Orchamus massai Ünal, 2016

Ünal, Mustafa, 2016, Pamphagidae (Orthoptera: Acridoidea) from the Palaearctic Region: taxonomy, classification, keys to genera and a review of the tribe Nocarodeini I. Bolívar, Zootaxa 4206 (1), pp. 1-223 : 69-70

Orchamus massai Ünal , sp. nov.

( Figs. 3 , 36 , 272 , 300–305 , 839 )

Acinipe davisi (Uvarov) : Karabağ 1963: 677.

Acinipe davisi (Uvarov, 1949) : Demirsoy 1973: 427, partim; Weidner 1969: 162, partim. Orchamus davisi Uvarov, 1949 : Karabağ 1958: 125, partim.

Orchamus davisi Uvarov, 1949 : Massa 2009: 93, 99.

Orchamus yersini (Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1882) : Naskrecki & Ünal 1995: 408, partim.

Type locality. Turkey: Hatay Prov., Kısecik Köyü. Holotype: male (AİBÜEM).

Material examined. TURKEY: Hatay, Kısecik Köyü, Kızıl Dağ , 1795 m, 13.6.2005, 1♂ (Holotype) (leg. M. Ünal) ; Mersin, Aydıncık, Ovacık-Yeşilovacık , 130 m, 15.10.2010, 1♂ (leg. M. Ünal) ; Antalya, Alanya-Gazipaşa , 11.10.2010, 1♀ nymph (leg. M. Ünal) ; Hatay, Samandağı, Mağaracık , 10–30 m, 22.6.1993, 1♀ (leg. M. Ünal & P. Naskrecki) (AİBÜEM) ; Osmaniye, Olukbaşı Yaylası , 1600 m, 5.8.2002, 1♀ (leg. A. Hasbenli) ( MAZM) ; Asia Minor, [Mersin], Silifke , 10.5.1962, 1♀, 9.4.1963, 1♀ (leg. Ressl) ( Massa 2009) ( NMW).

Description. Male (Holotype): Body ( Fig. 300 ) elongated and cylindrical as in the genus. Fastigium of vertex ( Fig. 301 ) narrow, elongated, depressed and slightly sloping. Frontal ridge strongly protruded above the median ocellus, with a deep frontal sulcus. Vertex ( Fig. 301 ) between the eyes narrow, 2.2 times narrower than vertical diameter and 1.5 times narrower than transversal diameter of eye; supraocellar foveola disitict; supraocular foveola absent. Eye ( Fig. 302 ) large and oval, 1.4 times longer than wide. Antennae with 14 segments, basal segments flattened. Pronotum ( Figs. 301, 302 ) compressed laterally; lateral carinae practically absent; median carina distinct, slightly raised, strongly and widely intersected by typical transverse sulcus; prozona slightly concex in lateral view, in other male more convex; metazona very short, lower than prozona, almost straight in lateral view; anterior margin of pronotum convex, posterior margin broad and shallow triangularly incised, in the other male posterior margin concave in dorsal view; prozona 3.5 times longer than metazona. Tegmina ( Fig. 301, 302 ) squamipterous, narrow, slightly widening backwards, rounded at apex slightly surpassing end of first tergite, 3.2 times longer than wide. Prosternum swollen, almost cubic, anterior margin carinate and straight, in the other male slightly concave, posterior corners with a distinct tubercle. Mesosternal interspace narrow and long, 1.5 times longer than wide and 1.5 times narrower than mesosternal lobes. Arolium very large and wide, longer than the claws. Hind femur ( Fig. 272 ) very narrow and long, 4.2 times longer than its height, dorsal margin slightly convex, very indistinctly serrated, ventral margin almost straight. Hind tibia with 10 inner, 9–10 outer spines, dorsal side with long hairs. Large tympanum concealed under the apical part of tegmina. Krauss’ organ with transversal fine ridges. Abdominal tergites not raised, with a small posterior projection. Supra-anal plate divided into 2 parts by a distinct transversal suture; with a longitudinal sulcus, wide in anterior part and much narrower in posterior part; sharply pointed hind margin. Aedeagus ( Figs. 36 a, d) narrow at apex slightly curved foreward, with a small and acute sharp projection posteriorly; tumida of zygoma distinct ( Figs. 36 a, b); tumida of cingulum absent; apodemes very broad, wider than basal valves of penis; epiphallus long and narrow, compressed laterally, with small ancorae, pseudolophi long and narrow with many distinct spines (28–31), posterior margin broadly rounded ( Fig. 36 c).

