Goeldia nigra ( Mello-Leitão, 1917 )

Almeida-Silva, Lina M. & Brescovit, Antonio D., 2024, Unraveling the mysteries of Goeldia Keyserling, 1891: revision, description of seven new species and first record from USA (Araneae: Titanoecidae), Zootaxa 5428 (2), pp. 151-193 : 177-180

Goeldia nigra ( Mello-Leitão, 1917)

( Figs 1B–D , 16 , 26 )

Aebutina nigra Mello-Leitão, 1917: 77 , figs 22–23 (holotype female from Pinheiro (currently: Piraí, Pinheiral) (22°30’46”S 44°00’03”W), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, C. Devoto coll., deposited at MNRJ 1358, examined before the fire 2018).

Goeldia nigra : Lehtinen 1967: 209, 236; Silva-Moreira et al. 2010: 31; World Spider Catalog 2020.

Additional Material Examined. BRAZIL. São Paulo : São Paulo (23°32’51”S 46°38’10”W), 1 ♂, VI.1980 ( IBSP 2168 ) ; 2♂, 1♀, no further data ( IBSP 5935 , 10001 ) ; Instituto de Biociências, Campus da USP, 1♀ 31.VIII.1999, M.A. Vilalva coll. ( IBSP 24050 ) ; 1♂ 6.XII.2002, A.B. Bonaldo coll. ( IBSP 37321 ) ; 1♂, VI.2010, F. Yamamoto coll. ( IBSP 171107 , Fig. 1D ) ; Campus of Instituto Butantan (23°33’50”S 46°43’16”W), 1♂, 12.VI.2007, E.S.S. Álvares coll. ( IBSP 81158 ) ; Parque Ecológico da Guarapiranga, Ilha dos Eucaliptos (23°44’1”S 46°44’0”W), 1♀, 9–15.IX.1999. R.P. Indicatti coll. ( IBSP 131821 ) ; Itapevi (23°32’ 57”S, 46°56’14”W), 1♂, 4.IV.1995, C.L.A. Santos coll. ( IBSP 6200 ) ; Mairiporã (23°19’08”S 46°35’13”W), 1♂, 14/IV/1996, C. Berger coll. ( IBSP 11866 ) ; same data, 1♀, 26.VII.1996, C. Berger coll. ( IBSP 11844 ) ; Louveira (23°05’11”S 46°57’02”W), 1♂, 16.I.1996, A.E.C. Farinha coll. ( IBSP 12066 ) ; Mogi das Cruzes, Parque Natural Municipal Serra do Itapety (23°29’S 46°12’W), 4♂, 2003, Equipe Biota coll. ( IBSP 54702 , 54591 , 54599 ) ; Socorro, Pousada da Gruta (22°35’45”S 46°31’01”W), 2♀, 19–27.XII.2010, R. Indicatti coll. ( IBSP 171108 , Fig. 1B–C ) ; Águas da Prata (21°56’12”S 46°43’00”W), 1♂, 6.IX.1999, V.C. Onófrio coll. ( IBSP 24164 ) ; Biritiba Mirim (23°34’20”S 46°02’15”W), Barragem do Rio Biritiba , 1♂, 2003, Equipe Biota coll. ( IBSP 119423 ) ; Jandira (23°31’40”S 46°54’10”W), 1♂, 28.II.2005, Zoonoses Jandira coll. ( IBSP 50948 ) . Paraná: Guaraqueçaba (25°18’25”S 48°19’44”W), 1♀, 27.IV.1995, M. Fischer coll. ( MCN 27775 ) ; Tabagi, Parque Estadual do Guartelá (24°34’S 50°14’W), 4♀, 20–27.I.2008, I. Cizauskas coll. ( IBSP 92153 ) ; Antonina (25°25’44”S, 48°42’43”W), 1♀, 20–23.IX.2006, E.S.S. Álvares coll. ( IBSP 68541 ) ; Cruzeiro do Iguaçu, Foz do Chopim (25°33’44”S 53°6’19”W), 1♂, 8–15.X.1998, Equipe Biota coll. ( IBSP 21320 ) . Santa Catarina: Piratuba (27°25’12”S 51°46’19”W), 1♀, 1.I.1990, G. A. Martinazzo coll. ( MCN 19592 ) . Rio Grande do Sul: São Borja, Batalhão Mecanizado (28°20’00”– 29°04’34”S 55°18’25”– 56°19’38”W), 1♀, 7♂, X–XI/2006 & IX/2007, R. Camargo coll. ( IBSP 79481–79485 ) . ARGENTINA. Corrientes: San Cayetano, Estación Biológica de Corrientes (27°32’44.8”S 58°40’52.8”W), elev. 50 m, 2♂, 7♀ 4 juv, 5–10.XI.2007, C Grismado & I Martines coll. ( MACN 13331 , 13457 , 13483 , MACN 13538 ) . Jujuy: Yuto (23°38’00”S 64°28’10”W), 1♀, XI.1966, M.E. Galiano coll. ( MACN 16212 ) ; Fraile Pintado (23°56’00”S 64°47’00”W), 1♀, 1 juv., X.1967, E. Maury coll. ( MACN 16092 ) . Salta: no further data, 1♂ ( MACN 2320 ) ; Santa Maria (22°08’00”S 62°49’00”W), 1♀, VII.1947 ( MACN 2265 ) ; Aguas Blancas (22°44’10”S 64°21’14”W), 2♀, XI.1967, M.E. Galiano coll. ( MACN 16109 ) ; Urundel (23°33’00”S 64°25’00”W), 1♀, VIII.1947, Orifila coll. ( MACN 2284 ) . Formosa: Laguna Blanca, Parque Nacional Pilcomayo (25°03’52”S 58°08’12”W), 1♀, XI.1990, M. Ramírez coll. ( MACN 16023 ) . Misiones: Misiones, Parque Nacional Iguazu (25°41’01”S 54°27’14”W), 1♀, 1 juv., VIII.1985, M. Ramírez coll. ( MACN 16053 ) ; Barrio 17 de Octubre, 1♀; 14.X.1953, R. Schiapelli & J.A. de Carlo coll. ( MACN 16051 ) ; Parque Nacional Iguazu (25°41’01”S 54°27’14”W), Ruta 101, 1♂, 1 juv., 22–30.VIII.1986, M. Ramírez coll.( MACN 16045 ) ; Puerto Libertad (25°55’00”S 54°36’00”W), 2♀, X.1954, R. Schiapelli & J.A. de Carlo coll. ( MACN 5455 ; MACN 16019 ) ; Puerto Libertad (25°55’00”S 54°36’00”W), 16♀, 1 juv., X.1953, J.A. de Carlo, J.M. Viana & M.E. Galiano coll. ( MACN 3852 ) ; Wanda (25°58’19”S 54°33’58”W), 1♂, X.1985, P.A. Goloboff coll. ( MACN 16044 ) . La Pampa: Parque Nacional Lihuel Calel (37°57’S 65°39’W), 1♀, I.1988, P.A. Goloboff & Viñas coll. ( MACN 16022 ) .

