Fainia albitarsis (Macquart, 1846)

Thomas-Cabianca, Arianna, Martinez-Sanchez, Anabel, Villet, Martin H. & Rojo, Santos, 2021, Revision of the Afrotropical genus Fainia Zumpt, 1958, with notes on the morphology of Rhiniidae subfamilies (Diptera, Oestroidea), ZooKeys 1033, pp. 127-157 : 127

publication ID

https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1033.58539

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:303A0FAE-2497-4482-97AE-9442BDDF71E8

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/BCC5D471-F1FF-5DE6-85AE-65785166D51E

treatment provided by

ZooKeys by Pensoft

scientific name

Fainia albitarsis (Macquart, 1846)
status

 

Fainia albitarsis (Macquart, 1846) Figs 1 View Figure 1 , 2 View Figure 2 , 4 View Figure 4 , 5 View Figure 5 , 6 View Figure 6 , 7 View Figure 7 , 13B, C, E, F, H, I View Figure 13

Idia albitarsis Idia albitarsis Macquart, 1846: 321 (teste Zumpt 1958)

Idia eupoda = Idia eupoda Loew, 1852: 660 [redescribed 1862: 24] (teste Peris 1952; Zumpt 1958)

Idia extensa = Idia extensa Walker, 1858: 211 (teste Peris 1952; Zumpt 1958)

Fainia kagerana = Fainia kagerana Lehrer, 2007a: 2 nom. nud. (no differential diagnosis)

Fainia sambura = Fainia sambura Lehrer, 2008: 16 syn. nov.

Type localities and repositories of primary types.

Idia albitarsis : South Africa, Cafrerie [= KwaZulu-Natal], (?co)Type(s) female(s) in MNHN (destroyed, not in remnants of the Macquart Collection, Thomas-Cabianca, pers. obs., lateral head view illustrated in Macquart 1846: plate 17, figure 2). Idia eupoda : Mozambique, Inhambane, (?co)Type(s) [female(s)] in ZMHB (number of type specimens not specified, not located, considered missing, Thomas-Cabianca, pers. obs.; sex and locality specified in Loew (1862: 24)). Idia extensa : South Africa, Port Natal [= Durban], (?co)Type(s) male(s) in NHMUK (Natural History Museum UK) (number of type specimens not specified, not examined). Fainia sambura : Kenya, Taita Hills, male HT in SMNHTAU (TAUI) (examined).

Distribution.

Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo,?Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda, Zimbabwe ( Peris 1952, 1956; Zumpt 1958; Pont 1980; Kurahashi and Kirk-Spriggs 2006; Lehrer 2011).

Biology.

Ecology, immature stages and life history unknown.

