Actinopus taragui, Ríos-Tamayo & Goloboff, 2018

Ríos-Tamayo, D. & Goloboff, P. A., 2018, Taxonomic Revision And Morphology Of The Trapdoor Spider Genus Actinopus (Mygalomorphae: Actinopodidae) In Argentina, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2018 (419), pp. 1-84 : 70-73

Actinopus taragui , sp. nov.

Figures 36A–G, 37A–F, 44

TYPE MATERIAL: HOLOTYPE ♂ (MACN-Ar 36624). Corrientes: Capital [27°28′ S 58°49′ W], 13 May. 2007, G. Rubio, 1♂. PARATYPE: Misiones. 3♀, (together with 2 immatures, not paratypes, MACN-Ar 36625), Parque Provincial “ Islas Malvinas,” Arroyo Uruzú [25°58′ S 54°11′ W], Feb. 1988, P. Goloboff.

ETYMOLOGY: The specific name is a noun in apposition to the type locality; in the Guarani language, it means “ Corrientes.”

DIAGNOSIS: Males of A. taragui present a copulatory bulb (fig. 36D–F) with Ak poorly developed, extending to the apex, and MRk reduced. They differ from A. ariasi by having more retrolateral spines on tibia II, but fewer than present in A. ramirezi . Males differ from both by the lighter color in apical leg segments (patellae to tarsi) and by the presence of rastellum. Females can be distinguished by the rectangular shape of the spermathecae (fig. 37D, E), with base wide and a lobe on the outer part. Differ from A. szumikae and A. coylei by the shape of the fovea; from A. szumikae also by the lower number of thorns apical to the apical crown on tibia III, and darker coloration; from A. coylei by the sigilla not reaching the center of the sternum.

DESCRIPTION: Holotype male (MACN-Ar 36624, fig. 36A–G): Total length: 7.44. Carapace (fig. 36A): length 3.30, width 3.06. Cephalic region: length 1.80, width 2.16; clypeus small with few small bristles, 9 bristles between PME and 4 behind each PME-PLE, 6 on each side of the OQ. Fovea: length 0.54, width 1.08. Eyes, diameters and interdistances: AME 0.16 (small), ALE 0.28, PME 0.12, PLE 0.16, OQ length 0.64, anterior width 1.60, 1.40 posterior width; AME-ALE 0.32, PME-PLE 0.08, AME-PME 0.32, ALE-PLE 0.20, AME-AME 0.20. Chelicerae: Length 2.76, width 1.38; cheliceral apex with 9 recumbent and elongated bristles that cover the base of the fang. Rastellum with 3–4 marginal cusps; cheliceral furrow with 6 large promarginal teeth and 6 retromarginal (small ones between 3d-4th and 4th-5th) and 9 denticles, near the promarginal teeth. Labium: length 0.68, width 0.76. Maxillae: anterior length 0.88, posterior length 1.44, width 1.04. Sternum (fig. 36G): Center slightly depressed; length 2.40, maximum width 2.08, mini- mum width 0.76; postlabial sigillum shallow, posterior sigilla well defined and shallow. Abdomen: Length 2.82, small, covered with thin bristles, thicker and more numerous on the dorsum. PMS: length 0.32; PLS: length of basal:medial:apical segments 0.44:0.16:0.08. Spigots: 1 large, 6 small on PMS; PLS, numbers of large(small) spigots on basal:medial:apical article 2(10): (the other articles deformed, could not be observed). Lengths of legs and palp: I: 3.42, 1.44, 2.10, 2.70, 1.80, 11.46. II: 3.18, 1.38, 2.10, 2.70, 1.80, 11.16. III: 2.58, 1.50, 1.56, 2.82, 1.92, 10.38. IV: 3.30, 1.50, 2.70, 3.00, 2.10, 12.60. Palp: 3.60, 1.80, 3.12, –, 1.02, 9.54.