Diagnosis. Males of Goeldia nigra differ from others species by the slim tegular process, which as an acute and bent tip ( Fig. 17A ); and by the patellar apophysis short, moderately curved and with an acute tip ( Fig. 17B‒C ). Females of Goeldia nigra differ from other species by its epigynum with sinuous posterior border ( Fig. 17E ); enlarged base of the copulatory ducts and long and distally bent vertical spermathecae ( Fig. 17F ).

Description. Male (IBSP 54702). Coloration: carapace reddish brown with cephalic area, endites and labium brown; sternum caramel brown; legs caramel brown except for femora I dark reddish brown ( Fig. 1D ). Opisthosoma black. Total length 6.50. Carapace: length 2.81; width 2.63; height 1.31. Clypeus: height 0.18. Opisthosoma: length 3.44; width 2.00. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.07; ALE 0.1; PME 0.11; PLE 0.11; AME–AME 0.11; AME–ALE 0.14; PME–PME 0.175; PME–PLE 0.23; AME–PME 0.17; ALE–PLE 0.08. Chelicerae paturon: length 1.52. Leg measurements: I: femur 2.48/ patella 1.04/ tibia 2.24/ metatarsus 2.00/ tarsus 1.00/ total 8.76; II: 2.10/ 0.94/ 1.68/ 1.88/ 0.88/ 7.47; III: 1.08/ 0.84/ 1.50/ 1.43/ 0.66/ 5.52; IV: 2.24/ 2.20/ 1.00/ 1.68/ 0.72/ 7.84. Leg formula 1423. Leg spination: femur I–II p1ap, tibia I v1r-0-1r-0-1r- 1m, p1sap, r1sap; III v2 sap, r1ap, p1ap; IV v0-0-1p-2, p1sap; metatarsus I v2-1r- 1m; II v2-2- 1m, p1ap, r1ap; III v2-2- 1m, p1ap, r1ap; IV v2-2-2-2- 1m, p1ap, r1ap; tarsus IV v0-2-0. Distally curved setae present only on tibia, metatarsus and tarsus II, and on tibia III and IV. MLT apex partially sclerotized ( Fig. 17C ). Pars pendula thickening far from embolus tip ( Fig. 17D ).

Female (MNRJ 1358). Coloration: carapace pale brown with cephalic area and endites brown; chelicerae, labium, and legs pale brown; opisthosoma pale brown. Total length 4.1. Carapace: length 2.05, width, 1.15, height 1.0. Opistosoma: length 1.9, width 1.5. Clypeus: height 0.12. Eye diameters and interdistances: AME 0.06; ALE 0.11; PME 0.07; PLE 0.6; AME–AME 0.08; AME–ALE 0.1; PME–PME 0.14; PME–PLE 0.18; AME–PME 0.1; ALE–PLE 0.08. Paturon 0.91 long. Leg measurements: I: femur 1.16/ patella 0.64/ tibia 1.12/ metatarsus 0.92/ tarsus 0.60/ total 4.44; II: 1.2/ 0.64/ 0.96/ 0.76/ 0.6/ 4.16; III: 1.2/ 0.5/ 0.75/ 0.8/ 0.45/ 3.7; IV: 1.38/ 0.64/ 1.16/ 1.10/ 0.44/ 4.65. Leg formula: 1423. Leg spination: femur I p1ap; metatarsus I r1ap, v1ap; II r1ap; III p1ap, v1ap; IV v1- 1- 1m, p1ap, r1ap. Copulatory duct wall visible at the copulatory opening area ( Fig. 17E ). Fertilization ducts close to the epigynal rim ( Fig. 17E ). Vertical spermathecae as high as the copulatory ducts ( Fig. 17F ), slightly bent outward ( Fig. 17F ).

Variation. Length (10 ♂): total 4.75–6.50; carapace 2.25–3.25; femur I 1.88–2.50; (3 ♀): total 5.45–5.7; carapace 1.9–2.4; femur I 1.4–2.25.

Distribution. Brazil and Argentina ( Fig. 26 ).

Figures

FIGURE 1. A–F. Goeldia spp. habitus:A. Goeldia mirim sp. nov., female, from state of Rondônia, Brazil; B–D. Goeldia nigra Mello-Leitão from São Paulo, Brazil: B. ♀; C. ♀, with eggsac and cribellate silk; D. ♂; E–F. Goeldia portenha sp. nov. from La Pampa, Argentina: E. ♂; F. ♀.

FIGURE 16. A–F. Goeldia mirim sp. nov. A–D: male, left palp; E–F: female, epigynum: A. Ventral view; B. Tegular process, frontal view. C. Tibia and patella, dorsal view; D. Retrolateral view. E. Epigynum ventral view; F. Vulva, dorsal view.

FIGURE 17. A–F. Goeldia nigra (Mello-Leitão, 1917).A–D: male, left palp; E–F: female epigynum:A. Tegular process frontal view.B. Palp ventral view; C.Tibiaandpatella, dorsal view; D.Retrolateralview.E.Epigynumventral view;F.Vulva, dorsalview.

FIGURE 26. Distribution of Goeldia spp. in southern South America: Goeldia leechi (square—blue); Goeldia portenha (star— red); Goeldia nigra (circle—orange) and Goeldia bagumbubu (triangle—yellow). Type species are marked as black versions of each symbol when there are records to multiple localities.