Protoperidinium granii (Ostenfeld) Balech 1974

Krakhmalnyi, Aleksandr F., Krakhmalnyi, Maxim A., Terenko, Galyna V. & Goncharenko, Igor V., 2023, Dominant Species Of The Genus Protoperidinium Bergh (Peridiniales: Protoperidiniaceae) In The Black Sea, Zootaxa 5339 (5), pp. 427-448 : 436

Protoperidinium granii (Ostenfeld) Balech 1974 . Balech 1974. Revta Mus. Argent. Cienc Nat. “ B. Rivadavia ”, Hydrobiologia 4 (1): 65. ( Fig. 34 ) .

References: Lebour 1925: 124, Pl. XXV: 2 a–b; Schiller 1937: 189, Fig. 188 g –r; Kiselew 1950: 180, Fig. 301 a–g, 307 a–e; Wood 1968: 103, Fig. 304; Taylor 1976: 150, Pl. 32: 341 ( Peridinium granii ); Dodge 1982: 196, Fig. 23 A ; Konovalova & Selina 2010: 153, Table XX, 10 a, 106; Krakhmalnyi 2011: 198, Table 82, 8–11; Al-Yamani & Saburova 2019: 312, Pl. 172.

Basionym: Peridinium granii Ostenfeld 1906 . Int. Council. Study Mar. Publ. Circ. 33: 15.

Description: Cells pentagonal, dorsoventrally compressed, with a short apical horn and two antapical spines. The epithecal plate pattern comprises seven precingular plates (7ʹʹ), four apical plates (4ʹ), three anterior intercalary plates (3a), 1ʹ plate – “meta”, 2a – “penta” ( Lebour 1925; Wood 1968; Balech 1974; Al-Yamani & Saburova 2019); 1ʹ – “para”–”meta”, 2a – “penta” ( Konovalova & Selina 2010); 2а – “quadra” (Peters 1928; Schiller 1937). The thecal surface finely reticulated, with scattered pores. The cingulum median, slightly ascending, bordered. The sulcus slightly broadens towards the antapex. The cytoplasm colorless to pale pink, granulated. Dimensions: 35.8– 55.3 μm long and 44.0–58.9 μm wide.

Nomenclatural note: Protoperidinium granii is morphologically close to P. mite (Pavillard) Balech , which was also found in the Black Sea (9 references).

Distribution: Protoperidinium granii is a neritic species widely distributed in temperate to tropical waters; cosmopolitan ( Al-Yamani & Saburova 2019). Data on the distribution of P. granii are given from the GBIF.org (2022) ( Fig. 87 ).

Figures

FIGURES 23–34. Protoperidinium of the Black Sea. 23–31—P. divergens; 32—P. conicum; 33—P. knipowitschii; 34—P. granii. Designations: 1ʹ—first apical plate, 2a—second intercalary plate. 24, 34—DIC; 25–28—epifluorescence; 29–31—FE- SEM; 23, 32–33—transmitted light. Scale bars: 20 µm.

FIGURES 86–94. Global distribution maps of some Protoperidinium species. 86—P. excentricum; 87—P. granii; 88—P. knipowitschii (Krakhmalnyi, 2011); 89—P. leonis; 90—P. mediterraneum; 91—P. pallidum; 92—P. pellucidum; 93—P. pentagonum; 94—P. pyriforme.