Chaetotaxy: All femora, 0. Patellae: I-II, 0; III, 22 P SUP-D ANT, +8 on the margin, 1-1-1 D (3:4 B), 6 R A +4 on the margin; IV, 44 P SUP-D ANT +4

near the edge. Tibiae: I, 2 V ANT A, 1-1-1-1-2 V POST; II, 1-1-2-3-3-4 R, 1-3-2-4 V; III, 1 P, 1 D B, with an apical crown of 15 thorns, 1-1-1 R, 1-1-1 V POST, 2 V ANT A; IV, 2-2 v, 2 A POST, 1-1-2 V ANT. Metatarsi: I, 1-2-1-1-2-V POST, 2-0-2-1-1 V ANT; II, 1-1 V ANT, 1-1 V, 1-2-1-2-1-2-4 V POST- R INF; III, 1-1-2-2-4 on row D POST-R, 1-2-1 V POST, 1-1-0-1-1-1 V ANT, 1-1-1 D ANT; IV, 1-2- 2-1-1 V ANT-P INF, 1-1-2 V POST. Tarsi: I, 1-1- 1-1 P INF, 1-1-2-1-1-3-3 R INF, 1-1 V; II, 1-1-2-1-1 P INF, 1-1-3-1-4-2-3 R INF, 1-1 V; III, 1-1-1-1-1-1- 2-2 P INF, 2-2-3-2-2 R INF (3:4 A); IV, 2-1-2-4-1-5 P INF, 2-1-2-1 R INF. Total number of retrolateral spines on tibiae I and II (fig. 36B): 0 and 14 respectively. Palp: tibia long and slender (width/length: 0.31±0.01) (fig. 36C). Copulatory bulb (fig. 36D–F) thin, BTA and ATA developed, embolus with a series of denticles at the base. Pseudoscopula: Tarsi: I sparse (1:2 A); II sparse (3:4 A); III-IV, dense and uniform. Metatarsi: IV sparse and apical. Trichobothria: Tibiae: I 3-2; II 4-3; III 3-5; IV 6-6. Metatarsi: I-II 10; III 7; IV 6. Tarsi: I-II 7; III 9; IV 6. Color: Carapace dark reddish brown. Abdomen dark brown, with small bristles, booklungs with dark markings. Sternum, labium, and maxillae yel-

lowish. Legs like carapace; tarsi-metatarsi-tibiae and patellae lighter. Spinnerets yellowish.

Paratype female (MACN-Ar 36625, figs. 37A– F): Total length: 24.42. Carapace (fig. 37A): length 8.16, width 7.56, with 50 bristles on each posterior margin. Cephalic region: length 5.28, width 6.48; clypeus with 90 bristles and one central large; chilum with 70 bristles, 6–8 bristles between AME- ALE, 42 between PME; abundant bristles behind each PME-PLE dyad, and on each side of the OQ. Fovea: length 1.44, width 3.6. Eyes, diameters and interdistances: AME 0.20, ALE 0.48, PME 0.28, PLE 0.40, AME-ALE 1.00, PME-PLE 0.12, AME- PME 0.56, ALE-PLE 0.68, AME-AME 0.48, OQ length 1.28, anterior width 3.68, posterior width 3.56. Chelicerae: Length 4.20; width 2.70; cheliceral apex with 19 recumbent and elongated bristles covering the base of the fang; dorsal anterior region with shallow ridges. Rastellum with 12 marginal, blunt cusps, and 10 small dorsal ones. Fang groove with 7 promarginal teeth and 6 retromarginal (a small one between 3d-4th and 4th- 5th; and 3 internal teeth next to the last two) and 12 denticles in the furrow, near the promargin. Labium: length 1.86, width 1.92, with 24 anterior cuspules. Maxillae: anterior length 2.34, posterior length 3.00, width 2.34, with +120 cuspules 1:3 V ANT, expanding to the anterior face. Sternum (fig. 37F): Center slightly depressed; length 5.58, maximum width 4.62, minimum width 1.92. Postlabial sigillum deep, posterior sigilla shallow but well defined. Abdomen: Length 11.16, globose covered with small bristles. PMS: length 0.88; PLS: length of basal:medial:apical segments 1.00:0.72:0.40. Spigots: 4 large, 50 small on PMS; PLS, numbers of large(small) spigots on basal:medial:apical article 6(38):9(52):3(+70). Lengths of legs and palp: I: 4.74, 3.18, 2.34, 2.70, 1.20, 14.16. II: 4.74, 3.18, 2.28, 2.94, 1.20, 14.34. III: 4.32, 3.60, 1.80, 3.18, 1.20, 14.10. IV: 6.00, 3.36, 3.36, 3.60, 1.38, 17.70. Palp: 4.38, 2.88, 3.18, –, 3.00, 13.44.