Redescription

(male and female). Length 7.83 mm [6.55-9.00 mm] (n = 9). Head (Fig. 5A-D View Figure 5 ). Thorax (Fig. 5G, H, K, L View Figure 5 ). Chaetotaxy: acrostichal setae = 0 + 1, dorsocentral setae = 0 + 1, intra-alar setae = 0 + 1, postpronotal lobe setae = 1 long and sometimes 1 extra short, outer post-postpronotal lobe setae present, presutural seta present, supra-alar setae = 2, marginal scutellar setae = 3, discal scutellar setae = 0, proepisternal setae = 2, proepimeral seta = 0. Katepisternum covered with light silvery microtomentum; proepimeron, proepisternum, anepimeron, anepisternum and inferior half of postpronotal lobe covered with dense yellow microtomentum (Fig. 5K, L View Figure 5 ), anepisternal setae = 2 anterior to an extra posterior dense row of yellow hairs (Fig. 5K, L View Figure 5 ). Wing (Fig. 5K, L View Figure 5 ). Tegula and basicosta black-brown, outer margin along costal vein lightly infuscated. Lower calypter yellow and slightly longer than broad. Legs (Fig. 5K, L View Figure 5 ). Femora yellow-orange, tibiae yellow to brown. Abdomen (Fig. 5E, F, K, L View Figure 5 ). Yellow-orange, longer than broad. Male (n = 8). Head (Fig. 5A, C View Figure 5 ). Eye bare, inner facets moderately enlarged, but not demarcated from outer ones. Eyes separated by 0.06 times width of head [0.05-0.06] (at narrowest point, one-half to two times width of anterior ocellus); eye length 2.99 times height of gena [2.70-3.16]. Postpedicel length 2.39 times length of pedicel [2.10-2.27]; ocellar setae well-developed, inner vertical seta present, outer vertical seta absent; 6-8 frontal setae; palpus width around 2 times width of postpedicel in broadest area. Legs. Fore tibia 1-2 anterodorsal setae; mid-tibia 1 anterodorsal seta, 1 posterodorsal seta; hind tibia 2 anterodorsal setae, 2 posterodorsal setae, 2 anteroventral setae. Abdomen. Terminalia (Fig. 6 View Figure 6 ). Median lobe width 0.33 times the width of sternite 5, posterior margin round with a lighter and less sclerotised margin; section that connects with outer lobes covered with scattered black hairs. Outer lobes shorter and broader than in F. elongata (Fig. 9F View Figure 9 ), terminal area globular and covered with long and thick black setae, surrounded by a lighter halo with dense yellow vestiture. Surstylus wide and rectangular (plate form), slightly curved outward in medial distal edge (Fig. 6A View Figure 6 ), posterior edge serrated and grooved (Figs 6A View Figure 6 , 7G View Figure 7 ); ventrally and dorsally covered with black hairs in medial area. Cercus slender and fused, with long black setae, apically bifurcated (Figs 6A View Figure 6 , 7G View Figure 7 ) forming an inward hook in lateral view (Fig. 7H View Figure 7 ). Phallus as Figs 6C-E View Figure 6 , 7D, E View Figure 7 , ventral plate in ventral view M-shaped (which is obvious (Figs 1C View Figure 1 , 6E View Figure 6 ) or not, depending of ventral plate position); postgonite and pregonite as in Fig. 6G, H View Figure 6 . Female (n = 1). Head (Fig. 5B, D View Figure 5 ). Eyes separated 0.23 times of the head width at the narrowest point; eye length 4.14 times gena height; postpedicel 2.21 times pedicel length; proximal edge of fronto-orbital plate weakly concave towards frontal vitta; fronto-orbital plate 0.58 times frontal vitta width at ocellar triangle tip; ocellar setae well-developed and proclinate, 7-8 frontal setae, 2 proclinate orbital setae, 1 reclinate orbital seta; palpus width more than 3.00 times postpedicel width in broadest area. Legs. Fore tibia 2 anterodorsal setae; mid-tibia 1 anterodorsal seta, 1 posterodorsal seta, 1 anteroventral seta, 2 posteroventral setae; hind tibia 2 anterodorsal setae, 1-2 posterodorsal setae, 2 anteroventral setae. Abdomen (Fig. 5F, L View Figure 5 ). Posterior margin of tergite 5 without emargination, marginal setae thin and black.

Discussion.

Fainia albitarsis is widely distributed in the Afrotropical Region. It was adequately diagnosed by Peris (1952) and redescribed by Zumpt (1958), but the illustrations of sternite 5 are incongruent between the two authors. Photographs of sternite 5 (Fig. 6F View Figure 6 ) are provided here for a proper determination of the species. The HT or STs were found to be destroyed by pests at MNHN. Additionally, the HT or STs of F. eupoda were not found in ZMHB and we consider it missing. The specimen assigned as HT of Idia eupoda in ZMHB is labelled as ' Pr. b. sp Krebs // 4532 // Type (red-label) // Promontorium eupoda Loew*'; ' Pr. b. sp ' refers to Promontorium bonae spei , Latin for "Cape of Good Hope’’ in South Africa and it was collected by Ludwig Krebs (1792-1844), Cape naturalist to the King of Prussia. This differs from the published type locality and collector: Inhambane, Mozambique leg. Peter, suggesting that the specimen is, in fact, not a type. Specimens from Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya and South Africa (see material examined section) identified by Knut Rognes, together with the description of Zumpt (1958), were used for the proper determination of this species. As the descriptions were adequate for identification, neotypes are not required for Fainia albitarsis or Idia eupoda . The synonymy of Idia extensa was first published by Peris (1952), and seems reliable.

