Takobia sinusopalpata Sroka & Gattolliat, 2021

Sroka, Pavel, Yanai, Zohar, Palatov, Dmitry & Gattolliat, Jean-Luc, 2021, Contribution to the knowledge of the genus Takobia Novikova & Kluge, 1987 (Ephemeroptera, Baetidae) in Central Asia, ZooKeys 1071, pp. 127-154 : 127

publication ID	https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1071.71582
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:BEA57970-A281-49DE-9F9B-D88910A73824
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/A0E1990C-FDAA-4A11-AC04-3C90D03AE1A2
taxon LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:act:A0E1990C-FDAA-4A11-AC04-3C90D03AE1A2
treatment provided by	ZooKeys by Pensoft
scientific name	Takobia sinusopalpata Sroka & Gattolliat
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Takobia sinusopalpata Sroka & Gattolliat sp. nov.

Figs 1B, E View Figure 1 ; 5 View Figure 5 , 6 View Figure 6

Material examined.

Holotype. mature male nymph (in EtOH): Kyrgyzstan, Chuy Region. Spring - left tributary of the Adygene Riv., 144 m a.s.l., 42°34.19'N, 74°28.57'E, 29.4.2016, Palatov leg., locality code: 17 Kyrg GoogleMaps . Paratypes. 39 nymphs: same data as holotype (33 in EtOH, 2 on slides with HydroMatrix mounting medium, 2 on SEM stubs, 2 DNA voucher specimens). 1 nymph (in EtOH): Kyrgyzstan, Chuy Region, Korumdy Riv., 300 m upstream its mouth to Suusamyr Riv., 2214 m a.s.l., 42°12.40'N, 73°41.48'E, 1.5.2016, Palatov leg., locality code: 19Kyrg. 3 nymphs (in EtOH): Kyrgyzstan, Talas Region, Oshibulag Riv. - right tributary of Chychkan Riv., 1629 m a.s.l., 42°05.77'N, 72°48.19'E, 2.5.2016, Palatov leg., locality code: 25Kyrg. 1 nymph (in EtOH): Kyrgyzstan, Talas Region, Chon-chychkan Riv., ca. 1.5 km upstream Talas-Bishkek highway bridge, 1924 m a.s.l., 42°25.76'N, 72°44.03'E, 11.5.2016, Palatov leg., locality code: 60Kyrg. 12 nymphs (11 in EtOH, 1 on slide with HydroMatrix mounting medium): Kyrgyzstan, Talas Region. Otmek Riv. 2801 m a.s.l., 42°19.08'N, 73°05.77'E, 12.6.2016, Palatov leg., locality code: 65Kyrg. 6 nymphs (in EtOH): Kyrgyzstan, Osh Region, Kulun Riv., upstream from confluence of Kulaimende and Dungar Riv., 2229 m a.s.l., 40°30.46'N, 74°14.37'E, 1.5.2017, Palatov leg., locality code: 74 Kyrg GoogleMaps .

Holotype and 30 paratypes are deposited in IECA, 5 paratypes including DNA voucher specimens are deposited in MZL, 27 paratypes are deposited in ZMMU. The inventory numbers for the MZL specimens are GBIFCH 00829874 for the specimens in alcohol, GBIFCH00895421 and GBIFCH00895422 for the specimens used for DNA extraction. GenBank accession numbers in Table 1 View Table 1 .

Differential diagnosis.

Takobia sinusopalpata sp. nov. can be separated from other related species by the combination of the following characters: 1) maxillary palp highly developed with the segment I straight and segment II sinusoidal; 2) labrum dorsally covered with numerous setae, one central and two lateral forming the traditional disto-lateral arc of setae; 3) right prostheca reduced, basally bifid; 4) labial palp segment III quadrangular, slightly asymmetrical; 5) claw with one row of small teeth, subequal to 1/3 of corresponding tarsus; 6) paraproct with a short bent prolongation.

Description of nymph.

Length. Female body 6.8-7.4 mm; cerci and median caudal filament partially broken off, cerci assumed ca. 5 mm, medial caudal filament ca. 3.5 mm; male body 6.0-6.7 mm; cerci 4-5.2 mm; median caudal filament 2.6-3.4 mm.

Coloration and texture. General coloration brown (Fig. 1B, E View Figure 1 ). Head uniformly brown, darker between ocelli. Turbinate eyes in male nymphs brown. Legs ecru. Thorax dorsally brown without markings or pattern, thin pale longitudinal line medially. Abdominal tergites medium brown without any pattern. Abdominal sternites light brown. Gill plates whitish with dark margins. Cerci ecru to pale brown without bands or pattern. Surface of body indistinctly shagreened, most pronounced on head capsule and thorax (Fig. 6C View Figure 6 ).

