Trichoprosopon, Theobald, 1901

Rivera-García, Karina D., Mendez-Andrade, Alejandro & Ibáñez-Bernal, Sergio, 2023, Trichoprosopon mixtli sp. nov., a new sabethine species (Diptera: Culicidae) from a Mexican cloud forest, with an assessment of the genus and keys for the identification of known species, Zootaxa 5254 (1), pp. 94-116 : 113-114

Keys to species of Trichoprosopon

ADULTS

Modified from Lane & Cerqueira (1942) and Lane (1953).

1 Tarsi with pale scales.................................................................................. 2

- Tarsi dark-scaled..................................................................................... 9

2(1) Clypeus with setae.................................................................................... 3

- Clypeus without setae................................................................................. 7

3(2) Upper calypter with setae.............................................................................. 4

- Upper calypter without setae............................................................................ 6

4(3) Postpronotum with silvery reflections; maxillary palpus 0.20 proboscis length................................ soaresi

- Postpronotum with violaceous reflections; maxillary palpus 0.16 proboscis length................................. 5

5(4) Hindtarsomere 1 with basal spot of white scales...................................................... digitatum

- Hindtarsomere 1 without basal spot of white scales ( Figs 3–6 )...................................... mixtli sp. nov.

6(3) Female with maxillary palpus 0.2 proboscis length................................................. compressum

- Female with maxillary palpus slightly longer than 0.25 proboscis length.................................. obscurum

7(2) Postspiracular area with scales, mid- and hindtarsus with white scales........................................ lanei

- Postspiracular area without scales; hindtarsus without pale scales............................................... 8

8(7) Fore- and midtarsus with pale scales (golden)........................................................ evansae

- Only midtarsus with pale scales (white)........................................................... lampropus

9(1) Scutum elongate, length 3 times its width; wing root inserted beyond level of hindcoxa.................... vonplesseni

- Scutum oval, length less than 3 times its width; wing root inserted at level of hindcoxa............................. 10

10(9) Antepronotum with white scales................................................................... andinum

- Antepronotum with metallic-colored scales............................................................... 11

11(10) Length of hindfemur-tibia longer than tarsus......................................................... brevipes

- Length of hindfemur-tibia shorter than tarsus.............................................................. 12

12(11) Proboscis shorter than forefemur............................................................... pallidiventer

- Proboscis as long as forefemur......................................................................... 13

13(12) Mesonotum with bluish-green scales; foretibia slightly shorter than forefemur................................. simile

- Mesonotum with brown scales; foretibia 0.8 length of forefemur.......................................... castroi

FEMALE GENITALIA

The female genitalia of Tr. andinum , Tr. brevipes , Tr. castroi , Tr. digitatum , Tr. evansae , Tr. lampropus , Tr. lanei , Tr. obscurum , Tr. simile , Tr. soaresi and Tr. vonplesseni have not been described. Modified from Coher (1948).

1 Tergum X constricted medially................................................................ pallidiventer

- Tergum X divided in two............................................................................... 2

2(1) Tergum IX without interlobar space; insula length 2 times width; lobes of tergum X large..................................................................................................... undescribed species ( Coher 1948)

- Tergum IX with interlobar space; insula length equal width; lobes of tergum X small, almost absent................... 3

3(2) Interlobar space of tergum IX deep, U-shape; insula sub-ovoid........................................ compressum

- Interlobar space of tergum IX shallow, V-shape; insula pyriform ( Fig. 7 ).............................. mixtli sp. nov.

MALE GENITALIA

The male genitalia of Tr. vonplesseni have not been described. Modified from Lane & Cerqueira (1942) and Lane (1953).

1 Tergum IX without an interlobar space and 3 compact rows of setae...................................... digitatum

- Tergum IX with interlobar space with a single row of setae on each lobe of tergum IX.............................. 2

2(1) Gonocoxite conspicuously short, as wide as long...................................................... brevipes

- Gonocoxite longer than wide............................................................................ 3

3(2) Mid-region of anterior margin of tergum IX conspicuously concave..................................... lampropus

- Mid-region of anterior margin of tergum IX without concavity................................................. 4

4(3) Length of gonocoxite less than twice its greatest width....................................................... 5

- Length of gonocoxite more than twice its greatest width...................................................... 7

5(4) Interlobar space of tergum IX long, about equal to lobe width............................................ andinum

- Interlobar space of tergum IX small, less than lobe width..................................................... 6

6(5) Interlobar space of tergum IX very small, shallow, not reaching 0.5 length of lobe; paraproct with 4 or 5 terminal teeth.............................................................................................. pallidoventer

- Interlobar space of tergum IX deeper, reaching 0.5 length of lobe; paraproct with 3 terminal teeth................. simile

7(4) Paraproct with 1 terminal tooth....................................................................... lanei

- Paraproct with more terminal teeth....................................................................... 8

8(7) Paraproct with 5 terminal teeth.......................................................................... 9

- Paraproct with 2–4 terminal teeth....................................................................... 10

9(8) Interlobar space of tergum IX sub-quadrangular; setae of basal mesal lobe extend beyond apex of gonocoxite....... castroi

- Interlobar space of tergum IX triangular; setae of basal mesal lobe do not extend beyond apex of gonocoxite...... evansae

10(8) Basal mesal lobe near midlength of gonocoxite............................................................ 11

- Basal mesal lobe below midlength of gonocoxite........................................................... 12

11(10) Lobes of tergum IX each with 4 setae; paraproct with 2 terminal teeth.................................... obscurum

- Lobes of tergum IX each with 6–8 setae; paraproct with 3 or 4 terminal teeth............................ compressum

12(10) Setae of basal mesal lobe extend beyond apex of gonocoxite; proctiger with 6 or 7 cercal setae.................. soaresi

- Setae of basal mesal lobe do not extend beyond apex of gonocoxite; proctiger with more than 7 cercal setae ( Figs. 9 , 10 )............................................................................................ mixtli sp. nov.

