Euroxenus vayssieresi (Bonfils, Attie & Reynaud, 2001)

Gnezdilov, Vladimir & Bartlett, Charles R., 2022, First record of the family Issidae (Hemiptera, Auchenorrhyncha, Fulgoroidea) from the Hawaiian Islands, Biodiversity Data Journal 10, pp. 80135-80135 : 80135

Euroxenus vayssieresi (Bonfils, Attie & Reynaud, 2001)

Euroxenus vayssieresi Borbonissus vayssieresi

Euroxenus vayssieresi Euroxenus vayssieresi

Euroxenus vayssieresi Type locality.

Materials

Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: UDCC_TCN 00097423 ; recordedBy: W.D. Perreira; individualCount: 3; sex: Male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon : scientificName: Euroxenus vayssieresi; Location : country: USA; stateProvince: Hawaii; county: Hawaii; locality: Spencer Beach Park ; verbatimElevation: 12 m; decimalLatitude: 20.02278; decimalLongitude: -155.82111; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: V.M. Gnezdilov; dateIdentified: 2021; Event: samplingProtocol: Sweep Netting; eventDate: 13-08-2021; Record Level: ownerInstitutionCode: UDCC; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: UDCC_TCN 00097423 ; recordedBy: W.D. Perreira; individualCount: 3; sex: Female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon : scientificName: Euroxenus vayssieresi; Location : country: USA; stateProvince: Hawaii; county: Hawaii; locality: Spencer Beach Park ; verbatimElevation: 12 m; decimalLatitude: 20.02278; decimalLongitude: -155.82111; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: V.M. Gnezdilov; dateIdentified: 2021; Event: samplingProtocol: Sweep Netting; eventDate: 13-08-2021; Record Level: ownerInstitutionCode: UDCC; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: UDCC_TCN 00097423 ; recordedBy: W.D. Perreira; individualCount: 1; lifeStage: nymph; Taxon: scientificName: Euroxenus vayssieresi; Location : country: USA; stateProvince: Hawaii; county: Hawaii; locality: Spencer Beach Park ; verbatimElevation: 12 m; decimalLatitude: 20.02278; decimalLongitude: -155.82111; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: V.M. Gnezdilov; dateIdentified: 2021; Event: samplingProtocol: Sweep Netting; eventDate: 13-08-2021; Record Level: ownerInstitutionCode: UDCC; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: UDCC_TCN 00101252 ; recordedBy: W.D. Perreira; individualCount: 5; sex: Male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon : scientificName: Euroxenus vayssieresi; Location : country: USA; stateProvince: Hawaii; county: Hawaii; locality: Spencer Beach Park ; verbatimElevation: 12 m; decimalLatitude: 20.02278; decimalLongitude: -155.82111; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: V.M. Gnezdilov; dateIdentified: 2021; Event: samplingProtocol: Sweep Netting; eventDate: 16-07-2021; Record Level: ownerInstitutionCode: UDCC, ZIN; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: UDCC_TCN 00101401 ; recordedBy: W.D. Perreira; individualCount: 8; sex: Male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon : scientificName: Euroxenus vayssieresi; Location : country: USA; stateProvince: Hawaii; county: Hawaii; locality: Spencer Beach Park ; verbatimElevation: 12 m; decimalLatitude: 20.02278; decimalLongitude: -155.82111; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: V.M. Gnezdilov; dateIdentified: 2021; Event: samplingProtocol: Sweep Netting; eventDate: 03-07-2021; Record Level: ownerInstitutionCode: UDCC, USNM, BPBM; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: UDCC_TCN 00101405 ; recordedBy: W.D. Perreira; individualCount: 5; sex: