ANKYLOSAURIA

Norman, David B, 2021, Scelidosaurus harrisonii (Dinosauria: Ornithischia) from the Early Jurassic of Dorset, England: biology and phylogenetic relationships, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 191 (1), pp. 1-86 : 70-71

Clade ANKYLOSAURIA (traditional node)

Node-based definition: The common ancestor of Euoplocephalus and Edmontonia and all of its descendants. (This node has the potential to become the new taxon Euankylosauria but this additional clade name is neither essential nor particularly desirable.)

Total characters under ACCTRAN 16, DELTRAN 28) – additional to the previous listing:

1. External surface of the skull covered extensively by a ‘carapace’ formed by interconnected osteoderms in fully mature individuals.

2. Quadrate shaft anteroventrally inclined.

3. Paroccipital processes oriented posteroventrolaterally.

4. Discrete and large, ridged osteoderm present on the lateral surface of the mandible.

5. Lateral profile of the dorsal surface of the ilium long and bowed dorsally.

6. Preacetabular process of the ilium expanded distally.

7. Shaft of the ischium rod or bar-shaped.

8. Obturator foramen/process absent.

9. Pubis fused to the ilium (and ischium).

10. Pubic shaft reduced to a small finger-shaped process (or entirely absent).

11. Pubic shaft considerably shorter than that of the ischial shaft.

12. Pedal ungual phalanges broadly rounded, flattened (hoof-like).

13. Conical lateral flank osteoderms.