Chaetotaxy: All femora: 0. Patellae: I-II, 0; III, 12 P A, +10 on the margin, 24 R (1:2 A) +16 on the margin; IV, 40 P SUP-D ANT +5 on the edge; palp, 1-1 V POST, 5 P (serial). Tibiae: I, 1-1-1-1 P (1:3 A), 24 R INF, 1-1 V POST; II, 120 R (3:4 A), 1 V POST between 1-1 V POST; III, 0/1 D BAS, 70 R (3:4 A), with apical crown of 19 thorns and 3 apical (at the apex, apical to the crown); IV, 0; palp, 13 P, 24 R INF. Metatarsi: I, 25 P INF, 25 R INF, 1-1-1-2 V POST; II, 27 P INF, 22 R INF, 1-1-1-2 V POST; III, 55 on row D POST-R (more abundant R A), 21 D ANT, 2 V A; IV, 16 P, 1 D ANT A. Tarsi: I, 9 P INF, 12 R INF, 2 V A; II, 15 P INF, 10 R INF, 2 VA; III, 25 R, 98 V-P; IV, 49 V-P; palp, 18 P INF, 29 R INF, 2 V A. Total number of retrolateral spines on tibiae I and II: 24 and 120 (fig. 37B) respectively. Trichobothria: Tibiae: I-II 6-7; III 6-9; IV 7-7. Metatarsi: I 12; II 16; III-IV 12. Tarsi: I 10; II-III 12; IV 8. Color: carapace dark reddish brown, dark chelicerae with light dorsal bands and dark dorsal spots. Abdomen brown, booklungs with dark markings. Sternum yellowish, labium and maxillae darker. Legs like carapace. Spinnerets yellowish.

DISTRIBUTION: Provinces of Corrientes, Chaco , and Misiones.

OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED: Corrientes: Capital [27°28′ S 58°49′ W], 13 Apr. 2006, M. Chatelanaz, 1♀ (CARTROUNNE 7285). 13 May. 2007, G. Rubio, 1♂ (CARTROUNNE 8168). Paraje Yahapé, Departamento Berón de Astrada [27°22′ S 57°39′ W], 6 Mar. 2008, G. Ávalos, 2♀ (CARTROUNNE 8170). Cerca de Galarza (grassland), no collector, 28 Apr. 2005, 1 immature (CARTROUNNE 8169). No date and collector, 1♂ (CARTROUNNE 8171). Chaco : San Bernardo [27°28′ S 58°55′ W], 16 Mar. 1991, O. Di Iorio, 1♂ (MACN-Ar 30737). No specific locality, 3 Apr. 2006, V. Fernandez, 1♂ (CAR- TROUNNE 8167). Misiones: San Ignacio, near banks of Paraná, Jan. 2012, P. Goloboff, 1♂ (FML-ARAN 02231).

COMMENTS: The specimens from Yahapé differ in the color of the booklung markings and the shape of the fovea. The specimen of San Ignacio, differs by its larger size and the legs with just metatarsi and tarsi lighter than the rest of the segments. In the absence of additional specimens, it seems best to include them in A. taragui , because of their similarity in other characters and their geographical proximity.