Caryanda biserrata Mao et Yin, 2023

Yin, Zhi-Long & Mao, Ben-Yong, 2023, A review of Caryanda viridis- species group (Orthoptera: Acrididae) with a new species, Zootaxa 5263 (4), pp. 505-519 : 513-515

Caryanda biserrata Mao et Yin sp. nov.

( Fig. 7 : A–K, Fig. 8 : A–H)

Chinese common name: Rffiẃffñ

Type material. Holotype: male, CHINA, Maguan County, Yunnan Province, 23°03´N, 104°14´E, 1564 m, 31 Jul. 2020, coll. Benyong Mao. Paratypes: 2 males, 2 females, data same as holotype ; 5 males, 6 females, 17 Aug. 2022, CHINA, Yuanjiang County, Yunnan Province, 23°39´N, 102°10´E, 1853 m, coll. Zhilong YIN. Type specimens are deposited in the BMDU .

Diagnosis. This new species is similar to C. albomaculata Mao, Ren & Ou, 2007 , but differs from the latter in: the back of male body green (in C. albomaculata , the back of male body black with 13 yellowish white maculations ( Fig. 8 : F)); male mesosternal interspace with the ratio of length to minimum width less than 2.0 (in C. albomaculata , this ratio more than 2.0); epiphallus with ancorae narrow triangular, far away anterior projections (in C. albomaculata , ancorae broad triangular, near to anterior projections).

Etymology. The specific epithet ‘ biserrata ’ means that posterior margin of female subgenital plate with two large lateral teeth.

Description. Body size small, stouter in female.

Head. Head shorter than pronotum ( Fig. 7 : A); fastigium broad, slightly concave in dorsal view, width in front of eyes about 2.44–3.14 (2.79, mean, n=5, male) (the same below) or 2.82–3.44 (3.12, female) times larger than length, interocular distance 1.20–1.33 (1.30, male) or 1.29–1.46 (1.37, female) times width of frontal ridge between antennae. Face sloping, strongly foveolate; frontal ridge laterally straight with shallow longitudinal sulcus, subobsolete near the base of labrum; lateral margins nearly parallel, execpt somewhat extended around median ocellus. Lateral facial keels thick and straight. Antennae filiform, retrad reaching the base of hind femora (male) or posterior margin of pronotum (female), median 6–8 segments about 2.30–2.75 (2.57, male) or 1.83–2.50 (2.18, female) times as long as wide. Eyes oval, longitudinal diameter about 1.41–1.50 (1.45, male) or 1.48–1.64 (1.54, female) times as long as horizontal diameter, and about 2.16–2.67 (2.42, male) or 1.64–1.92 (1.79, female) times as long as subocular furrow.

Thorax. Pronotum in both genders nearly cylindrical, surface foveolate, anterior margin nearly straight, posterior margins nearly straight and with a wide and shallow notch at the middle; median carina indistinct, lateral carinae absent; three transverse sulci distinct; prozona 2.11–2.78 (2.49, male) or 2.25–2.76 (2.40, female) times as long as metazona; lateral lobe with posterior margin distinctly concave, posteroventral corner nearly rectangular (male) or obtusely angular (female). Prosternal spine conical, straight, apex weakly acute (male) or subobtuse (female). Mesosternal interspace about 1.60–2.00 (1.85, male) or 1.23–1.55 (1.35, female) times longer than minimum width; mesosteral lobes nearly square, 1.00–1.29 (1.14, male) or 1.26–1.56 (1.35, female) times wider than long; metasternal lobes almost contiguous (male) or separated (female) ( Fig. 7 : B–C). Tegmina narrow scale-like, length 2.17–2.58 (2.47, male) or 2.54–3.30 (2.83, female) times larger than maximum width, apex surpassing (male) or reaching (female) posterior margin of 2 nd abdominal tergite ( Fig. 8 : A–B). Hind femora with upper carina smooth and terminating in an acute angle; apex of lower knee lobes spinous. Hind tibiae with apical half nearly cylindrical, with internal and external apical spines, 7–8 external and 9 internal spines on dorsal side. Abdomen tergites with median carina. Tympana opening distinct, oval.

