapore observed.

Aulopareia unicolor (Valenciennes)

Gobius unicolor Valenciennes, 1837: 88 (Java) .

Gobius phaiomelas – Bleeker, 1861: 32, 56 ( Singapore); Fowler, 1938: 218 ( Singapore).

Acentrogobius chlorostigmatoides – Koumans, 1953: 58–59 ( Singapore); Gomez, 1980: 95 ( Singapore).

Aulopareia unicolor – Lim & Larson, 1994: 258 ( Singapore).

Remarks: No recent material from Singapore observed.

Bathygobius fuscus (Rüppell, 1830)

Gobius fuscus Rüppell, 1830: 137 (Red Sea) .

Bathygobius fuscus – Tweedie, 1936: 28 (Pulau Brani, Singapore); Herre & Myers, 1937: 38 ( Singapore); Fowler, 1938: 266 (Pulau Brani, Singapore); Koumans, 1953: 190 (the whole Indo- Australian archipelago); Gomez, 1980: 95 ( Singapore); Lim & Larson, 1994: 258 ( Singapore); Lim & Low, 1998: 135 (Labrador Beach); Tan & Yeo, 2003: 154 (Chek Jawa); Larson & Lim, 2005: 71 ( Singapore).

ZRC material from: Pulau Brani, Sentosa, Pulau Seringat, St John’s

Island, Labrador Beach, Pulau Semakau, Pulau Hantu, Raffles

Lighthouse, Alligator Island, Pulau Salu, Pulau Sekudu, Berting

Bronok.

Bathygobius meggitti (Hora & Mukerji)

Ctenogobius meggitti Hora & Mukerji, 1936: 30 , Fig. 6 , Pl. 1, Figs. 3–4 (Maungmagan, Tavoy District, Burma).

Bathygobius meggitti – Lim & Larson, 1994: 258 ( Singapore rocky shores); Larson & Lim, 2005: 72 (Labrador Beach).

ZRC material from: Pulau Brani, Sentosa, Labrador beach.

Bryaninops amplus Larson Bryaninops amplus Larson, 1985: 66 , Figs. 5–6 (Lizard Island,

Queensland, Australia) – Lim & Larson, 1994: 258 (Cyrene reefs

& off Sisters’ Island); Larson & Lim, 2005: 76 ( Singapore). Bryaninops yongei (non-Davis & Cohen) – Chua et al., 2003: 119

( Singapore). ZRC material from: Sisters’ Island, Pulau Hantu, Cyrene Reef, Berting Bronok.

Callogobius hasseltii (Bleeker)

Eleotris hasseltii Bleeker, 1851b: 253 , Pl. 1, Fig. 13 (Anjer, Java); Herre & Myers, 1937: 45 ( Singapore).

Callogobius hasseltii – Lim & Larson, 1994: 258 ( Singapore); Larson & Lim, 2005: 79 ( Singapore).

ZRC material from: Pulau Hantu.

Callogobius maculipinnis (Fowler)

Drombus maculipinnis Fowler, 1918: 69 , Fig. 27 ( Philippines). Callogobius maculipinnis – Larson & Lim, 2005: 80 ( Singapore). ZRC material from: Pulau Hantu.

Cryptocentroides insignis (Seale)

Amblygobius insignis Seale, 1910: 116 , Pl. 2, Fig. 1 (Bantayan Island, Philippines).

Cryptocentroides insignis – Lim & Larson, 1994: 258 (Labrador Beach); Larson & Lim, 2005: 81 (Salu Island).

ZRC material from: Labrador beach, Pulau Hantu.

Cryptocentrus caeruleomaculatus (Herre)

Mars caeruleomaculatus Herre, 1933: 22 (Jolo, Sulu Province, Philippines).

Mars caeruleomaculatus – Herre & Myers, 1937: 45 ( Singapore reef); Koumans, 1953: 21–22 ( Singapore).

Cryptocentrus caeruleomaculatus – Lim & Larson, 1994: 258 ( Singapore); Larson & Lim, 2005: 82 ( Singapore).

ZRC material from: Sentosa, Labrador beach, Raffles Lighthouse.

Cryptocentrus cinctus (Herre)

Smilogobius cinctus Herre, 1936a: 12 , Pl. 9 ( Singapore Harbour); Herre & Myers, 1937: 45 ( Singapore reef); Fowler, 1938: 267 (reef in Singapore Harbour); Koumans, 1953: 26 ( Singapore Harbour).

Cryptocentrus cinctus – Lim & Larson, 1994: 258 ( Singapore); Lim & Low, 1998: 136 ( Singapore); Chua et al., 2003: 124 ( Singapore); Larson & Lim, 2005: 83 (Salu Island).

