Tenthredo grahami, Malaise, 1945

Xiao, Wei, Niu, Gengyun & Wei, Meicai, 2020, Two new species of the Tenthredo grahami group from China (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae), with a revised key to species, Zoological Systematics 45 (2), pp. 118-125 : 124

Key to species of Tenthredo grahami group.

1. Frons including frontal walls entirely black.........................................................................................................................................2

Frontal wall green .............................................................................................................................................................................. 10

2. First antennomere yellow green; penis valve without apical process................................................................................................... 3

First antennomere largely or entirely black; penis valve with or without apical process .....................................................................4

3. Mesepisternum green without black stripe; interspaces between punctures on mesonotum not smooth; microsculptured; mesepisternum flat; black frontal macula not extending backward along lateral of postocellar area (Distribution. China (Jilin), Northeastern Asia)............................................................................................................................... T. pseudolivacea Malaise, 1931

Mesepisternum green with a distinct black stripe; interspaces between punctures on mesonotum smooth, without distinct microsculpture; mesepisternum triangularly elevated at middle; black frontal macula much extending backward along lateral of postocellar area (Distribution. Kashmir, Hymalayas )............................................................................ T. nigromaculata Smith, 1878

4. Thorax mainly black, mesepisternum with 2 large yellow green maculae; middle and hind femora entirely black, each tibia yellow green with black base and apex; pterostigma black; postocellar area with a black middle macula (Distribution. China (Tibet )) .......... ..................................................................................................................................................................... T. nigrobullifera sp. nov.

Thorax green, mesepisternum with a narrow black stripe or entirely green; legs green with longitudinal black stripe; pterostigma green or pale brown.............................................................................................................................................................................. 5

5. Supraantennal tubercles quite low, clearly broader than height; black frontal macula transverse elliptical, not extending backward, bottom of middle fovea entirely green; postocellar area more than 2 times as long as broad; mesepisternum flat and entirely green; penis valve with a narrow but not very long apical process (Distribution. China (Gansu, Shaanxi, Henan )) ........................................ .................................................................................................................................................................. T. flatopectalina Wei, 2002

Supraantennal tubercles high, not broader than height; black frontal macula not transverse elliptical, distinctly extending backward, bottom of middle fovea partly or entirely black; postocellar area less than 2 times as long as broad; mesepisternum elevated at middle or with a distinct black stripe; penis valve with or without apical process...........................................................................................6

6. Dorsum of head with an Ω- like black macula ending with a hook near posterior corner of postocellar area; ratio of length and breadth of supraantennal tubercles not less than 3; penis valve without apical process (Distribution. Widespread in North and Central China, Russia Far East and Japan)......................................................................................................................... T. omega (Takeuchi, 1936)

Dorsum of head with a subquadrate black macula and without a hook near posterior corner of postocellar area; ratio of length and breadth of supraantennal tubercles less than 3; penis valve usually with a distinct apical process ......................................................7

7. Anterior incision of clypeus round, deeper than 0.3 times clypeus length; a transverse black band present between clypeus and supraclypeus; each abdominal tergite with a sickle like black band; mesepisternum flat; body length 10 mm. Liaoning .............................. ........................................................................................................................................................................ T. tombi Mallach, 1936

Anterior incision of clypeus shallow, less than 0.25 times clypeus length; a transverse black band absent between clypeus and supraclypeus; 2nd abdominal tergite with a black band much longer than black bands on other tergites; body length 12.0– 13.5mm ........ 8

8. Bottom of middle fovea black; mesepisternum flat and smooth; basal black band on each of abdominal tergite narrow, black band on 2nd tergite clearly narrower than half length of the tergite; ovipositor sheath very narrow; penis valve with a very long and slender apical process (Distribution. China (Hubei, Sichuan, Tibet ))....................................................................... T. bullifera Malaise, 1945

Bottom of middle fovea green; mesepisternum distinctly elevated at middle and with fine microsculptures; basal black band on each of abdominal tergite broad, black band on 2nd tergite longer than half length of the tergite; ovipositor sheath broad; penis valve with a short and stout apical process (Distribution. Widespread in North and Central China)............. T. pseudobullifera Wei & Liu, 2013

9. Supraantennal tubercles clearly higher than broad; black bands on abdominal tergites 2–4 large and clearly separated, clearly larger than black bands on tergites 6–8; apical process of penis valve very long and slender (Distribution. China (Henan, Shanxi, Shaanxi and Sichuan )) .......................................................................................................................................... T. pseudograhami Wei, 2002

Supraantennal tubercles as high as broad; black bands on abdominal tergites 2–4 very narrow and indistinct, or quite large and not separated at middle; black bands on tergites 6–7 not smaller than black bands on tergites 3–4, or penis valve without apical process ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................10

10. Each black band on abdominal tergites not shorter than half length of each tergite........................................................................... 11

Black bands on tergites 1–4 clearly shorter than half length of tergite...............................................................................................12

11. Black bands on abdominal tergites 2–8 as long as half-length of tergite; penis valve round at apex and without process (Distribution. India) ................................................................................................................................................. T. gulmargi Singh & Saini, 1987

Black bands on abdominal tergites 2–8 longer than 0.7 times the length of tergite; penis valve with a long apical process (Distribution. China (Sichuan, Tibet )) ................................................................................................................................ T. megamaculata sp. nov.

12. Black bands on abdominal tergites 2–8 very narrow and about equal in length; penis valve round at apex, without process (Distribution. China (Shanxi, Henan, Sichuan ))................................................................................................................. T. grahami Malaise, 1945

Black bands on abdominal tergites 6–7 broad, tergites 2–5 almost absent; penis valve with a very long and slender apical process (Distribution. China (Tibet )) ............................................................................................................ T. paragrahami Wei & Liu, 2013