Paranocarodes straubei ( Fieber, 1853 )

Ünal, Mustafa, 2016, Pamphagidae (Orthoptera: Acridoidea) from the Palaearctic Region: taxonomy, classification, keys to genera and a review of the tribe Nocarodeini I. Bolívar, Zootaxa 4206 (1), pp. 1-223 : 95-98

Paranocarodes straubei ( Fieber, 1853)

( Figs. 42 , 344, 369–370 , 391–392 , 396, 411–412 , 840 )

Pamphagus Straubei Fieber: Fieber 1853 : 127, partim.

Pamphagus (Nocarodes) Straubei Fieb. : Stål 1876: 29.

P[amphagus] Straubei Fisch.: I. Bolívar 1878a: 439, under the genus Nocarodes .

Nocarodes Straubei Fieber : Brunner von Wattenwyl 1882: 188, 189; Werner 1901: 282, partim; Jacobson 1905: 200, 298, sensu Bey-Bienko & Mistshenko 1951; I. Bolívar 1912: 7; Kirby 1910: 355, partim.

Paranocarodes straubei ( Fieber, 1853) : I. Bolívar 1916: 23; Uvarov 1949a: 5; Karabağ 1958: 115; Weidner 1969: 158; Harz 1975: 151, partim; Presa & Garcia 1983: 25; Heller et al. 1998: 61; Jabbari et al. 2015: 37.

Paranocarodes straubei Fieb. : Ebner 1919: 173, partim; Ramme, 1951: 278, 279.

Paranocarodes straubei (Fieb.) : Bey-Bienko & Mistshenko 1951: 341.

Paranocarodes sp.: Karabağ et al. 1971: 86, partim.

Paranocarodes straubei straubei ( Fieber, 1853) : Demirsoy 1973: 410, 411, partim; Harz 1975: 154; Demirsoy 1977: 62, partim; Otte 1994: 185; Willemse & Willemse 2008: 42.

Paranocarodes straubei straubei Fieber, 1853 : Ünal 1999: 247.

Type locality. Turkey, Bursa. Lectotype ( MfN), here designated.

Material examined. TURKEY: Brussa [Bursa], 1♂, [June, 1847], (Lectotype) (leg. F. G. Straube) ; Amasia, 1860 1♂ (leg. Mann) ( MfN); Brussa [Bursa], 1♂ (Paralectotype) (leg. Straube) ( NHMUK); [Bursa], Gemlik, 1930, 1♀ (leg. Sureya) ; Asia Minor, 1♂, 1♀ ; Belgrade forest, 24.7.1918, 1♂, 27.5.1920, 1♀ ; Uludag ( Mt. Olympus ), 1700–2000 m, 1♂ (leg. M. Burr) ; İstanbul , Forest of Belgrad , 7.4.1947, 2♂, 4♀ nymphs (leg. M. Burr) ; İstanbul , Belgrad forest , 1♂ (leg. N. Biker); Nr . İstanbul , Belgrad ormanı, 100 ft, 12.5.1960, 1♂, 6♀ nymphs (leg. K. M. Guichard & D. H. Harvey) ( NHMUK) ; Bursa, Uludağ , 9.8.1967, 1♂ ; İzmit, Ballıkayalar Milli Parkı, Demirciler Köyü , 15.6.2004, 1♂, 1♀ (leg. A. Hasbenli) ; İstanbul , European part, Atatürk Arboretumu , 10.6.2008, 1♂, 1♀ (leg. M. Ünal) ; Bursa Orhangazi, Üreğil-Mahmudiye , 350 m, 17.6.2010, 1♂ (leg. M. Ünal) ; Yalova, Sugören, Höyüktepe , 660 m, 3.7.2009, 1♂, 1♀ (leg. A. Erden) ; Eskişehir, Sündiken Dağı, Türkmen Tepesi, 1500 m , 10.6.2014, 1♂ (leg. M. Ünal, A. G. Bugrov & I. E. Jetybayev) (all in AİBÜEM); Brussa, 1863, 2♀ (leg. Mann) ( NMW); Konstantinopoly [ İstanbul ], 1♀ (det. W. Ramme) ( NMW) ; Türkei, Thrazien , Belgrad ormanı, 25.5.1968, 1♂ (leg. Bauer) ; Trapezunt [Trabzon], 1♂ (det. Br. v.W.) ; Türkei, 2♂, 2♀ (det. Fieber as straubei ) (Paralectotypes) ( NMW); Anatolien , 1♂, 1♀ (leg. Jelski) ( ZIN) ; İstanbul , Yakacık , 9.6.1947, 2♂, 1♀ (det. Karabağ) ( AÜZM) ; BULGARIA: Ropatomo, 3.7.1964, 1♂ (leg. G. Peschev), Ropatomo , 21.6.1963, 1♀ (leg. M. Aranassova) ( ZIN).

