Amynthas gracilis ( Kinberg, 1867 )

Nguyen, Tung T., Nguyen, Anh D., Tran, Binh T. T. & Blakemore, Robert J., 2016, A comprehensive checklist of earthworm species and subspecies from Vietnam (Annelida: Clitellata: Oligochaeta: Almidae, Eudrilidae, Glossoscolecidae, Lumbricidae, Megascolecidae, Moniligastridae, Ocnerodrilidae, Octochaetidae), Zootaxa 4140 (1), pp. 1-92 : 30-31

Amynthas gracilis ( Kinberg, 1867)

Nitocris gracilis Kinberg, 1867: 102 ; Beddard 1895a: 402, as " species inquirenda "; Michaelsen 1900: 419, as " dubious species ".

Amynthas gracilis— Sims & Easton 1972: 235; Easton 1981: 50; Easton, 1982: 728; Shen & Yeo 2005: 21; Blakemore 2007a: 42; Blakemore 2008b.

Pheretima gracilis— Nakamura 1999: 38.

Perichaeta hawayana Rosa, 1891: 396 , Figs 7, 9.

Pheretima hawayana— Michaelsen 1900: 271; Gates 1972: 189, 217; Thai 1983: 125; Do 1994: 81; Le 1995a: 63; Nakamura 1999: 38; Thai 2000a: 309; Huynh & Nguyen 2004a: 115; Huynh 2005a: 113; Huynh et al. 2005: 180; Tran & Ngo 2008: 133; Tran & Tran 2010: 8.

Perichaeta bermudensis Beddard, 1892a: 160 , synonymized with Pheretima hawayana by Michaelsen (1900).

Perichaeta mandhorensis Michaelsen, 1892: 241 , Figs 18–19, synonymized with Pheretima hawayana by Gates (1972).

Type locality. Brazil (Rio de Janeiro).

Type material. Leiden Museum, Neitherland.

Records from Vietnam. Lao Cai (Pho Lu; Sa Pa; Pho Rang) ; Son La (Moc Chau) ; Hoa Binh (Hoa Binh; Mai Chau) ; Yen Bai (Yen Bai; Luc Yen; Yen Binh) ; Ha Giang (Quan Ba; Dong Van) ; Lang Son (Binh Gia; Bac Son; Dong Dang; Van Lang) ; Cao Bang (Thach An; Cao Bang; Ha Lang) ; Phu Tho (Doan Hung; Thanh Son) ; Vinh Phuc (Phong Chau; Tam Dao); Bac Can (Bac Can) ; Thai Nguyen (Phu Binh) ; Bac Giang (Luc Ngan; Tan Yen; Yen The; Khe Ro NR) ; Quang Ninh (Mong Cai) ; Hai Phong (Cat Ba Isl.; San Ho Isl. ) ; Hanoi (Ba Vi NP) ; Thanh Hoa (Ngoc Lac) ; Nghe An (Ky Son; Que Phong; Quy Chau) ; Gia Lai (Pleiku) ; Dak Lak (Ban Me Thuot) ; Lam Dong (Da Lat; Don Duong) (Do 1994; Le 1995a; Huynh & Nguyen 2004a; Huynh 2005a; Tran & Ngo 2008; Tran & Tran 2010).

Distribution. Cosmopolitan species, widely known in temperate and tropical regions. Sometimes, recorded with high density in garden in Brazil and Hawaii ( Gates 1972; Blakemore 2002, 2007a). Remarks. All reports of this species from Vietnam are under the name of its junior Perichaeta hawayana (= Pheretima hawayana ).