Remarks: No recent material collected from Singapore.

Cryptocentrus leptocephalus Bleeker

Cryptocentrus leptocephalus Bleeker, 1876: 146 ( Singapore) ; Fowler, 1938: 214 ( Singapore); Koumans, 1953: 85–86 ( Singapore); Lim & Larson, 1994: 259 ( Singapore); Larson & Lim, 2005: 85 ( Singapore).

Smilogobius singapurensis Herre, 1936a: 13 ( Singapore Harbour); Herre & Myers, 1937: 45 (reef in Singapore) Fowler, 1938: 267 (reef in Singapore Harbour); Koumans, 1953: 26–27 ( Singapore); Khoo & Tay, 1990: 74 ( Singapore).

ZRC material from: Pulau Semakau, Pulau Salu, Punggol.

Cryptocentrus maudae Fowler Cryptocentrus maudae Fowler, 1937: 254 , Fig. 283 (Bangkok,

Thailand) – Lim & Larson, 1994: 259 ( Singapore); Larson &

Lim, 2005: 86 (Salu Island). ZRC material from: Sentosa, Labrador beach.

Cryptocentrus melanopus (Bleeker)

Gobius melanopus Bleeker, 1859 –60c: 449, 456 ( Singapore); Bleeker, 1861: 56 ( Singapore); Fowler, 1938: 218 ( Singapore); Koumans, 1953: 383.

Cryptocentrus melanopus – Lim & Larson, 1994: 259 ( Singapore).

Remarks: This is probably a synonym of C. leptocephalus .

Cryptocentrus pavoninoides (Bleeker)

Gobius pavoninoides Bleeker, 1849: 33 (Sumanap, Madurae orientalis); Bleeker, 1859–60b,c: 238, 450 ( Singapore); Bleeker, 1861: 56 ( Singapore); Fowler, 1938: 218 ( Singapore).

Cryptocentrus pavoninoides – Koumans, 1953: 83–84 ( Singapore); Lim & Larson, 1994: 259 ( Singapore); Larson & Lim, 2005: 87 (Sungei Punggol).

ZRC material from: Sungei Punggol.

Cryptocentrus russus (Cantor)

Gobius russus Cantor, 1850: 1168 (Sea of Penang).

Gobius voigti – Bleeker 1959–60b, c: 238, 450 ( Singapore); Bleeker, 1861: 56 ( Singapore).

Cryptocentrus polyopthalmus – Fowler, 1938: 214 ( Singapore).

Cryptocentrus russus – Koumans, 1953: 88–89 ( Singapore); Lim & Larson, 1994: 259 ( Singapore).

Remarks: No recent material from Singapore observed. This species does not belong in Cryptocentrus ; work is underway by Koichi

Shibukawa (National Science Museum, Tokyo).

Cryptocentrus strigilliceps ( Jordan & Seale)

Mars strigilliceps Jordan & Seale, 1906: 408, Fig. 95 (Apia, Upolu Island, Western Samoa).

Remarks: New record for Singapore based on an individual photographed on a reef off Pulau Hantu on 19 February 2006 by

Jani Thuaibah Isa Tanzil ( Fig. 4 ).

Cryptocentrus cyanotaenia (Bleeker)

Gobius cyanotaenia Bleeker, 1853b: 475 (Batavia) .

Cryptocentrus cyanotaenia – Lim & Larson, 1994: 258 ( Singapore); Larson & Lim, 2005: 84 ( Singapore).

ZRC material from: Pulau Retan Laut, Punggol.

Remarks: Photographed at Pulau Hantu by Debby Ng.

Cryptocentrus inexplicatus (Herre)

Smilogobius inexplicatus Herre, 1934b: 88 (Sitankai, Sulu Province, Philippines).

Remarks: New record for Singapore, based on a specimen (BPBM

21880, Fig. 4 ) taken at Pulau Salu on 29 Jul.1977 by J. E. Randall. Cryptocentrus new species 1

Remarks: New record for Singapore based on six examples of an undescribed species, collected and photographed by J. E. Randall at Pulau Salu on 11 Aug.1977 ( Fig. 6 ), and lodged at the Bishop Museum in Hawaii (BPBM 22047, BPBM 22048). The species is referred to as Cryptocentrus sp. 2 in Masuda and Kobayashi (1994: 362, Fig. 7 ).

Cryptocentrus new species 2

Remarks: New record for Singapore based on an individual photographed on a reef off Pulau Hantu on 19 Feb.2006 by Jani Thuaibah Isa Tanzil ( Fig. 7 ). This undescribed species is referred to as Cryptocentrus sp. A in Senou et al. (2004) and as Cryptocentrus sp. 2 in Kuiter & Tonozuka (2001).