Distribution. Known from N.W. Turkey, both in European and Asian sides. Bursa, İstanbul , Yalova, İzmit, Eskişehir, Kırklareli provinces. S.E. Bulgaria ( Fig. 840 ).

Remarks. Fieber (1853: 127) described this species after the material from “Türkei (Straube), Cypern (Frydvaldsky. Fieber)”. Brunner (1882: 189) correctly gave the distribution of this species in the Bosphorus and northern part of Asia Minor, without Cyprus. Uvarov (1949: 5) presumed the type locality of this species as N. W. Turkey. The collector of this species, Franz Gustav Straube, was in İstanbul between May 24th and June 21 th, and between July 15th and July 29th 1847; in Bursa (Olimpo mount [Uludağ] at June, 1847 and near Nilüfer river via Gemlik port) between June 22 th and July 14th 1847 (Fernando C. Straube grandson of Straube, pers. comm.). It is clear that the type specimens were collected from İstanbul and Bursa provinces. Ramme (1951: 279) considered the males in the MfN collected by Straube as paratypes, but a lectotype has never been designated till now, Therefore the type serie is still syntypic. All the type specimens preserved in the NMW, MfN and NHMUK were studied and the male collected from Bursa preserved in the MfN is designated as lectotype.

On the other hand, one female collected in 1863 from Cyprus is identified as Paranothrotes sulcatus (I. Bolívar) herein. The previous specimen from Cyprus in Brunner (1882) is possibly P. sulcatus .

It seems that a series of specimens of several taxa with “Amasia” label in some collections were probably mislabelled. These taxa are Paranocarodes straubei , P. fieberi in the MfN, Nocaracris burri , N. furvus in the NMW. They are not found in Amasya Province of Turkey, but all are found in western Turkey. The only male of P. straubei from Trabzon, also far from the distributional area, has the same problem in the NMW.

Demirsoy (1973) recorded this species from Akşehir which should be confirmed. It may be P. anatoliensis anamas ssp. nov. or P. brevipes Ramme rather than the other species.

Jabbari et al. (2015: 37) surprisingly recorded this species from Khorasan, E. Iran and which very probably belongs to another species, should be confirmed.

Figures

FIGURE 840. Distribution of the species and subspecies of genus Paranocarodes.

FIGURES 32 – 43. Male phallic complex. a phallus lateral, b phallus dorsal, c epiphallus, d phallus posterior view. 32 Prionosthenus gueleni; 33 Ocnerosthenus brunnerianus; 34 Ocneropsis bethlehemita; 35 Orchamus yersini yersini; 36 Orchamus massai; 37 Paracinipe zebrata; 38 Tropidauchen escalerai; 39 Saxetania (s. str.) cultricolle cultricolle; 40 Saxetania (Cryptonothrotes) pseudoaptera; 41 Saxetania (Mistshenkoella) gorochovi; 42 Paranocarodes straubei; 43 Paranocarodes fieberi. Scales 1 mm (short scale for a, b, c; long scale for d).