PUPAE

The pupae of Tr. castroi , Tr. evansae , Tr. lampropus , Tr. lanei , Tr. obscurum and Tr. vonplesseni have not been described. Trichoprosopon brevipes with insufficient information ( da Costa Lima 1931). Modified from Lane & Cerqueira (1942) and Lane (1953).

1 Paddle with spicules at apex...................................................................... andinum pallidiventer simile

- Paddle without spicules at apex.......................................................................... 2

2(1) Seta 5-II–IV long, as long or longer than segment........................................................... 3

- Seta 5-II–IV short, never longer than segment.............................................................. 4

3(2) Seta 10-CT double; seta 5-II–IV longer than segment................................................. digitatum

- Seta 10-CT single; seta 5-II–IV as long as segment................................................. compressum

4(2) Paddle as long as abdominal segment VIII; seta 1-II always double, forked at apex............................ soaresi

- Paddle shorter than abdominal segment VIII; seta 1-II usually single, if forked then forked at midlength ( Fig. 11 ).................................................................................................. mixtli sp. nov.

LARVAE

The larvae of Tr. castroi , Tr. evansae , Tr. lampropus , Tr. lanei , Tr. obscurum , Tr. soaresi and Tr. vonplesseni have not been described. Modified from Lane & Cerqueira (1942) and Lane (1953).

1 Abdominal segment VIII with comb; seta 5-VIII long, with about 8 branches in andinum (unknown in other species)...... 2

- Abdominal segment VIII without comb; seta 5-VIII single, strong, conspicuous, inserted in a sclerotized tubercle........ 4

2(1) Siphon index greater than 2.2; abdominal segment VIII with 3 or 4 comb scales......................... pallidiventer brevipes

- Siphon index less than 2; abdominal segment VIII with 4 or more comb scales.................................... 3

3(2) Siphon index greater than 1.5; comb scales with 1 or 2 long, strong apical spicules............................. simile

- Siphon index less than 1.5; comb scales with 2 or 3 long, strong apical spicules............................. andinum

4(1) Seta 5-VIII inserted in a large sclerotized tubercle; siphon index about 1.5; mandible with 5 teeth............ compressum

- Seta 5-VIII inserted in a small sclerotized tubercle; siphon index 1.6–2.0; mandible with 6 teeth...................... 5

5(4) Dorsomentum with 4 or 5 teeth on each side; seta 8-C double........................................... digitatum

- Dorsomentum with 6–8 teeth on each side; seta 8-C single ( Fig. 12 ).................................. mixtli sp. nov.

Figures

FIGURE 3. Adult female of Trichoprosopon mixtli, holotype. a, Lateral view; b, dorsal view. Fe-I, forefemur; Ta-III, hindtarsus; Ti-II, midtibia; Ti-III, hindtibia.

FIGURE 4. Adult female of Trichoprosopon mixtli, holotype. a, Head and thorax, anterodorsal view; b, head and thorax, lateral view. Ap, antepronotum; Ppn, postpronotum; V, vertex.

FIGURE 5. Adult female of Trichoprosopon mixtli, holotype. a, Mesopostnotum, dorsal view; b, wing, upper calypter.

FIGURE 6. Adult female of Trichoprosopon mixtli, holotype. a, Midtarsus; b, hindtibia; c, hindtarsus. Ta-II, midtarsus; Ta-III, hindtarsus.

FIGURE 7. Female genitalia of Trichoprosopon mixtli. a, Ventral view; b, tergum VIII; c, sternum VIII; d, cercus and spermathecal capsules. Ce, cercus; PGL, postgenital lobe; SCa, spermathecal capsule; VIII-S, sternum VIII; VIII-Te, tergum VIII; IX-Te, tergum IX.

FIGURE 9. Male genitalia of Trichoprosopon mixtli, allotype. a, Ventral view (post-rotation); b, gonostylus; c, tergum IX. BML, basal mesal lobe; Gc, gonocoxite; GC, gonostylar claw; Gs, gonostylus; Ppr, paraproct; Pr, proctiger; IX-Te, tergum IX; IX-TS, setae of tergum IX; IX-TL, tergum IX lobe.

FIGURE 10. Male genitalia of Trichoprosopon mixtli, allotype. a, Paraproct; b, aedeagus. Ae, aedeagus; BML, basal mesal lobe; CSe, cercal setae; Ppr, paraproct; PprT, paraproct teeth; Pr, proctiger.

FIGURE 11. Pupa of Trichoprosopon mixtli. a, Cephalothorax; b, abdomen. CT, cephalothorax; GL, genital lobe; Pa, paddle; I–IX, abdominal segments I–IX; 0–14, setal numbers for specified areas.

FIGURE 12. Fourth-instar larva of Trichoprosopon mixtli. a, Thorax and abdomen; b, head; c, mandible, maxilla and dorsomentum; d, abdominal segments VII–X and siphon. A, antenna; C, cranium; Dm, dorsomentum; M, mesothorax; Pa, paddle; P, prothorax; T, metathorax; S, siphon; Sa, saddle; I–X, abdominal segments I–X; 0–15, setal numbers for specified areas.