Drombus globiceps (Hora)

Ctenogobius globiceps Hora, 1923: 744 , Figs. 24, 25 (off Samal Island, Rambha Bay, Satpara, between Cherriakuda and the mainland, Serua Nadi, Mahosa on Barhampur Island, off Balugaon, off Nalbano, off Barkul bungalow, south of Kalidai, Chilka Lake, India).

Ctenogobius kranjiensis Herre, 1940a: 22 , Pl. 17 (Kranji) – Tweedie, 1940: 74 (Kranji).

? Acentrogobius globiceps – Koumans, 1953: 75–76 ( Singapore).

Acentrogobius globiceps – Gomez, 1980: 95 ( Singapore).

Drombus globiceps – Anonymous, 2003: 94 (Sungei Buloh); Larson & Lim, 2005: 89 ( Singapore).

ZRC material from: Singapore River, West Coast Park, Sungei Buloh, Kranji mangroves, Sungei Kranji, Sungei Sawa, Mandai mangroves, Sungei Simpang, Khatib Bongsu, Sungei Seletar, Seletar Wet Gap, Pasir Ris.

Remarks: This species has previously been confused with Drombus ocyurus .

Drombus ocyurus ( Jordan & Seale)

Rhinogobius ocyurus Jordan & Seale, 1907: 42, Fig. 14 (Cavite, Philippines).

Quisquilius malayanus Herre, 1936a: 11 (Pulau Ubin, near Singapore); Herre & Myers, 1937: 45 (Pulau Ubin); Fowler, 1938: 267 (Pulau Ubin near Singapore); Koumans, 1953: 132 (Pulu Ubin).

Drombus ocyurus – Lim & Larson, 1994: 259 ( Singapore); Anonymous, 2003: 94 (Sungei Buloh); Larson & Lim, 2005: 90 (Kallang basin).

ZRC material from: Singapore River, Kallang basin, Pulau Ubin.

Remarks: This species has been confused with Drombus globiceps .

Drombus triangularis (Weber)

Gobius triangularis Weber, 1909: 150 ( Ambon) .

? Acentrogobius oligactis Bleeker, 1875b: 132 ( Singapore) ; Fowler, 1938: 211 ( Singapore); Koumans, 1953: 63–64 ( Singapore).

? Ctenogobius bleekeri – Herre & Myers, 1937: 43 (reef at Singapore); Koumans, 1953: 385 ( Singapore).

Ctenogobius triangularis – Herre & Myers, 1937: 43 (reef at Singapore).

Lophogobius bleekeri (non-Popta) – Lim & Larson, 1994: 259 ( Singapore).

Drombus triangularis – Lim & Larson, 1994: 259 ( Singapore); Lim & Low, 1998: 137 (Changi); Chua, 2002: 109 (Chek Jawa); Tan & Yeo, 2003: 154 (Chek Jawa); Larson & Lim, 2005: 91 ( Singapore).

ZRC material from: Sentosa, Pulau Seringat, Labrador beach, Pulau Semakau, Pulau Hantu, Pulau Retan Laut, West Coast Park, Pulau Salu, Sembawang, Sungei Simpang, Sungei Seletar, Sungei Punggol, Pasir Ris, Pulau Ubin, Pulau Sekudu, Changi Point, Berting Bronok. Remarks: The syntypes of Bleeker’s Acentrogobius oligactis are in poor condition; two of them represent a species of Drombus . Herre and Myers’ record of Ctenogobius bleekeri could be Drombus or Acentrogobius (based on fin ray and scale counts).

Eviota queenslandica Whitley

Eviota viridis queenslandica Whitley, 1932: 301 (Batt Reef near Low Islands, Queensland, Australia).

? Eviota distigma – Herre & Myers, 1937: 43 ( Singapore reef); Koumans, 1953: 319–320 ( Singapore).

Eviota queenslandica – Lachner & Karnella, 1980: 87 (Pulau Sudong, Singapore); Lim & Larson, 1994: 259 ( Singapore); Larson & Lim, 2005: 92 (Berting Bronok).

ZRC material from: Sentosa, Pulau Seringat, Berting Bronok.

Eviota storthynx Rofen

Eviotops storthynx Rofen, 1959: 237 , Figs. 1–3 (Bungau, Sulu Province, Philippines).

Eviota storthynx – Lim & Larson, 1994: 259 (Sentosa Island); Larson & Lim, 2005: 93 ( Singapore).

ZRC material from: Pulau Hantu, on the coral Euphyllia pelteata .

Exyrias belissimus (Smith)

Acentrogobius belissimus Smith, 1959: 202 , Pl. 11A (Pinda, Mozambique).