FIGURES 344 – 374. Body parts. 344 – 353 tympanum, 344 Paranocarodes straubei, male; 345 ditto female; 346 Paranocarodes anatoliensis anatoliensis, male; 347 Paranocarodes chopardi, male; 348 ditto female; 349 Paranocarodes karabagi, female; 350 Nocaracris bodenheimeri, female without tympanum; 351 Nocaracris subrubratus, female without tympanum; 352 Nocaracris kosswigi, female; 353 Nocaracris judithae, female. 354 – 355 female abdominal tergites, 354 Paranocarodes karabagi; 355 Nocaracris judithae. 356 – 357 female vertex, 356 Neoparanothrotes borumandi; 357 Paranothrotes margaritae. 358 – 360 vertex dorsal view, 358 Pseudonothrotes levis, male; 359 ditto female; 360 Paranothrotes margaritae, female. 361 – 362 arolium of fore leg in male, 361 Eunothrotes dejugini; 362 Paranocarodes turkmen. 363 – 364 longitudinal sulcus of pronotum in male, 363 Paranothrotes gotvendicus, syntype; 364 Paranocarodes anatoliensis anatoliensis. 365 – 366 fastigium of vertex in female, 365 Paranothrotes siirt; 366 Paranocarodes turkmen. 367 – 370 head and pronotum, 367 Ebnerodes toelgi, male; 368 ditto female; 369 Paranocarodes straubei, male; 370 ditto female. 371 – 374 head and pronotum, dorso-lateral, 371 Turkanocaracris levigatus, male holotype; 372 ditto female paratype; 373 Nocarodes balachowskyi, male; 374 ditto female. Abbreviations: nsa: neighbour stigmal area, s: stigma, t: tympanum.

FIGURES 375 – 394. Body parts. 375 – 376 female hind femur, 375 Nocarodes sanctidavidi; 376 Nocaracris tridentatus. 377 – 378 Iranacris dentatus, female holotype, 377 frontal ridge lateral; 378 prosternum. 379 – 380 Nocarodes sanctidavidi, female, 379 frontal ridge lateral; 380 prosternum. 381 – 382 female pronotum, 381 Bufonocarodes robustus, paratype; 382 Nocarodes serricollis. 383 – 384 lateral carinae of pronotum in male, 383 Bufonocarodes robustus, holotype; 384 Nocarodes balachowskyi. 385 – 388 head lateral, 385 Araxiana woronowi, male; 386 ditto female; 387 Nocaracris rubripes, male; 388 ditto female. 389 – 390 female metasternum, 389 Araxiana woronowi; 390 Nocaracris rubripes. 391 – 394 frontal ridge, 391 Paranocarodes straubei, male lectotype; 392 ditto frontal view in female; 393 Paranocarodes tolunayi paphlagonicus, male; 394 ditto frontal view in female.

FIGURES 395 – 412. Body parts and habitus. 395 – 396 female tympanum, 395 Paranocarodes karabagi, without tympanum; 396 Paranocarodes straubei. 397 – 400 hind femur, 397 Paranocarodes beieri, female; 398 ditto male; 399 Paranocarodes brevipes, female; 400 ditto male. 401 – 403 tympanum, 401 Paranocarodes chopardi, female; 402 Paranocarodes anatoliensis anamas, female paratype; 403 ditto male paratype. 404 – 406 male habitus dorsal, 404 Paranocarodes turkmen, paratype; 405 Paranocarodes anatoliensis anatoliensis; 406 Paranocarodes lubricus (holotype of P. cilicicus). 407 – 410 hind tibia, 407 Paranocarodes lubricus, male right tibia; 408 ditto female; 409 Paranocarodes anatoliensis anatoliensis, male left tibia; 410 ditto female. 411 – 412 Paranocarodes straubei, habitus, 411 male lectotype; 412 female.