Xanthogramma dives (Rondani, 1857)

Prokhorov, A. V., Popov, G. V., Shparyk, V. Yu. & Vasilyeva, Yu. S., 2020, New Records Of Hoverflies (Diptera, Syrphidae) From Ukraine. V, Zoodiversity 54 (3), pp. 237-258 : 254-255

Xanthogramma dives (Rondani, 1857) ( figs 64–65 )

M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d. Ukraine. Zakarpattia: Kamianytsia env., 48.70 N 22.43 E, deciduous forest, 11.05.2017 , 1}; Vynogradiv env., 48.144001 N 23.071348 E, 26.06– 18.07.2018 , Malaise trap, 2} (A. Varga); Rivne Region: Bushcha env.: Mizotskyi Kriazh , 50.30 N 26.30 E, deciduous forest, 20– 22.05.2019 , 2}; Illyashivka env., 50.277 N 26.281 E, 21.05.2019 , edge of deciduous forest, 2 {; Kyiv Region: Potashnia env., 50.688 N 29.736 E, mixed forest, 9.05.2016 , on flowers of Sorbus aucuparia , 1 {; Mygalky env., 50.66 N 29.50 E, edge of mixed forest near Teteriv River floodplain, 21– 22.05.2016 , 6 {, 2}, 20.05.2017, 2 {, 1}, 27.05.2018, 1}; Irpin env.: 50.51 N 30.27 E, edge of mixed forest along the railway, 5.06.2015 , 1}, 25.06.2017, 1}, 26.06.2018, 1}; 50.51 N 30.26 E, edge of mixed forest near Irpin River floodplain, 23.08.2016 , 1 {; Kotsiubynske env., 50.47 N 30.30 E, clearing in mixed forest, 17.05.2017 , 2 {; Lisnyky env., Golosiivskyi National Nature Park , 50.29 N 30.54 E, deciduous forest, 17.08.2017 , 1}; 50.296 N 30.535 E, 3.05.2019, 2 {; Zavorychi env., 50.68 N 31.09 E, deciduous forest, 16.07.2015 , 1 {, 1} (A. Prokhorov); Chernihiv Region: Nizhyn , 51.05 N 31.88 E, Hrafskyi Park, 10.05.2018 , 1 {( V. Kavurka); Morivsk , 51.088 N 30.882 E, in the garden, 14.07.2018 , 1 {(A. Prokhorov).

D i s t r i b u t i o n: at present uncertain, due to confusion until recently with both X. pedissequum and X.stackelbergi ,but known fromAndorra, the Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Montenegro, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Europe- an Russia, Serbia, the Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland;Transcaucasia (the Republic of Georgia) ( Belcari et al., 1995; Doczkal et al., 2002; De Groot & Govedič, 2008; Mielczarek, 2009 –2020; Tóth, 2011; Van Eck, 2011; Van Steenis, 2011; Ssymank, 2012; Van Steenis et al., 2015; Ricarte & Marcos-García, 2017; Nedeljković et al., 2018; Speight et al., 2018; Prokhorov, 2019; Van Steenis et al., 2019; Mengual et al., 2020; Speight, 2020; Wakkie, 2020); Ukraine (first record).

Diagnosis. Within the genus Xanthogramma , X. dives , X. pedissequum and X. stackelbergi are very similar in appearance. They share the following characters: tergite 2 wider than long; alula entirely covered in microtrichia; eye pilosity very sparse, shorter than the diameter of the anterior ocellus; hind femora black on the apical fourth. Xanthogramm adives can be easily separated from X. pedissequum by the thorax with more than two yellow maculae laterally (in X. pedissequum , thorax with one or two yellow maculae laterally). From the most similar X. stackelbergi ( figs 66, 67 ), both sexes of X. dives can be distinguished by wing cells r 1 and r 2+3 darkened in the apical part ( figs 64, 65 ) (in X. stackelbergi , wing cells r 1 and r 2+3 hyaline in the apical part, as on figs 66, 67 ). These characters are based on Nedeljković et al. (2018). Additionally, X. dives female differs from X. stackelbergi by a black median vitta on the frons that usually expands towards the lunule ( fig. 65 ) (in X. stackelbergi , a black median vitta on the frons usually tapers towards the lunule, as on fig. 67 ) (according Speight & Sarthou, 2017).

Note. Until recently, X. dives was erroneously confused with the two similar species X. pedissequum (Harris, 1776) and X. stackelbergi Violovitsh, 1975 , and this taxon was not included in the most of European species lists before Speight & Sommaggio (2010), who designated the X. dives lectotype.

We are very grateful to Volodymyr Roshko (Uzhhorod National University, Uzhhorod), for his kind assistance in organizing collecting trips to Zakarpattia in 2017–2018, and Oksana Golovko (National Park Dermansko-Ostrozkyi, Rivne Region) for her assistance in organizing and conducting expeditionary trips to the National Park in 2018–2019. The authors are grateful to Myroslav Zaika for material from Kyiv Region. We thank Anatoly Barkalov ( Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, RAS, Novosibirsk) for useful comments on species of the genus Cheilosia . The authors also very thank Valery Korneyev (Institute of Zoology of NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv) for valuable scientific and editorial comments. We very appreciate two anonymous referees for critical notes and corrections to improve this manuscript .

Figures

Figs 64–67. Xanthogramma dives from Chernihiv (64) and Kyiv (65) Regions, and X. stackelbergi (66, 67) from Zakarpattia, habitus, dorsal view: 64, 66 — males; 65, 67 — females.