Head. Antennae close to each other, with a narrow interantennal carina; scape and pedicel with V-shaped scale insertions and sparse setae. Dorsal surface of labrum (Fig. 5A View Figure 5 ) covered with long setae and scattered small fine setae, in place of distolateral arc of prominent setae only one or two long setae, one prominent long seta submedially, almost no setae present along midline; ventral surface with short row of submarginal small, pointed setae laterally; distal margin fringed with ca. 17-21 short, followed by 8-12 long, feathered setae. Right mandible (Figs 5C, D View Figure 5 ; 6A View Figure 6 ) with sparse fine setae and scales dorsally in basal 1/2; incisors composed of eight apically pointed denticles (in nymphs long after molting, denticles become worn out and rounded), outer and inner incisor group with four denticles each; row of short fine setae along inner margin of incisors present; prostheca reduced and bifid, inserted on elevated projection, conspicuously feathered; margin between prostheca and mola with tuft of fringed setae. Left mandible (Fig. 5B, E View Figure 5 ) with sparse fine setae dorsally in basal 1/2; incisors composed of seven apically pointed denticles, outer and inner incisor group not distinctly separated; prostheca with denticles and comb-shaped structure; margin between prostheca and mola with short, fringed setae. Hypopharynx apically covered with thin setae; lingua with central small protuberance; superlingua of approximately same length as lingua. Maxilla (Fig. 5F View Figure 5 ) with incisors composed of three elongated and curved teeth; crown with two rows of setae, ventral one with only small setae, dorsal row with three long stout dentisetae (apical dentiseta similar to maxillary teeth, relatively broad); maxillary palp very long, ca. 2.7 × longer than galeolacinia, two-segmented, length of segment II approximately equal to segment I; segment I slightly curved inward, not distinctly widened apically; segment II sinusoidal, apically rounded; both segments with numerous thin setae, longest and most dense along inner margin of segment II in its basal 1/2. Labium (Fig. 5G View Figure 5 ) with glossae subequal to paraglossae; both inner and outer margins of glossae with row of pointed setae, dorsal surface of glossae with well-defined group of fine setae subapically; ventral surface of glossae with group of long setae extending from basal part of glossa along its inner margin to apex; paraglossae with two rows of long, stout setae apically; labial palp three-segmented; segment I slightly shorter than segments II and III combined; segment II with very small medioapical protuberance and dorsal oblique row of ca. 5-7 long setae; segment III elongated, asymmetrical, with medioapical part widely rounded and lateroapical part extended, with short indistinct projection; all segments of labial palp with hair-like setae, present only occasionally on segments I and II, most dense on ventral surface of segment III; several distinct stout pointed setae present along apical part of segment III.

Thorax. Forelegs (Fig. 5H View Figure 5 ). Trochanter with ca. six marginal spine-like setae. Femur dorsally with one row of ca. 13-16 medium, stout setae; additionally, dorsoapical setal patch formed by another 7-9 stout, medium setae; ventral margin with numerous stout, pointed short setae, some of these setae on lateral margin subparallel to ventral margin, villopore absent; lateral margin with occasional short hair-like setae and V-shaped scale bases with scales (not figured in Fig. 5H View Figure 5 ). Tibia with many setae along ventral margin and group of setae apically; scarce setae also elsewhere on surface of tibia and along dorsal margin; tibiopatellar suture present; lateral margins with scales and numerous scale bases. Tarsus with row of ca. 15-20 small, pointed setae on ventral margin; lateral margins with numerous scale bases. Tarsal claw (Fig. 6B View Figure 6 ) slightly hooked, with one row of ca. 10-16 small teeth, slightly increasing in size distally, apical setae present, very minute; length of tarsal claw ca. 1/3 of tarsus length; Mid and hindleg (Fig. 5I, J View Figure 5 ) similar to foreleg, except setae along ventral margin of femora, less robust and more scarce in mid and particularly hindlegs compared to forelegs. Hindwing pads present.

Abdomen. Tergites (Fig. 6D View Figure 6 ) not shagreened, with numerous V-shaped scale bases, scales (rounded apically), and thin hair-like setae; distal margin of tergite I without triangular spines, tergites II-X with well-developed row of triangular spines, slightly longer than wide; row of triangular spines on tergite X not interrupted in middle. Sternites with scales, scale bases and setae similar to tergites; distal margin of sternites IV-IX with row of long triangular spines, this row interrupted in middle in sternite IV and also interrupted in places of emerging gonostyli in male nymphs. Gills (Fig. 5K-Q View Figure 5 ) on segments I-VII, slightly asymmetrical, margins serrated mainly in distal 1/2, dorsal surface with scales and scale bases submarginally, tracheation faintly visible; gill I oval-shaped, rounded apically, ca. 3 × wider than long; gills II-VI widened in distal portion, narrowing and rounded apically, ca. 2.3-2.7 × wider than long; gill VII narrow, widened in middle portion, ca. 3 × wider than long. Paraproct (Fig. 6F View Figure 6 ) with abundant scales and scale bases (of same shape as on tergites and sternites); distinct prolongation bent dorsally; paraproct margin with ca. 5-10 triangular spines laterally from prolongation and numerous slightly smaller spines medially from prolongation; prolongation margined with ca. 10-20 elongated medium spines, with spines also on ventral surface; cercotractor with scales and scale bases, margin with triangular spines.

Etymology.

The name of the new species, Takobia sinusopalpata , refers to the sinusoidal shape of the second segment of the maxillary palps, very pronounced and characteristic for this species.

Distribution and ecology.

So far known from several localities in the Tien Shan Mountains (Kyrgyzstan). Nymphs were collected from stones and boulders sometimes covered with algae and moss in mountain springs, streams, and small rivers located at altitudes of 1600-2800 m a.s.l., at flow rates of 0.5-1.0 m/s, with water temperatures ca. 10-12°C (Fig. 9A, B View Figure 9 ).