Female: Body ( Fig. 303 ) as in male but larger. Fastigium of vertex ( Fig. 304 ) short, horizontal and depressed. Frontal ridge with a very deep and wide frontal groove. Vertex ( Fig. 304 ) between the eyes 1.5 times narrower than vertical diameter and 1.1 times wider than transversal diameter of eye. Eye ( Fig. 305 ) long oval, 1.6 times longer than wide. Antenna as in male, with 14 segments. Pronotum ( Figs. 304, 305 ) compressed laterally, roof-shaped, without lateral carinae; median carina slightly raised, convex in lateral view, strongly intersected by typical transverse sulcus; metazona very short, 3.8 times shorter than prozona. Tegmina ( Fig. 304 ) narrow, 3.3 times longer than wide, narrowly rounded at apex, not reaching to end of first abdominal tergite, but reaching to end of tympanum. Prosternum distinctly swollen, anterior margin raised as a low collar, concave in the middle, posterior swollen part with irregular small tubercles. Mesosternal interspace narrow, 1.75 times longer than wide and slightly narrower than mesosternal lobes. Metanotum and first abdominal tergite clearly ascending in lateral view ( Fig.

305); other tergites almost horizontal. Metanotum and abdominal tergites with slightly raised median carina in posterior parts with a small projection posteriorly. Krauss’ organ as in male. Hind femur 4.4 times longer than its height, dorsal margin slightly convex, ventral margin straight, finelly and bluntly serrated. Hind tibia with 10 inner, 10 outer spines, dorsal side with long hairs which sparser than male. Arolium large and wide, slightly shorter than claws. Supra-anal plate as in male. Subgenital plate slightly longer than wide, almost rectangular, posterior margin with 4 rounded lateral and 1 triangular, shorter median projection. Ovipositor with short, stout and blunt valves.

Coloration. Male: Body greyish-brown with black and creamish spots, and patterns. Gena and ventral half of clypeus creamish. Basal half of antennal segments blackish, apex creamish-brown; apical 4 segments brown. Dorsal surface of head and eyes brown. Supraocellar foveola black. Pronotum brown with short black stripes and spots; ventral part of paranota cream. Outer surface of hind femur creamish with 3 transversal greenish-grey bands, with black spots along the dorsal and ventral carinae; inner and outer sides of genicular lobes blackened. Inner surface of hind tibia pinkish-red; basal parts of inner spines purple, mid parts cream and the tips black; inner half of dorsal surface pinkish-red, outer half body color with small blue or black spots, outer spines as the inner ones but their base bluish or blackish. Inner side of first 2 segments of tarsus pinkish-red, remaining part cream with small black spots. Abdomen greyish-brown with black and cream spots. Female: Body light brown with black spots, lighter than males. The cream parts of head and abdomen as in male, but weaker. Inner surface of hind femur dark milky brown with distinct black spots along dorsal and ventral carinae; genicular lobes creamish-brown. Inner surface of hind tibia weakly pink, inner spines as in male but with blackish or bluish base, outer spines with weakly darkened basal parts. Inner side of the first segment of tarsus weakly pink, remaining part body color.

Diagnosis. This new species is most related to O. yersini (Brunner) s.l. by the external appearance and the coloration of hind lengs in the Anatolian population of O. yersini s.l., but, it is easily distinguished by the structures of phallic complex, especially the shape of aedeagus which is quite narrow and pointed at apex (very distinctly wide and truncated at apex in O. yersini ), the hind leg coloration, pinkish-red tibia with darkened base of spines (tibia and spines body color in the Syrian, Lebanese, Israeli specimens, but with the same coloration in Anatolian populations), the less raised prozona of pronotum (variable but more raised prozona in O. yersini yersini including the type, but more similar prozona seen in O. yersini davisi ). Actually it is not easy to distinguish and identify the species using only females and also males without the genitalia, but the male phallic complex easily distinguishes the new species.

Measurements (mm). Holotype (male): body length 37.2; pronotum length 5.8 (prozona 4.5, metazona 1.3); pronotum height 5.7; pronotum width anterior 6.1; pronotum width posterior 6.8; tegmina length 6.1; tegmina width 1.9; hind femur length 16; hind femur height 3.8. Paratypes: body length: male 34.8–37.2, female 61.3–67.9; pronotum length: male 5.8–6.2, female 10.8–11; pronotum height: male 5.7–6.2, female 10.4–11.1; pronotum width anterior: male 5.9–6.1, female 9.5–9.9; pronotum width posterior: male 6.2–6.8, female 11.3–11.6; tegmina length: male 6.1–6.4, female 8.9–9.3; tegmina width: male 1.8–1.9, female 2.7–3; hind femur length: male 14.5– 16, female 22.9–23.8; hind femur height: male 3.6–3.8, female 5.2–5.4.

Etymology. This new species is named in honor of Prof. Dr. Bruno Massa (University of Palermo) for his very important contributions to Pamphagidae as well as the genus Orchamus .

Remarks. Karabağ (1963) recorded several specimens from İçel, Gözne in Turkey. These specimens may belong to this new species rather than O. y. davisi or O. y. yersini . Two genitalia published by Massa (2009: 94, 98 Figs 28, 29 , 42, 43 ) from Latakia (Syria) and Guzeluluk [Güzeloluk] (Turkey) belong to this new species. Possibly all specimens of O. davisi in Massa (2009: 93) belong to this new species. On the other hand Massa (2009: 94, Fig. 22 ) also gave genitalia of O. yersini from Latakia (Syria). It seems that both species O. yersini and O. massai sp. nov. are found in Latakia. It should be stated here that the location “Akbés” given by Massa (2009) is now in Hatay Province of Turkey.

