Anastrepha neptis Norrbom, 2021

Norrbom, Allen L., Muller, Alies, Gangadin, Anielkoemar, Sutton, Bruce D., Rodriguez, Erick J., Savaris, Marcoandre, Lampert, Silvana, Rodriguez, Pedro A., Steck, Gary J., Moore, Matthew R., Nolazco, Norma, Troya, Henry, Keil, Clifford B., Padilla, Anabel, Wiegmann, Brian M., Cassel, Brian, Branham, Marc & Ruiz-Arce, Raul, 2021, New species and host plants of Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae) primarily from Suriname and Pará, Brazil, Zootaxa 5044 (1), pp. 1-74 : 29-31

Anastrepha neptis Norrbom , new species

Figs. 12 , 55–58 , 89–90 , 115–116 , 135–136 , 159–160

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5736413C-9A99-4956-8218-473167B5497C

Diagnosis. Anastrepha neptis can be distinguished from other species of Anastrepha by the following combination of characters: Subscutellum entirely orange; mediotergite brown laterally; aculeus 1.26–1.66 mm long; aculeus tip with distal 0.36–0.49 slightly expanded, distal 0.49 or less minutely serrate or nonserrate. In the key of Zucchi et al. (2011) A. neptis runs to A. bahiensis Lima, from which it differs in having the subscutellum entirely orange, the V-band complete (usually incomplete in A. bahiensis ), and the aculeus tip more finely or not serrate. It is also similar to some other species of the fraterculus group, including A. amita Zucchi , from which it differs in having the aculeus tip longer compared to aculeus length (tip 0.19–0.22 times aculeus length vs. 0.16–0.17 in A. amita ) and more rapidly tapered and with finer or no serrations; A. canalis Stone and A. compressa Stone , from which it differs by having a longer aculeus tip with finer or no serrations and the lateral margin not dorsally curved; A. obliqua (Macquart) , from which it differs in having the aculeus tip longer and less extensively and more finely or not serrate; A. perdita Stone , from which it differs in having the V-band separate from the S-band, and the aculeus tip longer and less extensively and more finely or not serrate; A. sobrina Norrbom , from which it differs in having fewer hooklike dorsobasal denticles on the eversible membrane and the aculeus tip longer and less extensively and more finely or not serrate; and A. suspensa (Loew) , from which it differs in having the distal section of the S-band narrower, and the aculeus tip longer and more finely or not serrate. The aculeus tip resembles A. belenensis Zucchi , from which A. neptis differs in having the mediotergite brown laterally, and shorter terminalia (aculeus 2.50 mm long in A. belenensis ).

Two sequences of A. neptis ( MT672223 , MT672224 ), both from adult specimens from Brownsberg, Suriname, were included in the COI analysis by Moore et al. (in prep.). Both of the sequences are unique. Although many species of the fraterculus group cannot be distinguished by COI sequences, the sequences of A. neptis form a distinct cluster (i.e., with a COI barcode gap), with an intraspecific K2P distance of 0.2%. The smallest interspecific K2P distances were about 1.0% with specimens of the A. fraterculus complex from Ecuador ( MT884312 ) and Peru ( MN454443 ). Two subsequently obtained COI sequences, from adults from Brownsberg ( MZ702883 ) and Yasuní, Ecuador ( MZ702884 ) are identical to sequence MT672223 . A single partial ITS1 sequence from a female from Yasuní, Ecuador also differs from other species of the fraterculus group.

Description. Mostly yellow to orange. Setae red brown to dark red brown.

Head: Yellow to orange except brown ocellar tubercle. 4–5 frontal setae; 2 orbital setae, posterior seta well developed. Ocellar seta weak, 0.8–1.5 times as long as ocellar tubercle. Facial carina, in profile, straight or concave on dorsal two-thirds. Antenna not extended to ventral facial margin. Palpus in lateral view dorsally curved, evenly setulose.

Thorax: Mostly yellow to orange, most of scutum orange; with following areas white to pale yellow: postpronotal lobe and lateral margin of scutum bordering it; medial scutal vitta, ovoid posteriorly, extending laterally to slightly beyond acrostichal seta; sublateral scutal vitta from transverse suture to posterior margin, including base of intra-alar seta; scutellum except sometimes extreme base; dorsal margins of anepisternum and katepisternum; katepimeron; and most of anatergite and katatergite. Scuto-scutellar suture with or without irregular brown spot medially. Subscutellum entirely orange; mediotergite narrowly brown laterally. Mesonotum 2.12–3.00 mm long. Postpronotal lobe, notopleuron, scutum and scutellum entirely microtrichose; scutal setulae orange; non-setulose on narrow, elongate postsutural sublateral area. Chaetotaxy typical for genus. Katepisternal seta orange to red brown, one-third to slightly more than half length of anepisternal seta.