Female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon : scientificName: Euroxenus vayssieresi; Location : country: USA; stateProvince: Hawaii; county: Hawaii; locality: Spencer Beach Park ; verbatimElevation: 12 m; decimalLatitude: 20.02278; decimalLongitude: -155.82111; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: V.M. Gnezdilov; dateIdentified: 2021; Event: samplingProtocol: Sweep Netting; eventDate: 03-07-2021; Record Level: ownerInstitutionCode: UDCC, ZIN; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: UDCC_TCN 00101414 ; recordedBy: W.D. Perreira; individualCount: 4; sex: Female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon : scientificName: Euroxenus vayssieresi; Location : country: USA; stateProvince: Hawaii; county: Hawaii; locality: Spencer Beach Park ; verbatimElevation: 12 m; decimalLatitude: 20.02278; decimalLongitude: -155.82111; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: V.M. Gnezdilov; dateIdentified: 2021; Event: samplingProtocol: Sweep Netting; eventDate: 16-07-2021; Record Level: ownerInstitutionCode: UDCC, ZIN; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: UDCC_TCN 00101417 ; recordedBy: W.D. Perreira, N.G. Miller, and D.A. Yee; individualCount: 1; sex: Male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon: scientificName: Euroxenus vayssieresi; Location : country: USA; stateProvince: Hawaii; county: Hawaii; locality: Keauhou Senic Lookout ; verbatimElevation: 91 m; decimalLatitude: 19.57611; decimalLongitude: -155.95917; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification : identifiedBy: V.M. Gnezdilov; dateIdentified: 2021; Event : samplingProtocol: Sticky Trap; eventDate: 10/ 14-05-2021; Record Level: ownerInstitutionCode: UDCC; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: UDCC_TCN 00101418 ; recordedBy: W.D. Perreira; individualCount: 1; sex: Female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon : scientificName: Euroxenus vayssieresi; Location : country: USA; stateProvince: Hawaii; county: Hawaii; locality: HonoKohau Harbor ; verbatimElevation: 3 m; decimalLatitude: 19.67111; decimalLongitude: -156.02056; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: V.M. Gnezdilov; dateIdentified: 2021; Event: samplingProtocol: Sticky Trap; eventDate: 02/ 16-07-2021; Record Level: ownerInstitutionCode: UDCC; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: UDCC_TCN 00101436 ; recordedBy: W.D. Perreira; individualCount: 1; sex: Male; lifeStage: adult; Taxon : scientificName: Euroxenus vayssieresi; Location : country: USA; stateProvince: Hawaii; county: Hawaii; locality: Spencer Beach Park ; verbatimElevation: 12 m; decimalLatitude: 20.02278; decimalLongitude: -155.82111; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: V.M. Gnezdilov; dateIdentified: 2021; Event: samplingProtocol: Sweep Netting; eventDate: 03-07-2021; Record Level: ownerInstitutionCode: UDCC; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen Type status: Other material. Occurrence: catalogNumber: UDCC_TCN 00101437 ; recordedBy: W.D. Perreira; individualCount: 1; sex: Female; lifeStage: adult; Taxon : scientificName: Euroxenus vayssieresi; Location : country: USA; stateProvince: Hawaii; county: Hawaii; locality: Spencer Beach Park ; verbatimElevation: 12 m; decimalLatitude: 20.02278; decimalLongitude: -155.82111; georeferenceProtocol: label; Identification: identifiedBy: V.M. Gnezdilov; dateIdentified: 2021; Event: samplingProtocol: Sweep Netting; eventDate: 03-07-2021; Record Level: ownerInstitutionCode: UDCC; basisOfRecord: PreservedSpecimen