The description of Fainia kagerana nom. nud. is an invalid nomenclatural act in terms of ICZN Article 13.1.1 because it lacks a comparative diagnosis. In addition, the descriptions and drawings of F. kagerana nom. nud. ( Lehrer 2011: 59-61) (Fig. 13C, E, I View Figure 13 ) and F. sambura syn. nov. ( Lehrer 2011: 63-65) (Fig. 13B, F, H View Figure 13 ) match the morphology of F. albitarsis. On examining the F. sambura syn. nov. HT, including the male terminalia (dissected by Lehrer) (Fig. 7 View Figure 7 ), we found that the surstyli, cerci and ventral plate exhibit the same diagnostic characters as described above (Fig. 6A, B View Figure 6 ). Careful examination of the ventral plate of the phallus revealed that the structure is articulated, with the joint located within the basi- and distiphallus membranous connection. This articulation can produce different orientations of the ventral plate in lateral and ventral views of the phallus, obscuring their typical ‘M’ shape visible in ventral view in various specimens. The phallus drawings of F. kagerana nom. nud. ( Lehrer 2011: fig. 36D) and F. sambura syn. nov. ( Lehrer 2011: fig. 39D) show different orientations of the ventral plate in lateral view, suggesting that they could be different species. The ‘M’ shape of the ventral plate can be clearly observed in the specimen of F. kagerana nom. nud. (Figs 6E View Figure 6 , 7E View Figure 7 ) and partially observed in the HT of F. sambura syn. nov. as it was partially damaged (it was crushed between the lid and wall of the microvial) (Fig. 7J View Figure 7 ). Based on this evidence, we conclude that F. sambura is synonym of F. albitarsis and F. kagerana nom. nud. corresponds to F. albitarsis .

Type material examined.

Fainia sambura HT. 1 ♂ KENYA: Taita Hills / 1000-1200 m / Wyundani Rd. 3°24'S, 38°23'E / 18.ix.2005 / L. FRIEDMAN // holotypus // n. sp. / det. Dr A.Z. Lehrer // SMNHTAU (TAUI) 318990.

Other material examined.

19 specimens (10 ♀♀ 9 ♂♂).

Democratic Republic of the Congo - Katanga • 1 ♂; Ubani Valley Umbombo Dist. ; Mar. 1915; Yoppin leg., det. Thomas-Cabianca, A., 2018; DMSA DIP 6260 . - Oriental • 1 ♀; Bomane village area; 01°16.283'N, 23°43.994'E; 24 May 2010; Kirk-Spriggs, A.H. leg.; lowland evergreen second dry forest; Malaise trap; det. Rognes, K., 2012; BMSA-BECE 01314 GoogleMaps .

Kenya - Coast • 1 ♀; N. edge of Arabuko Sokoke Forest ; UTM 37 M 607257 9644873, 83 m elev.; 28 May 2006; Avesani, D., Carpaneto, G., Nardi, G. & Cerretti, P. leg.; hand net; with larva, det. Rognes, K.; MZSUR - Nairobi • 1 ♀; Kakura Forest ; 01°14'28.64"S, 36°49'54.97"E; 1672 m elev.; 21-23 Nov. 2017; PINDIP-Course leg.; Kenyan dry forest; 6 m elev. Malaise trap; det. Thomas-Cabianca, A., 2017; CEUA, DNA-COI USA04 GoogleMaps 1 ♂, same collection data as previous; 23 Nov. 2017; general sweeping; CEUA, DNA-COI USA03 GoogleMaps .