Exyrias bellissimus – Murdy, 1985: 8 ( Singapore); Lim & Larson, 1994: 259 ( Singapore); Chua et al., 2003: 125 ( Singapore); Larson & Lim, 2005: 94 ( Singapore).

ZRC material from: Pulau Hantu, Terumbu Pempang Laut, Raffles

Lighthouse.

Exyrias puntang (Bleeker)

Gobius puntang Bleeker, 1851e: 486 (Rio [or Riouw], Indonesia); Bleeker 1861: 32 ( Singapore).

Gobius puntangoides – Bleeker, 1858: 242 ( Singapore); Bleeker, 1861: 56 ( Singapore); Steindachner, 1870: 563 ( Singapore).

Gnatholepis puntangoides – Herre & Myers, 1937: 40 ( Singapore).

Acentrogobius puntangoides – Fowler, 1938: 211 ( Singapore).

Acentrogobius puntang – Koumans, 1953: 66–67 ( Singapore); Gomez,1980: 95 ( Singapore).

Exyrias puntang – Murdy, 1985: 11 ( Singapore); Lim & Larson, 1994: 259 ( Singapore); Lim & Low, 1998: 138 (Pulau Hantu); Larson & Lim, 2005: 95 (Kallang basin).

ZRC material from: Siglap canal, Kallang basin, Pulau Hantu, West

Coast Park, Sungei Tuas, Sungei Tengeh, Sungei Kranji, Sungei

Sawa, Sungei Kangkar, Sungei Seletar, Pulau Seletar, Punggol,

Pulau Ubin, Sungei Changi.

Favonigobius melanobranchus (Fowler)

Rhinogobius melanobranchus Fowler, 1934: 82 , Figs 24–25 (Den Pasar, Bali, Indonesia).

Favonigobius melanobranchus – Lim & Larson, 1994: 259 (Changi Beach; Pulau Hantu); Larson & Lim, 2005: 96 ( Singapore).

ZRC material from: Pulau Semakau, Pulau Hantu, Pulau Ubin, Pulau

Sekudu, Changi Point.

Favonigobius opalescens (Herre)

Ctenogobius opalescens Herre, 1936a: 15 , Pl. 11 ( Singapore, Malay Peninsula); Herre & Myers, 1937: 43 ( Singapore); Fowler, 1938: 266 (reef at Singapore).

Favonigobius opalescens – Lim & Larson, 1994: 259 ( Singapore); Larson & Lim, 2005: 97 ( Singapore).

ZRC material from: Pulau Semakau, Pulau Hantu, Raffles

Lighthouse.

Favonigobius reichei (Bleeker)

Gobius reichei Bleeker, 1853d: 509 (Padang, Sumatra).

Ctenogobius cylindricus Bleeker, 1875b: 129 ( Singapore) ; Koumans, 1953: 182–183 ( Singapore).

Aboma aliciae Herre, 1936a: 10 ( Singapore Harbour); Herre & Myers, 1937: 45 (reef in Singapore Harbour); Fowler, 1938: 266 (reef in Singapore Harbour).

Ctenogobius caninus – Fowler, 1938: 215 (in part; Singapore).

Acentrogobius reichei – Koumans, 1953: 77–78 ( Singapore); Gomez, 1980: 95 ( Singapore).

Favonigobius reichei – Lim & Larson, 1994: 259 ( Singapore); Larson & Lim, 2005: 98 ( Singapore).

Papillogobius reichei – Chua, 2002: 109 (Chek Jawa).

ZRC material from: Pulau Semakau, Pulau Hantu, West Coast Park,

Sungei Seletar, Pasir Ris, Pulau Ubin, Changi Point, Berting Bronok.

Glossogobius aureus Akihito & Meguro

Glossogobius aureus Akihito & Meguro, 1975: 128 , Figs 1–2 (Sumiyoshi, Iriomotejima, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan); Lim & Larson, 194: 259 ( Singapore); Lim & Low, 1998: 140 ( Singapore); Anonymous, 2003: 94 (Sungei Buloh); Larson & Lim, 2005: 99 (Sungei Buloh).

ZRC material from: Singapore River, Sungei Berih, Sungei Kranji,

Sungei Sawa, Sungei Simpang, Seletar Island, Punggol, Changi beach.

Glossogobius circumspectus (Macleay)

Gobius circumspectus Macleay, 1883: 267 (Milne Bay, New Guinea).

Glossogobius circumspectus – Lim & Larson, 1994: 259 (Sungei Seletar); Larson & Lim, 2005: 100 ( Singapore).

ZRC material from: Sungei Seletar, Pulau Seletar, Changi beach.

