Trissolcus mitsukurii (Ashmead), 1893

Talamas, Elijah J., Buffington, Matthew L. & Hoelmer, Kim, 2017, Revision of Palearctic Trissolcus Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae), Journal of Hymenoptera Research 56, pp. 3-185 : 35-38

Trissolcus mitsukurii (Ashmead) Figures 7 , 107-108 , 109-111

Trissolcus rudus Lê syn. n.; http://bioguid.osu.edu/xbiod_concepts/3297; Morphbank35

Telenomus mitsukurii Ashmead, 1904: 72 (original description, keyed); Esaki, Hori, Hozawa, Ishii, Issiki, Kawada, Kawamura, Kinoshita, Kishida, Koidzumi, Kojima, Kuwana, Kuwayama, Marumo, Niijima, Oguma, Okamoto, Shinji, Shiraki, Takahashi, Uchida, Ueno, Yamada, Yano, Yokoyama & Yuasa, 1932: 345 (description, distribution).

Liophanurus Mitsukurii (Ashmead): Kieffer, 1912: 61 (generic transfer).

Telenomus oecleoides Dodd, 1914: 122 (original description, synonymized by Johnson (1991)).

Microphanurus oecleoides (Dodd): Kieffer, 1926: 95, 116 (description, generic transfer, keyed).

Phanurus mitsukurii (Ashmead): Kieffer, 1926: 50, 56 (description, generic transfer, keyed).

Asolcus mitsukurii (Ashmead): Watanabe, 1951: 22, 25 (generic transfer, description, keyed); Watanabe, 1954: 22 (keyed); Tachikawa, 1965: 284 (description).

Trissolcus mitsukurii (Ashmead): Masner & Muesebeck, 1968: 73 (lectotype designation, generic transfer); Safavi, 1968: 415 (keyed); Voegelé, 1969: 149 (keyed); Kozlov & Lê, 1976: 659 (keyed); Kozlov & Lê, 1977: 506 (keyed); Kozlov, 1978: 632 (description); Kozlov & Kononova, 1983: 92 (description); Ryu & Hirashima, 1984: 36, 39 (description, keyed); Johnson, 1991: 213, 224 (description, synonymy, keyed); Kononova, 1995: 95 (keyed); He et al., 2004: 318 (description).

Trissolcus rudus Lê syn. n., 1983: 24, 25 (original description, keyed); Johnson, 1992: 635 (cataloged, type information); Lê, 1997: 23 (keyed); Lê, 2000: 311, 320 (description, keyed, type information).

Trissolcus oecleoides (Dodd): Johnson, 1988: 240 (type information, generic transfer); Johnson, 1991: 224 (junior synonym of Trissolcus mitsukurii (Ashmead)).

Description.

Female body length: 1.04-1.74 mm (n=20). Male body length: 0.90-1.53 mm (n=19). Body color: head, mesosoma, and metasoma black.

Head. Color of radicle: orange. Length of radicle: less than width of clypeus. Color of A1-A6 in female: apical A1 and dorsal A2 brown, elsewhere orange. Color of A7-A11 in female: black. Facial striae: absent. Number of clypeal setae: 6. Microsculpture on gena directly above mandibular condyle: present. Shape of ventral gena in lateral view: moderately bulging. Genal carina: present and extending dorsally to vicinity of lower margin eye. Malar striae: absent. Sculpture of malar sulcus: antero-posteriorly striate. Orbital furrow: expanding in size ventrally, strongly so at intersection with malar sulcus. Macrosculpture of frons between antennal scrobe and anterior ocellus: rugose. Preocellar pit: present. Setation of lateral frons: moderately dense. Punctation of lateral frons: absent. Sculpture directly ventral to preocellar pit: dorsoventrally fluted. Macrosculpture of lateral frons: weakly horizontally striate, striae of antennal scrobe extending to lateral frons. OOL: lateral ocellus and eye without continuous scleritic separation. Hyperoccipital carina: present only posterior to lateral ocellus. Macrosculpture of posterior vertex: absent. Microsculpture on posterior vertex along occipital carina: present. Anterior margin of occipital carina: coarsely crenulate.