Abdomen. Male genitalia. Tenth abdominal tergite widely divided in middle, without furculae ( Fig. 7 : D). Epiproct nearly pentagonal, width at base larger than length; basal half with broad median longitudinal sulcus, lateral areas concaved; lateral margins weakly risen throughout and faintly contracted in middle; posterior margin triangular, apex acute. Cerci near falciform, surpassing apex of epiproct, compressed laterally, gradually narrowing apically, decurved in apical fifth with obtuse apex ( Fig. 7 : D–E). Subgenital plate long conical, apex rounded. Epiphallus with lophi near quadrilateral and dorsad projecting in lateral view, apical-inner angle almost rectangular; ancorae triangular and compressed, ventrad rolled, apex blunt, far away anterior projections ( Fig. 7 : J–K); bridge divided in middle ( Fig. 7 : J). Phallic complex with apical valves of penis obviously exserting out of posterior margin of cingular valves, basal valves of penis enlarged in lateral view ( Fig. 7 : I), apical valves of penis expanded and nearly long oval, surface with numerous fine granules in apical view ( Fig. 7 : H); cingular valves divided apically ( Fig. 7 : H), small, almost shielded by apical valves of penis.

Female genitalia. Epiproct nearly quadrilateral, with a curvate transverse furrow in the middle and a middle longitudinal sulcus in the basal half. Cerci conical, apex blunt, not reaching apex of epiproct. Subgenital plate broad, near rectangular, median area concaved, posterior margin with two large lateral teeth and a large triangular flap in the middle ( Fig. 7 : F–G). Valves of ovipositor with dentes along margins. Ventral basivalvular sclerite not connected in each other ( Fig. 7 : G).

Coloration ( Fig. 8 : A–B). The following notes according to fresh specimens. Body generally yellowish green (male) or green (female). Head yellowish green (male) or green (female) except postocular bands black and eyes brownish, male head with a triangular black spot on dorsum; genae yellowish green with irregular black spots below eyes; antennae with basal segments yellow (male) or light (female), others dark; postocular bands blacks, continued on dorsal area of lateral lobes of pronotum. Pronotum with disc green (male, female), three transverse sulci black (male) or light (female); lateral lobes under postocular band black, with two yellow maculations in mid area. Tegmina black in both sexes. Fore and middle legs yellowish green except tibiae and tarsi bluish green in both sexes. Hind femora dark red, with a yellow ring before knee; knee black; hind tibiae and tarsi bluish, claws black. Mesothorax and metathorax respectively with two yellow spots on episterna and epimera. Abdominal tergites with disc green (male, female), lateral lobes yellow on ventral areas; abdominal sternites yellow. Cerci black. Epiproct yellow and sub-apical with two black spots in male.

Measurements (mm). Body length: male 12.7–13.7, female 22.0–24.0. Pronotum length: male 5.9–6.8, female 7.6–8.6. Tegmen length: male 2.6–3.1, female 3.3–3.8. Hind femora length: male 10.0–15.0, female 11.5–16.0.

Distribution. China: Yunnan.

Biology. C. biserrata Mao et Yin sp. nov. mainly feed on Oplismenus compositus (Linn.) Beauv. under south subtropical broad-leaf shrub ( Fig. 8 : C–E), which grows in the wet and halfshady zone at medium elevation (1500 m) in Yunnan.

Figures

FIGURE 7. Caryanda biserrata Mao et Yin sp. nov.. A. Male head and pronotum dorsal view; B–C. Mesosternum and metasternum, male and female; D–E. Male terminalia, dorsal and lateral views; F. Ovipositor, lateral view; G. Subgenital plate and ovipositor, ventral view; H–I. Phallic complex apical and lateral views; J–K. Epiphallus, dorsal and lateral views. Scale bars = 1 mm. Abbreviations. an=ancora; ap=apical valves of penis; apd=apodemes; br=bridge; cv=cingular valves; lo=lophi; zy=zygoma.

FIGURE 8. Habitus, habitat andliving of Caryanda biserrata Mao et Yinsp. nov. and Caryanda albomaculata.A–E.C.biserrata Mao et Yin sp. nov.; F. C. albomaculata; A–B. Male and female, fresh specimen, lateral view; C. Habitat; D. Copulation; E–F. Living, male, dorsal view; G–H. Labels.