Legs: Entirely yellow to orange.

Wing ( Figs. 55–58 ): Length 4.60–6.52 mm, width 1.99–2.74 mm, ratio 2.27–2.38. Apex of vein R 1 at 0.53–0.55 wing length, proximal to level of anterior end of crossvein r-m. Cell c 1.09–1.27 times as long as pterostigma; pterostigma 3.21–3.39 times as long as wide. Vein R 2+3 not sinuous. Crossvein r-m at 0.63–0.66 distance from bm-m to dm-m on vein M 1. Vein M 1 moderately strongly curved apically; cell r 4+5 at apex 0.96–1.09 times as wide as at level of dm-m, 0.80 times as wide as maximum subapical width. Cell cu a with distal lobe relatively long, length of cu a 1.64–1.83 times as long as anterior margin, lobe 0.83–0.97 times as long as vein CuA+CuP. Wing pattern mostly orange and moderate brown. C-band mostly orange, cells bc and c slightly paler, pterostigma mostly moderate brown, distal margin of band in cells r 1 and r 2+3 narrowly brown, with small dark brown mark on fork of vein Rs, and in cell br with short to elongate irregular brown area in part anterior to cell bm and with small ovoid to triangular brown mark on distal margin of band. C-band and S-band connected along vein R 4+5; hyaline marginal spot in cell r 1 triangular, with apex aligned proximal to crossvein r-m. Basal hyaline area in cell dm relatively small. Basal half of S-band relatively broad, mostly orange, anterobasal margin mostly narrowly brown in cells br, r 1, and r 2+3, posterodistal margin narrowly brown anteriorly, more broadly posteriorly in cell m 4, extending to apex of lobe of cell cu a, with weak or no incision in cell m 4; distal section orange, with most of margins and part in cell r 4+5 moderate brown; moderately broad, at apex of vein R 2+3 0.50–0.62 times width of cell r 2+3, not extended to apex of vein M 1, without marginal hyaline areas; hyaline area proximal to apex of band extended to vein R 2+3. V-band with proximal arm relatively narrow, mostly brown, mostly orange to pale brown in cell r 4+5 and bordering most of crossvein dmm; separated from S-band but often with slight extensions along vein R 4+5 or rarely (1 Ecuador female) narrowly connected; on posterior margin extended three-quarters to four-fifths distance to vein CuA+CuP; distal arm medium width to very slender, mostly to entirely brown, connected to proximal arm or rarely (2 specimens) narrowly separated and not extended to vein R 4+5; hyaline area between arms of V-band and vein M 1 approximately half width of cell cell r 4+5.

Abdomen: Mostly orange, without brown markings.

Female terminalia: Oviscape 1.44–2.04 mm long, 0.60–0.68 times as long as mesonotum; entirely orange; spiracle at basal 0.29–0.39. Eversible membrane ( Figs. 89–90 ) with dorsobasal denticles in subtriangular pattern, with 20–25 relatively short hooklike denticles in 3–4 V-shaped rows. Aculeus ( Fig. 115–116 ) straight in lateral view, 1.26–1.66 mm long, 0.80–0.90 times oviscape length; in ventral view base moderately expanded, triangular, 0.17– 0.23 mm wide, shaft 0.09–0.11 mm wide at midlength; tip ( Fig. 135–136 ) 0.26–0.37 mm long, 0.19–0.22 times aculeus length, 0.094 –0.112 mm wide at base, 0.098 –0.112 mm preapically, 2.36–3.26 times as long as wide; in ventral view gradually tapered, distal 0.36–0.49 slightly expanded, distal 0.00–0.49 minutely serrate; 0.056 –0.060 mm wide in lateral view, 0.57–0.60 times ventral width. Spermathecae not examined.

Male terminalia ( Figs. 159–160 ): Epandrium shorter than high in lateral view, in posterior view with posterodorsal margin without medial V-shaped indentation. Lateral surstylus relatively long, extended beyond prensisetae by 2.40–2.80 times length of prensiseta; in lateral view elongate triangular, apical half slender, posteriorly curved; in posterior view elongate triangular, apex bluntly truncate, medial margin convex basally, concave subapically, lateral margin slightly convex. Proctiger with ventral and lateral sclerotized areas separated. Phallus 2.52–2.60 mm long, 1.04–1.21 times as long as mesonotum; glans 0.40–0.44 mm long.