Mesosoma. Epomial carina: present. Macrosculpture of lateral pronotum directly anterior to netrion: antero-posteriorly striate. Netrion sulcus: complete. Pronotal suprahumeral sulcus in posterior half of pronotum: weakly differentiated from sculpture of dorsal pronotum. Location of pronotal suprahumeral sulcus: posterior half of pronotum. Number of episternal foveae: 3; 2. Course of episternal foveae ventrally: distinctly separate from postacetabular sulcus. Course of episternal foveae dorsally: extending to mesopleural pit. Subacropleural sulcus: present. Speculum: transversely strigose. Mesopleural pit: extending ventrally into dorsoventral furrow parallel to mesopleural carina. Mesopleural carina: complete; well defined anteriorly, poorly defined to absent posteriorly. Sculpture of femoral depression: smooth. Patch of striae at posteroventral end of femoral depression: present, striae perpendicular to long axis of femoral depression. Setal patch at posteroventral end of femoral depression: present. Microsculpture of anteroventral mesopleuron: present throughout. Macrosculpture of anteroventral mesopleuron: irregularly rugulose. Postacetabular sulcus: formed by open crenulae. Mesopleural epicoxal sulcus: formed by open crenulae. Mesofurcal pit: absent. Setation of posteroventral metapleuron: absent. Sculpture of dorsal metapleural area: smooth in anterodorsal corner, coarsely rugose posteriorly. Posterodorsal metapleural sulcus: poorly defined to absent. Paracoxal sulcus in ventral half of metapleuron: indistinguishable from sculpture to absent. Anteroventral extension of metapleuron: not extending to base of mesocoxa. Metapleural epicoxal sulcus: absent or indistinguishable from sculpture; present as coarse rugae. Mesoscutal humeral sulcus: indicated by a line of cells. Median mesoscutal carina: absent. Macrosculpture of mesoscutum: rugulose. Pattern of mesoscutal microsculpture: uniform throughout. Mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus: comprised of cells. Length of mesoscutal suprahumeral sulcus: about half the length of anterolateral edge of mesoscutum. Parapsidal line: present. Notaulus: extending at least 1/3 length of mesoscutum. Median protuberance on anterior margin of mesoscutellum: absent. Protruberance on anterior margin of mesoscutellum directly posterior to notaulus: absent. Shape of dorsal margin of anterior lobe of axillar crescent: round. Sculpture of anterior lobe of axillar crescent: absent. Posterodorsal margin of axillular carina: round. Area bounded by axillar crescent: smooth. Macrosculpture of mesoscutellum: rugose throughout. Microsculpture on mesoscutellum: present throughout. Median mesoscutellar carina: absent. Setation of posterior scutellar sulcus: present. Form of metascutellum: coarsely rugose. Metanotal trough: foveate, foveae occupying more than half of metanotal height. Metapostnotum: undifferentiated from remainder of propodeum. Length of postmarginal vein: about twice as long as stigmal vein. Color of legs: coxae and femora dark brown to black, elsewhere yellow to pale brown and becoming darker at distal tarsomeres.

Metasoma. Anteromedial portion of metasomal depression: antero-posteriorly striate. Longitudinal striae on T1 posterior to basal costae: present. Number of sublateral setae (on one side): 2; 1. Setation of laterotergite 1: present. Longitudinal striation of T2: present throughout anterior half of tergite. Setation of T2: present in a transverse line posteriorly. Setation of laterotergite 2: present.

Diagnosis.

Among Palearctic species in the basalis group T. mitsukurii can be identified by the combination of the greatly enlarged antennae clava (A7-A11) in females (Figures 107 , 109 ), the size of which is emphasized in comparison to the compressed A4-A6, an orbital furrow that is expanded at its intersection with the malar sulcus (Figures 109-111 ), and the line of setae along the dorsal margin of the first laterotergite (Figure 110 ). During the course of this revision we examined a number of species from southeast Asia that share the above-mentioned diagnostic characters, but to our knowledge the distributions of these species do not extend into temperate Asia.

Link to distribution map.

http://hol.osu.edu/map-large.html?id=3267

Material examined.

Holotype, female, T. mitsukurii : JAPAN: Shizuoka Pref., Atami City, no date, Koebele , USNMENT00989031 (deposited in USNM) . Paratype of T. mitsukurii : JAPAN: 1 female, USNMENT00675967 ( USNM) . Holotype, female, T. rudus : VIETNAM: Hanoi Prov., Nghia Do , Hanoi, 7-VII-1978, X. H. Lê, IEBR 0042 (deposited in IEBR) . Other material: (39 females, 29 males, 5 unsexed) CHINA: 1 female, USNMENT00916469 ( BMNH). JAPAN : 28 females, 27 males, 5 unsexed, OSUC542353, 542355, 542362, 542376-542378, 542425, USNMENT00896316 ( CNCI); USNMENT00675721-00675722, 00675750-00675754, 00675756-00675760, 00675762-00675769, 00675771, 00675847-00675859, 00675968-00675979, 00764853, 00872000-00872004 ( USNM). SOUTH KOREA : 1 female, USNMENT00896149 ( CNCI). THAILAND : 5 females, OSUC542391-542395 ( OSUC). UNITED STATES (quarantine) : 4 females, 2 males, USNMENT00872119-00872124 ( USNM).

Figures

Figure 7 - 12. 7 T. mitsukurii, female (USNMENT 00675722), axillar crescent, lateral view 8 T. tumidus, female (USNMENT 00979425), axillar crescent, lateral view 9 T. flavipes, holotype of T. circus, female (ZMAS 0143), axillar crescent, lateral view 10 T. japonicus, female (USNMENT 00675989), axillar crescent, lateral view. 11 T. saakowi, female (USNMENT 00977544) axillar crescent, lateral view 12 T. nycteridaner, female (USNMENT 00896178), axillar crescent, lateral view. Scale bars in millimeters.

Figures 107 - 108. T. mitsukurii 107 female holotype (USNMENT 00989031), head, mesosoma, metasoma, ventral view 108 female (USNMENT 00675722). Scale bars in millimeters.

Figures 109 - 111. T. mitsukurii 109 female holotype (USNMENT 00989031), head, mesosoma, metasoma, lateral view 110 female (USNMENT 00675722), head and mesosoma, lateral view 111 female (USNMENT 00675722), head and mesosoma, ventrolateral view. Scale bars in millimeters.