Description

Colouration. General colouration light brown-yellowish to dark brown on anteclypeus and forewing clavus (Figs 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ). Pedicel, apices of fore and middle tibiae and apices of spines black. Forewings with black marginal cells along the costal and lateral margins (Figs 1 , 2 ) and sometimes (Fig. 4 ) with dark brown band from the costal margin to inner claval margin in basal half on females. Hind femora and outer surfaces of hind tibiae dark brown. Hind margins of gonostyli dark brown to black on dorsolateral angles. Ungues dark brown to black. Gonoplacs dark brown.

Structure. Body length, males and females - 4.0 mm. Metope (~ frons, Fig. 3 ) broad, widest below the eyes, with distinct median carina running from upper margin through postclypeus; sublateral carinae distinct, joined with median carina at metopial upper margin (carinae somewhat projecting along upper margin), almost reaching metopoclypeal suture. Postclypeus broadly rhomboid. Rostrum reaching hind coxae, 2nd and 3rd segments are almost equal in length; 3rd one narrowing apically. Antennal scape very short, pedicel globular, just longer than wide. Coryphe (~ vertex, Figs 1 , 4 ) as concave hexagon, slightly wider than long medially, anterior margin produced, obtusely angled, posterior margin concave. Metope and coryphe (in lateral view, Fig. 2 ) joined at obtuse angle (dorsal portion of sublateral carinae somewhat projecting). Ocelli vestigial. Eyes large, each eye nearly as wide as coryphe.

Pronotum slightly shorter than coryphe (Figs 1 , 4 ), with smooth median carina, anterior margin strongly convex, posterior margin nearly straight, with weak median concavity. Paradiscal fields very narrow behind eyes, paranotal lobes flat, apically rounded. Mesonotum length 1.5 times pronotum at mid-line, with median and lateral carinae. Tegulae large. Forewing slightly narrowing apically ( Bonfils et al. 2001, fig. 22) (Figs 1 , 2 , 4 ), without hypocostal plate and with wide precostal area; clavus long, 4/5 of wing length, broadly triangular. Forewing vein sequence: R 2, furcating near basal cell; M 2, furcating after wing middle; CuA 2, furcating after wing middle; basal cell narrowly oval. Hind wing with coupling lobe and deep cubital and vannal clefts (Fig. 5 ); anal lobe less wide than remigial and remigio-vannal lobes. Hind wing vein sequence: R 2, furcating apically after coupling lobe; r-m 1; M 1; m-cua 1; CuA 2; CuP 1; Pcu 1; A1 2; A2 1. CuA2 and CuP fused and flattened apically and Pcu and A1.1 fused medially. Front and middle femora slightly flattened. Hind tibia with two large lateral spines past mid-length and six apical spines. First and second metataromeres of subequal length, but basitarsus wider; basitarsus with two latero-apical spines and 13 intermediate spines arranged in arc; ventral surface with long setae; second metatarsomere with pair of latero-apical spines and median lobe.

Male terminalia: Pygofer (in lateral view, Fig. 6 A) elongate vertically, with convex hind margins. Hind margin of sternite VII straight (ventral view). Phallobase (Fig. 6 B and C) narrow and strongly curved (in lateral view), with a narrow process dorsally (Fig. 6 B dp); each dorsolateral phallobase lobe with three-branched large process - two branches directed dorsally and the longest branch directed basally, with serrulate carina. Each dorsolateral phallobase lobe (in lateral view) with a lateral slit and folds near middle and with narrow semicircular subapical lobe. Ventral phallobase lobe long and wide, with an apical notch. Aedeagus with a pair of long (0.3 × length of phallobase, Fig. 6 B and C), narrow, apically pointed ventral hooks, arising subapically and directed basally. Apical aedeagal processes long and wide apically (Fig. 6 B, shaded). Gonostylus (Fig. 6 E) with deeply concave hind margin. Capitulum wide, not narrowing apically (in dorsal view, Fig. 6 F), with small lateral tooth (in lateral view). Connective (lateral view, Fig. 6 B) with small cup and long handle, in caudal view (Fig. 6 G), with ventral margin bilobed (these articulating with the gonostyli). Anal tube elongate (Fig. 6 A), in dorsal view (Fig. 6 D) nearly 3 times as long as wide medially, slightly narrowing apically, with weak apical concavity. Anal column 0.3x as long as anal tube, narrow.

Female terminalia: Hind margin of sternite VII protruding medially (ventral view). Gonoplacs short. Anal tube elongate. Anal column short, 0.25 of anal tube length, narrow.