Glossogobius giuris (Hamilton)

Gobius giuris Hamilton, 1822: 51 , 366, Pl. 33, Fig. 15 (Gangetic River region, India); Martens, 1876: 391 ( Singapore & Manila); Karoli, 1882: 164 (Sarangoon).

Gobius kokius – Bleeker, 1859–60b, c: 238, 449 ( Singapore); Bleeker, 1861: 56 ( Singapore).

Gobius spectabilis – Karoli, 1882: 165 ( Singapore).

Glossogobius giuris – Herre & Myers, 1937: 42 ( Singapore); Fowler, 1938: 215–216 ( Singapore); Johnson, 1973b: 133 ( Singapore); Gomez, 1980: 95 ( Singapore); Lim & Larson, 1994: 259 ( Singapore); Larson & Lim, 2005: 101 ( Singapore).

? Gobius koku – Gomez, 1980: 95 ( Singapore).

ZRC material from: West Coast Park, Sungei Kranji, Sungei Seletar,

Pulau Tekong.

Glossogobius sparsipapillus Akihito & Meguro

Glossogobius sparsipapillus Akihito & Meguro, 1976: 9 , Figs 1– 2 (Branch of Can Tho River, vicinity of Can Tho City, Vietnam); Lim & Larson, 1994: 259 (Sungei Seletar); Larson & Lim, 2005: 102 (Simpang).

ZRC material from: Sungei Buloh, Sungei Simpang, Sungei Seletar,

Pasir Ris.

Gobiodon sp. 11

Gobiodon sp. 11 – Larson & Lim, 2005: 105 ( Singapore).

ZRC material from: Terumbu Pempang Laut, on the coral Acropora subulata .

Remarks: This represents an undescribed species currently being studied by Doug Hoese (Australian Museum, Sydney).

Gobiodon albofasciatus Sawada & Arai Gobiodon albofasciatus Sawada & Arai, 1972: 416 , Figs. 3–6

(Kabira, Ishigaki Island, Japan); Lim & Larson, 1994: 259

( Singapore); Larson & Lim, 2005: 103 ( Singapore). ZRC material from: Pulau Hantu.

Gobiodon citrinus (Rüppell)

Gobius citrinus Rüppell, 1838: 139 , Fig. 4 (Red Sea).

Gobiodon citrinus – Debelius, 2001: 207 ( Singapore).

Remarks: Record based on the photograph in Debelius (2001: 207), stated as having been taken in Singapore.

Gobiodon fulvus Herre

Gobiodon fulvus Herre, 1927: 292 (Calapan, Mindoro) ; Herre, 1940b: 51 (a Singapore reef).

Remarks: No recent material of this species from Singapore.

Gobiodon histrio (Valenciennes)

Gobius histrio Valenciennes, 1837: 132 (Bantam and Tongatabou Isle) .

Gobiodon histrio – Martens 1876: 392 ( Singapore and Zamboanga); Lim & Larson 1994: 259 ( Singapore); Lim & Low 1998: 134 ( Singapore); Larson & Lim 2005: 104.

Gobiodon erythrospilus – Koumans 1953: 9 ( Singapore).

ZRC material from: Pulau Seringat, Kusu Island, Pulau Hantu,

Berting Bemban Laut, Terumbu Pempang Laut, Raffles Lighthouse.

Gobiodon micropus Günther

Gobiodon micropus Günther, 1861: 89 ( China Seas);Karoli, 1882: 166 ( Singapore); Fowler, 1938: 216 ( Singapore).

Remarks: No recent material of this species from Singapore.

Gobiopsis macrostoma (Steindachner)

Gobiopsis macrostomus Steindachner, 1861: 291 , Fig. 6 ( Bombay, India).

Gobiopsis macrostoma – Larson & Lim, 2005: 106 (Berting Bronok).

ZRC material from: Kallang basin, Berting Bronok.

“ Gobius ” bontii Bleeker

Gobius bontii Bleeker, 1849: 27 (Freto Madurae prope Surabaya et Kammal) – Martens, 1876: 391 ( Singapore); Fowler, 1938: 217 ( Singapore).

Remarks: No recent material of this species from Singapore. The holotype of this species is in poor condition and may represent an undescribed genus (D. Hoese, pers. comm.). Martens’ material has not been examined (Fowler’s reference is based on Martens, 1876).

Istigobius decoratus (Herre)

Rhinogobius decoratus Herre, 1927: 181 , Pl. 13, Fig. 3 (Leyte, Philippines).

Ctenogobius decoratus – Herre, 1940b: 51 ( Singapore).

Acentrogobius decoratus – Koumans, 1953: 74–75 ( Singapore).

Istigobius decoratus – Lim & Larson, 1994: 259 ( Singapore); Larson & Lim, 2005: 111 ( Singapore).