Figures

FIGURE 839. Distribution of the new species and subspecies of the tribes Thrinchini, Pamphagini and Tropidauchenini.

FIGURES 1 – 5. Male phallic complexes in 5 tribes. A phallus lateral, B phallus dorsal, C epiphallus. 1 Pezotmethis tartarus tartarus (Thrinchini); 2 Haplotropis brunneriana (Haplotropiidini); 3 Orchamus massai (Pamphagini); 4 Saxetania (Cryptonothrotes) pseudoaptera (Tropidauchenini); 5 Paranocarodes beieri (Nocarodeini). Abbreviations: a: apodemes; abvp: apical end of basal valves of penis; ae: aedeagus; an: ancorae; ana: apical notch of apodemes; ap: anterior projection; avp: apical valves of penis; az: arch of zygoma; bvp: basal valves of penis; dvc: dorsal valves of cingulum; lasp: lateral aperture of sheath of penis; p: pseudolophi; plp: postero-lateral projection; plz: posterior lobes of zygoma; pmp: postero-median projection; rc: rami of cingulum; sp: sheath of penis; tc: tumida of cingulum; tz: tumida of zygoma; wb: white band; z: zygoma.

FIGURES 32 – 43. Male phallic complex. a phallus lateral, b phallus dorsal, c epiphallus, d phallus posterior view. 32 Prionosthenus gueleni; 33 Ocnerosthenus brunnerianus; 34 Ocneropsis bethlehemita; 35 Orchamus yersini yersini; 36 Orchamus massai; 37 Paracinipe zebrata; 38 Tropidauchen escalerai; 39 Saxetania (s. str.) cultricolle cultricolle; 40 Saxetania (Cryptonothrotes) pseudoaptera; 41 Saxetania (Mistshenkoella) gorochovi; 42 Paranocarodes straubei; 43 Paranocarodes fieberi. Scales 1 mm (short scale for a, b, c; long scale for d).

FIGURES 259 – 281. Habitus and body parts. 259 – 260 Haplotropis brunneriana, 259 male, 260 female. 261 – 262 krauss’ organ, 261 Ocnerosthenus simulans, male; 262 Prionosthenus femoralis, female; 263 Paranocarodes anatoliensis anatoliensis, without krauss’ organ. 264 Finotia maxima, pronotum. 265 – 267 ventral view of hind femur in female, 265 Tropidauchen escalerai; 266 Paranocarodes turkmen; 267 Bufonocarodes robustus. 268 – 269 male supra-anal plate, 268 Paracinipe saharae; 269 Orchamus yersini davisi. 270 – 271 female antenna, 270 Orchamus yersini yersini; 271 Ocneropsis bethlehemita. 272 – 273 male hind femur, 272 Orchamus massai; 273 Ocnerosthenus kneuckeri. 274 – 277 mesosternal interspace in female, 274 Orchamus yersini yersini; 275 Prionosthenus galericulatus; 276 Ocneropsis bethlehemita; 277 Ocnerosthenus simulans. 278 – 281 eye, 278 Ocneropsis bethlehemita, male; 279 ditto female; 280 Ocnerosthenus kneuchkeri, male; 281 Ocnerosthenus simulans, female.

FIGURES 296 – 311. Habitus and body parts. 296 – 297 Orchamus yersini yersini, 296 male lectotype; 297 female paralectotype. 298 – 299 Orchamus yersini davisi, 298 male paratype; 299 female holotype. 300 – 305 Orchamus massai, 300 male holotype, habitus; 301 ditto head, pronotum and tegmina dorsal; 302 ditto lateral; 303 female paratype, habitus; 304 ditto head, pronotum and tegmina dorsal; 305 ditto lateral. 306 Orchamus kaltenbachi, head, pronotum and tegmina in male holotype. 307 Orchamus hebraeus, head, pronotum and tegmina in male. 308 – 309 Orchamus gracilis, habitus, 308 male; 309 female lectotype. 310 – 311 Orchamus raulinii, habitus, 310 male; 311 female.

FIGURES 17 – 31. Male phallic complex. a phallus lateral, b phallus dorsal, c epiphallus, d phallus posterior view. 17 Tmethis pulchripennis (asiaticus); 18 Atrichtmethis semenovi; 19 Melanotmethis fuscipennis fuscipennis; 20 Pezotmethis tartarus tartarus; 21 Glyphanus obtusus; 22 Asiotmethis limbatus; 23 Glyphotmethis escherichi escherichi; 24 Utubius syriacus; 25 Strumiger desertorum desertorum; 26 Thrinchus campanulatus campanulatus; 27 Filchnerella beicki; 28 Mongolotmethis gobiensis gobiensis; 29 Beybienkia lithophila; 30 Eotmethis nasutus; 31 Haplotropis brunneriana. Scales 1 mm (short scale for a, b, c; long scale for d).