Notes: Gnezdilov (2020) (in fig. 2) had not observed a small basal process of three-branched processes of dorsolateral phallobase lobes (Fig. 6 B and C) on his drawings of male genitalia of E. vayssieresi from Réunion Island (Saint-Paul); otherwise no significant differences in external morphological features were found between the specimens from Réunion (La Possession and Saint-Paul) and those of the Hawaii Islands.

Euroxenus Gnezdilov, 2009

Genus diagnosis: Metope (~ frons) broad (Fig. 3 ), widest below the eyes, with distinct median carina running from upper margin through postclypeus and distinct sublateral carinae joined with median carina at upper metopial margin and almost reaching metopoclypeal suture. Rostrum reaching hind coxae, 2nd and 3rd segments are almost equal in length; 3rd narrowing apically. Coryphe (~ vertex) (Fig. 4 ) slightly wider than long medially, anterior margin produced, obtusely angled. Metope and coryphe joined at obtuse angle (in lateral view, Fig. 2 ). Paradiscal fields of pronotum very narrow behind eyes. Forewings just covering abdominal apex, slightly narrowing apically, without hypocostal plate, with wide precostal area; clavus long. Forewing vein sequence: R 2, furcating near basal cell; M 2, CuA 2, both furcating after wing middle. Hind wings (Fig. 5 ) with deep cubital and vannal clefts; anal lobe less wide than remigial and remigio-vannal lobes. Hind wing vein sequence: R 2; r-m 1; M 1; m-cua 1; CuA 2; CuP 1; Pcu 1; A1 2; A2 1. CuA and CuP fused and flattened apically and Pcu and A1 fused medially. Hind tibia with two large lateral spines. First metataromere with two latero-apical spines and 13 intermediate spines arranged in arc. Phallobase narrow, curved (in lateral view, Fig. 6 B and C), each dorsolateral phallobase lobe with narrow semicircular subapical lobe, large three-branched process below it and with a lateral slit and folds near middle. Ventral phallobase lobe long and wide. Aedeagus with a pair of long and narrow, apically pointed ventral hooks, arising subapically and directed basally. Apical aedeagal processes long and wide apically. Gonostylus (in lateral view, Fig. 6 E) with deeply concave hind margin. Hind margin of female sternite VII protruding medially (ventral view); gonoplacs short; anal tube elongate.

Differential genus diagnosis: Euroxenus is closely related to Eusarima Yang, 1994 and Duplexissus Wang, Zhang & Bourgoin, 2019, based on having completely developed median and sublateral carinae of metope and the presence of a long and narrow process on each dorso-lateral lobe of the phallobase. However, Euroxenus differs from both genera by the shorter forewings with bifurcate median veins (tri- or tetrafurcate in Eusarima and Duplexissus ) and by trifurcate processes of the phallobase (simple in Eusarima and bifurcate in Duplexissus ) ( Chan and Yang 1994, figs. 45-72; Wang et al. 2019, figs. 12-22).

Ge

Figures

Figure 1. Euroxenus vayssieresi, Hawaii Island, male dorsal view.

Figure 2. Euroxenus vayssieresi, Hawaii Island, male left lateral view.

Figure 3. Euroxenus vayssieresi, Hawaii Island, male frontal view.

Figure 4. Euroxenus vayssieresi, Hawaii Island, female dorsal view.

Figure 5. Euroxenus vayssieresi hindwing venation. Abbreviations: R = radius, M = media, CuA = anterior cubitus, CuP = posterior cubitus, Pcu = postcubitus, A 1.1 = anterior branch of first anal vein; A 1.2 = posterior branch of first anal vein; A 2 = second anal vein.

Figure 6. Euroxenus vayssieresi, male terminalia (A-B, D-G - Hawaii; C - Reunion Island, La Possession) A pygofer and anal tube, lateral view; B penis and connective (apical aedeagal processes shaded), lateral view; C penis (apical aedeagal processes not visible), lateral view; D anal tube, dorsal view; E gonostylus, lateral view; F gonostylus, dorsal view; G connective handle, dorso-caudal view. Abbreviation: dp - dorsal process of the phallobase.