Remarks: No recent material of this species observed in Singapore.

Istigobius diadema (Steindachner)

Gobius diadema Steindachner, 1877: 232 ( Hong Kong).

Istigobius diadema – Lim & Larson, 1994: 259 ( Singapore); Larson & Lim, 2005: 112 (Sarimbun).

ZRC material from: Sungei Tengeh, Sarimbun mangroves, Sungei

Punggol, Marina Bay.

Istigobius goldmanni (Bleeker)

Gobius goldmanni Bleeker, 1852f: 167 (Timor, Kupang) .

Istigobius goldmanni – Lim & Larson, 1994: 259 ( Singapore); Larson & Lim, 2005: 113 ( Singapore).

ZRC material from: Sentosa, Pulau Seringat, Pulau Semakau, Pulau

Hantu, Raffles Lighthouse, Berting Bronok.

Istigobius ornatus (Rüppell)

Gobius ornatus Rüppell, 1830: 135 (Massaua, Red Sea) ; Fowler, 1932: 448 ( Singapore); Herre & Myers, 1937: 38 ( Singapore); Fowler, 1938: 218 ( Singapore).

Gobius periophthalmoides – Bleeker, 1861: 32, 56 ( Singapore).

Gobius elegans – Karoli, 1882: 164 (Changi River); Fowler, 1938: 217 ( Singapore).

Acentrogobius ornatus – Tweedie, 1936: 28 (Pulau Brani, Singapore); Fowler, 1938: 267 (Pulau Brani, Singapore); Koumans, 1953: 71–73 ( Singapore); Gomez, 1980: 95 ( Singapore).

Ctenogobius calderae – Herre & Myers, 1937: 43 (reefs in Singapore Harbour).

Istigobius ornatus – Murdy & Hoese, 1985: 11 ( Singapore); Lim & Larson, 1994: 259 ( Singapore); Lim & Low, 1998: 135 (Pulau Seringat); Chua, 2002: 109 (Chek Jawa); Tan & Yeo, 2003: 154 (Chek Jawa); Larson & Lim, 2005: 114 (Salu Island).

ZRC material from: Pulau Brani, Sentosa, Pulau Seringat, St John’s

Island, Labrador Beach, Pulau Semakau, Pulau Hantu, Raffles

Lighthouse, West Coast Park, Pulau Ubin, Pulau Sekudu, Changi

Point.

Macrodontogobius wilburi Herre

Macrodontogobius wilburi Herre, 1936b: 279 , Pl. 1, Fig. 2 (Goror Reef, Pelew Islands [= Belau]); Murdy, 1985: 12 ( Singapore Harbour); Lim & Larson, 1994: 259 ( Singapore); Larson & Lim, 2005: 115 (Pulau Hantu).

Gnatholepis hendersoni Herre, 1936a: 7 ( Singapore) ; Herre & Myers, 1937: 39 ( Singapore); Fowler, 1938: 266 (reef in Singapore Harbour).

Acentrogobius hendersoni – Koumans, 1953: 68 ( Singapore).

Acentrogobius henderson – Chua, 1973: 526 (Ponggol Estuary).

ZRC material from: Pulau Hantu.

Mahidolia mystacina (Valenciennes)

Gobius mystacinus Valenciennes, 1837: 124 (Java) .

Mahidolia mystacina – Larson & Lim, 2005: 116 (Pulau Ubin). ZRC material from: Pulau Ubin.

Myersina filifer (Valenciennes)

Gobius filifer Valenciennes, 1837: 106 (Mer des Indes) .

Gobius sp. aff. knuttelii – Duncker, 1905: 160 ( Singapore harbour).

Cryptocentrus filifer – Fowler, 1938: 214 ( Singapore); Koumans, 1953: 86–89 ( Singapore); Lim & Larson, 1994: 258 ( Singapore).

Remarks: No recent material from Singapore observed.

Myersina macrostoma Herre

Myersina macrostoma Herre, 1934b: 90 (Culion Harbour, Philippines); Lim & Larson, 1994: 260 ( Singapore); Larson & Lim, 2005: 122 (Simpang).

ZRC material from: Sungei Simpang, Punggol, Pasir Ris, Changi

Point.

Myersina nigrivirgata Akihito & Meguro

Myersina nigrivirgata Akihito & Meguro, 1983: 343 , Fig. 1 (Amitori Bay, Iriomotejima, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan).

Remarks: New record for Singapore based on an individual photographed on a reef off Pulau Hantu on 19 Feb.2006 by Jani

Thuaibah Isa Tanzil ( Fig. 8 ).

Oplopomops diacanthus (Schultz)

Oplopomus diacanthus Schultz, 1943: 229 , 242, Fig. 22 (Canton Island).