Distribution. Anastrepha neptis is known from Brazil (Pará), Ecuador (Orellana), Peru (Loreto) and Suriname. In Suriname it was collected at Brownsberg and Fredberg.

Biology. In Suriname this species was reared from fruit of an unidentified red berry.

Type data. Holotype ♀ ( USNM USNMENT00875006 ), SURINAME: Brokopondo: Brownsberg Nature Park , [Irene Val trail, 4.9584°N 55.19082°W, 333 m,] trap BNP-ML-23, [16 May –] 21 Jun 2016, A. Gangadin . Paratypes: BRAZIL: Pará: Oriximiná, Porto Trombetas, F.N. Saracá-Taquera , 1°51.115’S 56°28.41’W, 89 m, multilure trap ST-ML-11, 1–14 Jan 2020, M. Savaris, A. L. Norrbom & S. Lampert, 1♀ ( USNM USNMENT01556635 ) ; Porto Trombetas, REBIO-Rio Trombetas, Tabuleiro base, 1°22.014’S 56°50.654’W, 90 m, multilure trap RB-ML- 14, 30 Jul–12 Aug 2019, M. Savaris, A. L. Norrbom & S. Lampert, 1♀ ( USNM USNMENT01556778 ) ; same, 1–14 Jan 2020, 1♀ ( MELQ USNMENT01556615 ) ; REBIO-Rio Trombetas, Tabuleiro base, 1°21.889’S 56°51.012’W, 54 m, multilure trap RB-ML-04, 30 Jul–12 Aug 2019, M. Savaris, A. L. Norrbom & S. Lampert, 1♀ ( MELQ USN- MENT01556779 ) . ECUADOR: Orellana: Estación Cientifica Yasuní, edge of 50 Ha parcel, North trail, near tree mark T8-0m, 0.68104°S 76.40326°W, 251 m, trap ECY-ML-03, 29 Nov–5 Dec 2018, A. Padilla, 1♀ ( USNM USN- MENT01354883 ) ; Estación Cientifica Yasuní, trail 2 Chorongo , 300 m from main road, 0.67698°S 76.40735°W, 237 m, trap ECY-ML-51, 3–9 Dec 2018, A. Padilla, 1♂ 2♀ ( QCAZ) 3♂ 2♀ ( USNM USNMENT01354760–63 , USNMENT01526576 ) ; trail 2 Chorongo , 400 m from main road, 50 m from first creek, 0.67679°S 76.4076°W, 241 m, trap ECY-ML-23, 28 Jun–4 Jul 2018, A. Padilla, 1♀ ( QCAZ) ; Estación Cientifica Yasuní , trail 5 Napo, third hill, tree mark T 9-275m, 0.67552°S 76.40114°W, 253 m, trap ECY-ML-33, 29 Nov–5 Dec 2018, A. Padilla, 1♂ 1♀ ( QCAZ) ; Estación Cientifica Yasuní , trail 8 Tinamou, 50 m from junction with trail 5 Napo, 0.67775°S 76.40152°W, 249 m, trap ECY-ML-57, 6–12 Dec 2018, A. Padilla, 1♀ ( USNM USNMENT01113591 ) ; trail 8 Tinamou , SW from station, 0.67724°S 76.4011°W, 232 m, trap ECY-ML-18, 17–23 May 2018, A. Padilla, 1♀ ( USNM USN- MENT01526575 ) . PERU: Loreto: ExplorNapo, Trail RenuPeru, 300 m before junction with Trail Curassow , 3.25702°S 72.9079°W, 135 m, trap EN-ML-50, 9–15 Jun 2015, U. Cabral, 1♀ ( MHNJP USNMENT00875626 ) ; ExplorNapo, trail from ACTS to Canopy walkway, 150 m beyond platform 14, 3.25214°S 72.90608°W, 124 m, trap EN-ML-13A, 26 Nov–2 Dec 2015, U. Cabral, 1♀ ( USNM USNMENT01355347 ) . SURINAME: Brokopondo: Brownsberg Nature Park, Leo Val trail, 4.95284°N 55.18799°W, 319 m, trap BNP-ML-28, 15 May–21 Jun 2016, A. Gangadin, 1♀ ( USNM USNMENT00875004 ) ; Brownsberg Nature Park, Witti Creek trail, 4.94162°N 55.1745°W, 336 m, trap BNP-ML-42, 12 Feb–15 Apr 2018, A. Gangadin, 1♀ ( USNM USNMENT01527088 ) ; Witti Creek trail, near mark 0.8 km, 4.94399°N 55.1774°W, 352 m, trap BNP-ML-14, 16 May–22 Jun 2016, A. Gangadin, 1♀ ( NZCS USNMENT00875007 ) ; Witti Creek trail, at detour, 4.94293°N 55.17639°W, 352 m, trap BNP-ML-13, 16 May–22 Jun 2016, A. Gangadin, 1♀ ( MAAHF) ; Fredberg , top, 4°38’53”N 55°29’40.2”W, 275 m, trap FB-ML-02 location, emerged 14 May 2018 reared ex fruit of red berry collected 21 Apr 2018, A. J. Hielkema & A. Muller F21128, 1♀ ( USNM USNMENT01526306 ) .

