Karschia (Karschia) trisetalis, Fan & Zhang & Zhang, 2024

Fan, Wenlong, Zhang, Chao & Zhang, Feng, 2024, Two new species of Karschia Walter, 1889 from Xizang, China (Solifugae, Karschiidae), Biodiversity Data Journal 12, pp. e 129933-e 129933 : e129933-

Karschia (Karschia) trisetalis sp. nov.

Materials

Type status: Holotype. Occurrence: recordedBy: Zhiyong Di; sex: male; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: 084080C6-C1DB-5626-A46C-C7C5452E9050; Taxon: scientificName: Karschia (Karschia) trisetalis ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Xizang Autonomous Region; county: Luozha; municipality: Shannan; locality: Zhari Town ; verbatimElevation: 4200 m; verbatimCoordinates: 28.2217 ° N, 90.4011 ° E; Identification: identifiedBy: Wenlong Fan; Event: year: 2021; month: August; day: 6; Record Level: institutionID: the Museum of Hebei University; institutionCode: MHBU-Sol-XZ 2021080601

Type status: Paratype. Occurrence: recordedBy: Zhiyong Di; sex: 1 male, 1 female; lifeStage: adult; occurrenceID: FE77A507-E754-5057-8914-A5E32447E218; Taxon: scientificName: Karschia (Karschia) trisetalis ; Location: country: China; stateProvince: Xizang Autonomous Region; county: Luozha; municipality: Shannan; locality: Zhari Town ; verbatimElevation: 4200 m; verbatimCoordinates: 28.2217 ° N, 90.4011 ° E; Identification: identifiedBy: Wenlong Fan; Event: year: 2021; month: August; day: 6; Record Level: institutionID: the Museum of Hebei University; institutionCode: 1 male MHBU-Sol-XZ 2021080602 and 1 female MHBU-Sol-XZ 2021080603

Description

Adult male (holotype) (Fig. 6 A, B, Figs 7 , 8 , Fig. 10 C, D and F).

Measurements. Total body length 16.53, CH 1.65, CL 4.67, CW 1.49, PL 2.09, PW 3.04, A / CP 8.16, CL / CH 2.83. Pedipalp 18.68 (4.26, 5.56, 3.99, 2.1), leg Ⅰ 13.57 (2.95, 3.69, 2.37, 1.19), leg Ⅱ 10.79 (2.09, 2.82, 1.97, 0.92), leg Ⅲ 14.76 (3.02, 3.78, 2.86, 0.98), leg Ⅳ 22.92 (5.03, 5.82, 4.22, 1.51).

Coloration. General body colouration pale yellowish with opisthosoma slightly darker; a chestnut pigmentation may be present on distal areas of the propeltidium, on the pedipalps (from the femur to the tarsus) and dorsal surface of the legs (from the femur to the tarsus) (Fig. 6 A and B). Cheliceral manus predominantly yellowish, with some black areas and, in retrolateral view, with three black longitudinal stripes; cheliceral fingers russet with apices burnt umber (Fig. 7 A and B). Opisthosomal tergites black and the side of sternites black.

Prosoma. Propeltidium wider than long ratio of (i. e. PL / PH 0.69), with very thin, filiform hair-like setae and some bifurcated tip setae of different sizes perpendicular to the surface of the propeltidium (Fig. 7 D). Anterior arci with four spiniform setae of different sizes on each side of ocular tubercle, posterior arci bears a row of ten longer, thin, filiform setae. Ocular tubercle with four anterior medial spiniform setae, one central medial spiniform seta and two posterior medial spiniform setae (Fig. 7 D). Lateral lobes partially fused to the propeltidium and each lobe with one spiniform seta. Mesopeltidium and metapeltidium wider than long; mesopeltidium rhomboidal; metapeltidium rectangular.

Cheliceral dentition and processes. Fixed finger with median teeth series comprising three primary teeth ( FP, FM and FD), graded as FD ﹤ FP ﹤ FM; plus two secondary FSM, two secondary FSD and notably two tiny secondary FST teeth; profondal teeth series with four teeth (one tiny PFM, one tiny PFP, two tiny PFSP); retrofondal teeth series with four teeth ( RFA, RFM, RFP, RFSP); mucron with a larger dorsal crest and apex (FT tooth) tapering, curved and hook-shaped (Fig. 7 A, B, Fig. 8 A and B). Movable finger with median teeth series comprising two primary teeth ( MM and MP), two secondary MSM and four secondary MSP teeth; mucron without distinct prolateral flange (Fig. 7 A, B, Fig. 8 A and B).