ZRC material from: Raffles Lighthouse (ZRC 50327).

Remarks: First record for Singapore.

Oplopomus oplopomus (Valenciennes)

Gobius oplopomus Valenciennes, 1837: 66 (Massuah, Red Sea) ; Koumans, 1953: 30 ( Singapore).

Oplopomus oplopomus – Lim & Larson, 1994: 260 ( Singapore); Larson & Lim, 2005: 123 ( Singapore).

ZRC material from: Changi.

Palutrus scapulopunctatus (Beaufort)

Gobius (Rhinogobius) scapulopunctatus Beaufort, 1912: 137 (Saonek, Waigeu) .

Ctenogobius scapulo-punctatus – Herre & Myers, 1937: 43 ( Singapore).

Palutrus scapulopunctatus – Lim & Larson, 1994: 260 ( Singapore).

Remarks: No recent material of this species observed in Singapore.

Paragobiodon echinocephalus (Rüppell)

Gobius echinocephalus Rüppell, 1830: 136 , Pl. 34, Fig. 3 (Massaua, Red Sea).

Paragobiodon echinocephalus – Lim & Larson, 1994: 260 ( Singapore Straits); Larson & Lim, 2005: 127 ( Singapore).

Remarks: This species is known from Singapore only by a photograph of a poorly-preserved fish taken in the late 1980s from the Singapore Straits by the Reef Ecology Study Team of the National University of Singapore ( Fig. 9 ). The specimen unfortunately cannot be located, and is believed to be lost.

Priolepis nuchifasciata (Günther)

Gobius nuchifasciatus Günther, 1873: 90 (Bowen, Queensland, Australia).

Priolepis nuchifasciatus – Winterbottom & Burridge, 1993: 507 ( Singapore); Lim & Larson, 1994: 260 ( Singapore).

Priolepis nuchifasciata – Larson & Lim, 2005: 135 (Berting Bronok).

ZRC material from: Sentosa, Pulau Semakau, Pulau Hantu, Berting

Bronok.

Priolepis semidoliata (Valenciennes)

Gobius semidoliatus Valenciennes, 1837: 67 (Vanikolo) ; Herre & Myers, 1937: 45 ( Singapore reefs); Koumans, 1953: 149–150 ( Singapore).

Priolepis semidoliatus – Lim & Larson, 1994: 260 ( Singapore).

Priolepis semidoliata – Larson & Lim, 2005: 136 ( Singapore).

ZRC material from: Pulau Hantu.

Psammogobius biocellatus (Valenciennes)

Gobius biocellatus Valenciennes, 1837: 73 ( Pondichery, India).

Gobius eleotrioides – Bleeker, 1861: 32 ( Singapore); Fowler, 1938: 217 ( Singapore).

Gobius eleotriodes – Bleeker, 1861: 56 ( Singapore).

Glossogobius biocellatus – Herre & Myers, 1937: 42 (a Singapore reef); Koumans, 1953: 163165 ( Singapore); Gomez, 1980: 95 ( Singapore); Lim & Larson, 1994: 259 ( Singapore); Chua, 2002: 109 (Chek Jawa).

Psammogobius biocellatus – Larson & Lim, 2005: 137 (Changi).

ZRC material from: Singapore River, Pulau Hantu, Sungei Seletar,

Sungei Punggol, Pasir Ris, Changi beach.

Silhouettea cf. nuchipunctata (Herre)

Silhouettea cf. nuchipunctata – Larson & Lim, 2005: 148 ( Singapore).

ZRC material from: Pulau Ubin, Changi Point.

Remarks: It is not yet certain if this is an undescribed species.

Specimens of a similar goby were also collected from Peninsular

Malaysia in 2002 (pers. obs.).

Valenciennea muralis (Valenciennes)

Eleotris muralis Valenciennes, 1837: 253 (Tikopia, Santa Cruz Archipelago) .

Eleotriodes muralis – Bleeker, 1859–60b, c: 237, 450 ( Singapore); Bleeker, 1861: 57 ( Singapore); Koumans, 1953: 337–339 ( Singapore).

Valenciennesia muralis – Bleeker, 1877: 96–97 ( Singapore).

Valenciennea muralis – Herre & Myers, 1937: 38 (reefs near

Singapore); Fowler, 1938: 211 ( Singapore); Hoese & Larson,

1994: 37 ( Singapore); Lim & Larson, 1994: 261 ( Singapore);

Larson & Lim, 2005: 155 (Raffles Lighthouse). ZRC material from: Pulau Seringat, Raffles Lighthouse. Remarks: The presence of this species was confirmed by Hoese & Larson (1994) who examined material deposited in CAS & AMS.