Etymology. The name of this species is a Latin noun in apposition meaning niece or granddaughter, following the theme of naming some species of the fraterculus group for family members ( fraterculus = little brother; sororcula = little sister; amita = aunt; matertela = aunt).

Comments. This species belongs to the fraterculus species group as indicated by the lateral brown marks on the mediotergite and the shape of the aculeus tip. In the COI analysis by Moore et al. (in prep.) the two sequences of A. neptis were grouped with other species of the fraterculus group.

Figures

FIGURES 11–12. Habitus: 11, A.mitaraka (French Guiana: Mitaraka, USNMENT00875225); 12, A. neptis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875006).

FIGURES 55–66. Wings: 55–58, A. neptis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875006; Ecuador: Yasuní, USN- MENT01354762, USNMENT01526575; Peru: ExplorNapo, USNMENT00875626); 59–61, A. sobrina (French Guiana: Mitaraka, USNMENT00875228, Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875613, USNMENT01354412); 62–64, A. surinamensis (Suriname: Farm Fleurkens, USNMENT00875032, Brownsberg, USNMENT00875033, USNMENT00875035); 65–66, A. tenebrosa (Peru: ExplorNapo, USNMENT00766120, USNMENT00875629).

FIGURES 85–91. Eversible membranes, dorsal unless otherwise indicated: 85–86, A. juxtalanceola (Brazil: REBIO-Rio Trombetas, USNMENT01113849; Suriname: Berg en Dal, USNMENT00875158), 87–88, A. microstrepha (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT01354490; 87, dorsoapical); 89–90, A. neptis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875006; 90, dorsoapical); 91, A. sobrina (French Guiana: Mitaraka, USNMENT00875228).

FIGURES 98–120. Aculei, ventral unless otherwise indicated: 98, A. aithogaster (Suriname: Brownsberg, USN- MENT00875210); 99, A. aliesae (Suriname: Coebitie, USNMENT00875194); 100, A. brownsbergiensis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875023); 101–102, A. curvivenis (Peru: Tarapoto, USNMENT0074464; Suriname: Brownsberg, US- NMENT00875205); 103, A. fuscoalata (Suriname: Coebitie, USNMENT00875201); 104–105, A. gangadini (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875037, USNMENT00875039); 106–107, A. juxtalanceola (Brazil: REBIO-Rio Trombetas, USNMENT01113849; Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875157); 108, A. microstrepha (Suriname: Brownsberg, US- NMENT01526060); 109, A. mitaraka (French Guiana: Mitaraka, USNMENT00875225); 110, A. surinamensis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875031); 111, A. tenebrosa (Peru: ExplorNapo, USNMENT00875629); 112, A. triangularis (Suriname: Berg en Dal, USNMENT00875026); 113–114, A. crassaculeus (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875105; 114, lateral); 115–116, A. neptis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875004; Peru: ExplorNapo, USNMENT00875626); 117, A. sobrina (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875613); 118, A. wachiperi (French Guiana: Mitaraka, USNMENT00875217); 119–120, A. wittiensis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT01526260; 120, lateral).

FIGURES 132–144. Aculeus tips, ventral unless otherwise indicated: 132–133, A. microstrepha (Suriname: Brownsberg, USN- MENT01526060; 133, lateral); 134, A. mitaraka (French Guiana: Mitaraka, USNMENT00875225); 135–136, A. neptis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875004; Peru: ExplorNapo, USNMENT00875626); 137, A. sobrina (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875613); 138, A. surinamensis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875031); 139, A. tenebrosa (Peru: ExplorNapo, USNMENT00875629); 140, A. triangularis (Suriname: Berg en Dal, USNMENT00875026); 141–143, A. wachiperi (French Guiana: Mitaraka, USNMENT00875217; Peru: Villa Carmen, USNMENT00744968; 143, lateral); 144, A. wittiensis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT01526260).

FIGURES 157–160. Male terminalia, lateral and posterior: 157–158, A. microstrepha (Suriname: Brownsberg, USN- MENT01527076); 159–160, A. neptis (Ecuador: Yasuní, USNMENT01354760).