South Africa - KwaZulu-Natal • 1 ♂ ; Amatigulu Nature Reserve, north of Tugela River mouth; 29°12'S, 31°36'E; 25-26 Aug. 2006; Davies, G.B.P. leg.; caught hovering in group; det. Thomas-Cabianca, A., 2018; NMSA DIP 84325 View Materials GoogleMaps • 1 ♀; Durban ; 1914; Haygarth, W.J. leg.; det. Villeneuve (as Idiella eupoda ); SAMC DIP A015193 • 1 ♂; Manguzi Forest Reserve ; 26°59'32"S, 32°43'25"E; 61 m elev.; 13-17 Dec. 2010; Kirk-Spriggs, A.H. leg.; indigenous sand forest; Malaise trap; det. Rognes, K., 2012; BMSA (D) 30066 GoogleMaps • 1 ♀; Ndumo Game Reserve, Red Cliffs / Shokwe area at Ingwavuma ; 26°52.125'S, 32°13.731'E; 30 Nov.-04 Dec. 2009; Kirk-Spriggs, A.H. leg., Ficus forest; Malaise trap; det. Rognes, K., 2012; BMSA (D) 15187 GoogleMaps - Mpumalanga • 1 ♀ 1 ♂ ; Blyde River, Burkes Luck ; 24°40'30"S, 30°48'40"E; 1200 m elev.; 24 Dec. 1990; Roth, V. & Roth, B. leg.; det. Thomas-Cabianca, A., 2018; NMSA DIP GoogleMaps ♀: 84327 ♂: 84332 - Western Cape • 2 ♂♂; George ( Caplant ); 01 Feb. 1918; Brauns, Dr H. leg.; det. Thomas-Cabianca, A., 2018 (previously determined as Rhinia apicalis in the collection); NMSA DIP 020015 • 1 ♀; Pr. B. sp.; Krebs leg.; det. Loew (previously determined as Fainia eupoda in the collection); ZMHBHT 4532.

Tanzania - Morogoro • 1 ♀; Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Mito Mitato Plot 13; 674 m elev.; 26 Oct. 2014; Malumbre-Olearte, J. leg.; det. Thomas-Cabianca, A., 2019; ZMUC, DNA-COI K3 1 ♀ 2 ♂♂; Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Mizimu Camp. ; 769 m elev.; 01 Sep. 2013; Pape, T. & Scharff, N. leg.; det. Thomas-Cabianca, A., 2019; ZMUC , ♀: DNA-COI K7, ♂♂ DNA-COI K6 K20 - Tanga 1 ♂; Usambara, Mts., Rt. B124, 1300 m elev., near Lushoto ; 10-15 Sep. 1992; Freidberg, A. leg; det. Thomas-Cabianca, A. 2019; (previously determined as Fainia kagerana HT by Dr A.Z. Lehrer, 2007 in the collection); SMNHTAU (TAUI) / 318988 .

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Insecta

Order

Diptera

Family

Rhiniidae

Genus

Fainia

Loc

Fainia albitarsis (Macquart, 1846)

Thomas-Cabianca, Arianna, Martinez-Sanchez, Anabel, Villet, Martin H. & Rojo, Santos 2021
2021
Loc

Fainia kagerana

Lehrer 2008
2008
Loc

Fainia kagerana

Lehrer 2008
2008
Loc

Fainia sambura

Lehrer 2008
2008
Loc

Fainia sambura

Lehrer 2008
2008
Loc

Idia extensa

Walker 1858
1858
Loc

Idia extensa

Walker 1858
1858
Loc

Idia eupoda

Loew 1852
1852
Loc

Idia eupoda

Loew 1852
1852