Cheliceral setose areas and stridulatory plate. Retrolateral and dorsal surface of the manus with large bifurcated tip setae and short simple tip bristle-like setae (rlm series); retrolateral and dorsal surfaces of the fixed finger with simple tip setae of different sizes (rlf series) (Fig. 7 A and Fig. 8 A); prolateral surface with an array of setal types as follows: proventral distal setae (pvd) consisting of two rows of plumose setae, the ventral-most reaching the distal PFSP tooth and the dorsal-most reaching the prolateral interdigital condyle (pic); two pvd modified (= fcp); proventral subdistal setae (pvsd comb) forming a single row of only a few (i. e. 4–6) spindly setae; the promedial setae (pm) series made up of thin, barbed, simple tip bristle-like setae of reduced numbers; the proximal prodorsal area is covered with some long, simply tipped, non-barbed bristle-like setae (pdp); stridulatory apparatus without well-developed ridges, a clear dent occupying the ventral region of the stridulatory plate (Fig. 7 B and Fig. 8 B). Distal limit of the prolateral setose area of movable finger reaching the level of MSM tooth; movable finger prodorsal (mpd) setal series consisting of plumose setae arranged in a rather staggered row, adjacent to abundant non-plumose setae of the movable finger promedial (mpm) and proventral (mpv) setal series (Fig. 7 B and Fig. 8 B).

Cheliceral flagellar complex. Of the composite type, sessile and without fringe and lateral apophysis (Fig. 7 C and Fig. 8 E). Flagellum rotatable, long, rolled and structure immovably attached prodorsally to the fixed finger (Fig. 7 C and Fig. 8 E). Two medium-length flagellar complex plumose (fcp) setae located ventrally to the flagellum and three basally-swollen flagellar complex spiniform (fcs) setae arising dorsoproximally to the flagellar attachment point, the anterior-most angled forward in line with the fixed finger (Fig. 7 B, C and Fig. 8 E).

Opisthosoma. Entire surface covered with almost adpressed fine setae and numerous long, curved, bifurcate setae and tergites with abundant setae. Sternite Ⅲ with two posterior paramedian groups of long needle-like ctenidia, being gradually larger to posterior (Fig. 7 E and Fig. 8 H); sternite Ⅳ with a row of 13 short and thick columnar ctenidia (Fig. 7 F and Fig. 8 I).

Pedipalps. All segments covered with short fine setae and long, thick setae. Tarsus ventrally with eight short and strong spines, not symmetrical arrangement; metatarsus with four ventral spines above the papillae, not symmetrical arrangement and with thin sparse papillae (Fig. 10 D).

Legs. Leg I coated with abundant short setae similar to those on pedipalps, without stout or spiniform setae; tibia and metatarsus with few long thin setae, tarsus without spiniform setae; with two small claws. Tibiae Ⅱ and Ⅲ each with one distal spiniform seta dorsally and a pair of distal spiniform setae ventrally. Metatarsi Ⅱ and Ⅲ with a series of three spiniform setae and a pair of distal spiniform setae ventrally; metatarsus Ⅳ ventrally with two distal spiniform setae and three to five thick, spiniform setae arranged in a prolateral row. Legs totally covered with long, thick setae and short fine setae. Distal part of claw short, occupying approximately 1 / 5 of the claw length.

Adult female (paratype female) (Fig. 6 C, D and Figs 8 , 9 ). Mostly same as males, except where noted.

Measurements. Total body length 25.53, CH 3.12, CL 7.69, CW 2.67, PL 3.31, PW 5.45, A / CP 4.88, CL / CH 2.46. Pedipalp 18.84 (4.84, 5.60, 4.07, 1.56), leg Ⅰ 13.15 (2.35, 3.75, 2.40, 1.12), leg Ⅱ 13.06 (1.82, 2.75, 1.78, 2.75), leg Ⅲ 14.21 (2.93, 3.17, 2.15, 1.43), leg Ⅳ 21.70 (4.27, 5.70, 3.27, 1.57).

Coloration. General body colouration as the male (Fig. 6 C and D), except cheliceral manus in retrolateral view only with one black longitudinal stripe (Fig. 9 A).