Valenciennea strigata (Broussonet)

Gobius strigatus Broussonet, 1782: 1 (Tahiti) .

Eleotris strigata – Karoli, 1882: 168 ( Singapore).

Eleotriodes strigatus – Bleeker, 1861: 32, 57 ( Singapore); Koumans, 1953: 334–335 ( Singapore).

Valenciennesia strigata – Bleeker, 1877: 89–95 ( Singapore).

Valenciennea strigata – Fowler, 1938: 211 ( Singapore); Lim & Larson, 1994: 261 ( Singapore).

Remarks: No recent material of this species observed from

Singapore.

Figures

Fig. 3. Amblyeleotris periophthalma at Pulau Hantu. Photograph by Jani Thuaibah.

Fig. 8. Myersina nigrivirgata at Pulau Hantu. Photograph by Jani Thuaibah.

Fig. 4. Cryptocentrus inexplicatus (BPBM 21880 - 4.7 cm SL) from Pulau Salu, 29 Jul. 1977. Photgraph by J. E. Randall.

Fig. 6. Cryptocentrus new species 1 from Pulau Salu, 11 Aug.1977, BPBM 22048: a, 5.2 cm SL; b, 4.8 cm SL. Photograph by J. E. Randall.

Fig. 5. Cryptocentrus strigilliceps at Pulau Hantu. Photograph by Jani Thuaibah.

Fig. 1. Map showing Singapore and surrounding areas. Interrupted line represents the Singapore-Malaysia border. Inset is map of insular Southeast Asia with black rectangle indicating the position of Singapore. Pulau (island), Sungei (stream or river), Terumbu and Berting (reef). 1. Alligator Island (Pulau Pawai), 2. Bedok, 3. Bedok jetty, 4. Berting Bemban Laut, 5. Berting Bronok, 6. Botanic Gardens, 7. Changi beach, 8. Changi Point, 9. Coney Island (Pulau Serangoon), 10. Cyrene Reef (Terumbu Pandan), 11. Fort Road canal, 12. Geylang, 13. Kallang basin, 14. Khatib Bongsu, 15. Kranji mangroves, 16. Labrador beach, 17. Lim Chu Kang mangroves, 18. Lorong Banir, 19. Lower Peirce Reservoir, 20. Lower Seletar Reservoir, 21. Loyang mangroves, 22. MacRitchie Reservoir, 23. Mandai mangroves, 24. Mandai Road, 25. Murai Reservoir, 26. Nee Soon swamp-forest, 27. Pasir Panjang, 28. Pasir Ris, 29. Pulau Ayer Merbau, 30. Pulau Brani, 31. Pulau Buloh, 32. Pulau Hantu, 33. Pulau Retan Laut, 34. Pulau Sajahat, 35. Pulau Salu, 36. Pulau Sekudu, 37. Pulau Seletar, 38. Pulau Semakau, 39. Pulau Seringat, 40. Pulau Ubin, 41. Pulau Tekong, 42. Punggol, 43. Raffles Lighthouse, 44. Raffles Marina, 45. Sarimbun mangroves, 46. Seletar Dam, 47. Seletar Wet Gap, 48. Sembawang beach, 49. Sentosa, 50. Serangoon, 51. Siglap canal, 52. Sime Road forest, 53. Singapore River, 54. Sister’s Island, 55. St. John’s Island, 56. Sultan Shoal, 57. Sungei Berih (now part of Poyan Reservoir), 58. Sungei Buloh, 59. Sungei Changi, 60. Sungei Kallang, 61. Sungei Kangkar, 62. Sungei Kranji (now Kranji Reservoir), 63. Sungei Mandai, 64. Sungei Pandan, 65. Sungei Pinang, 66. Sungei Poyan (now Poyan Reservoir), 67. Sungei Punggol, 68. Sungei Sawa, 69. Sungei Seletar (now Lower Seletar Reservoir), 70. Sungei Sembawang, 71. Sungei Serangoon, 72. Sungei Simpang, 73. Sungei Tengeh (now Tengeh Reservoir), 74. Sungei Tuas, 75. Tengeh Reservoir, 77. Terumbu Pempang Laut, 78. Tuas basin, 79. Upper Seletar Reservoir, 80. West Coast Park, 81. Woodlands Road, 82. Woodleigh, 83. Yishun.

Fig. 7. Cryptocentrus new species 2 at Pulau Hantu. Photograph by Jani Thuaibah.

Fig. 2. Calamiana polylepis from Pasir Ris, ZRC 50569: a, 21 mm SL male; b, 21 mm SL female. Photographs by Tan Heok Hui.

Fig. 9. Paragobiodon echinocephalus from the Singapore Straits. Photograph courtesy of the Reef Ecology Study Team.