Cheliceral dentition and processes. Fixed finger with median teeth series comprising three well-developed primary teeth ( FP, FM and FD), FD tooth size smaller, while FM and FP of similar size, plus two secondary FSD and two secondary FSM, all smaller than primary teeth, distal-most of each pair smallest, while the largest of each pair approaches the size of FD; retrofondal teeth series uninterrupted with nine teeth (five RFSP, RFP, RFM, two RFA); profondal teeth series consisting of four teeth (two PFSP, PFP, PFM) (Fig. 8 C, D, Fig. 9 A, B and C). Movable finger with median teeth series comprising two primary teeth ( MM and MP), similar in size, plus three secondary MST, two secondary MSM and three MSP teeth (Fig. 9 A, B and D).

Chelicera stridulatory plate. Stridulatory apparatus anteriorly with well-developed ridges (Fig. 8 D and Fig. 9 B).

Opisthosoma. Genital operculum typical triangular-shaped with clear demarcation between the plates; the central region being deeply indented on each side, whilst the posteror edge of the genital sternite is not chitinised and without clear opening (Fig. 8 F and Fig. 9 F). Sternite Ⅲ without ctenidia; only sternite Ⅳ with a row of 19 moderately-long and needle-like ctenidia centrally (Fig. 8 G and Fig. 9 G).

Pedipalps. Tarsus and metatarsus without spines and papillae.

Diagnosis

Karschia trisetalis sp. nov. differs in the male from other all Karschia species by the flagellar complex with three flagellar complex spiniform setae (fcs) (Fig. 7 C and Fig. 8 E). Males of Karschia trisetalis sp. nov. can also be diagnosed by the cheliceral fixed finger with two tiny subterminal teeth ( FST) (Fig. 7 A, C and Fig. 8 A). Females can be easily differentiated from other Karschia species by the central region of the genital plates deeply indented and genital opening visible between plates (Fig. 8 F and Fig. 9 F).

Etymology

The specific name is an adjectival combination of the Latin words “ tri ” (prefix from trēs, meaning three) with the noun “ seta ” (i. e. spiniform structures), plus the suffix " - ālis " (neuter - āle), Together, the name means " pertaining to three setae " as an adjective, referring to the flagellar complex of male chelicerae with three fcs.

Distribution

China (Xizang) (Fig. 5 ).

Figures

Figure 5. Map plotting known locality records.

Figure 6. Habitus. Karschia (Karschia) trisetalis sp. nov., habitus: A, B Male holotype; C, D Female paratype. Scale bars: 8 mm.

Figure 7. Karschia (Karschia) trisetalis sp. nov., male holotype. A Left chelicerae, retrolateral aspect; B Left chelicerae, prolateral aspect; C Flagellar complex, prolateral aspect; D Propeltidium, dorsal aspect. E. Ctenidia on sternite Ⅲ, ventral aspect; F Ctenidia on sternite IV, ventral aspect. Scale bars = 1.0 mm (A, B, D); 0.5 mm (C, E, F).

Figure 8. Karschia (Karschia) trisetalis sp. nov.: A Male left chelicera, retrolateral aspect; B Male Left chelicera, prolateral aspect; C Female left chelicera, retrolateral aspect; D Female left chelicera, prolateral aspect; E Male flagellum and fcs; F Female genital operculum, ventral aspect; G Female ctenidia on sternite IV, ventral aspect; H Male ctenidia on sternite Ⅲ, ventral aspect; I Male ctenidia on sternite IV, ventral aspect. Scale bars = 0.5 mm (E, H-I); 1.0 mm (A, B, F); 2.0 mm (C, D).

Figure 9. Karschia (Karschia) trisetalis sp. nov., female paratype: A Left chelicerae, retrolateral aspect; B Left chelicerae, prolateral aspect; C Dentition on left cheliceral fixed finger, ventral aspect; D Dentition on left cheliceral movable finger, ventral aspect; E Propeltidium, dorsal aspect; F Genital operculum, ventral aspect. G Ctenidia on sternite IV, ventral aspect. Scale bars = 0.5 mm (C, G); 1.0 mm (E, F); 2.0 mm (A, B).

Figure 10. A, B, E. Karschia (Karschia) shannan sp. nov., holotype male. C, D, F. Karschia (Karschia) trisetalis sp. nov., holotype male. A – D. Left pedipalpal metatarsus and tarsus. E, F. coxa of leg Ⅲ.