Anastrepha sobrina Norrbom, 2021

Norrbom, Allen L., Muller, Alies, Gangadin, Anielkoemar, Sutton, Bruce D., Rodriguez, Erick J., Savaris, Marcoandre, Lampert, Silvana, Rodriguez, Pedro A., Steck, Gary J., Moore, Matthew R., Nolazco, Norma, Troya, Henry, Keil, Clifford B., Padilla, Anabel, Wiegmann, Brian M., Cassel, Brian, Branham, Marc & Ruiz-Arce, Raul, 2021, New species and host plants of Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae) primarily from Suriname and Pará, Brazil, Zootaxa 5044 (1), pp. 1-74 : 31-34

Anastrepha sobrina Norrbom , new species

Figs. 13 , 59–61 , 91 , 117 , 137 , 161–162

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:E23F52BB-86F6-484E-B9EF-828128DCE371

Anastrepha sororcula: Vayssières et al. 2013: 239 [misidentification].

Diagnosis. Anastrepha sobrina can be distinguished from other species of Anastrepha by the following combination of characters: Scutum, including scuto-scutellar suture, without brown markings; subscutellum entirely orange; mediotergite narrowly brown laterally; V-band not connected to S-band; aculeus 1.40–1.54 mm long, tip 0.13–0.16 mm long, with margins not dorsally curved and with very strong constriction prior to serrate distal 0.59–0.72. In the key of Zucchi et al. (2011) A. sobrina runs to A. sororcula Zucchi , which it strongly resembles, but it differs, at least from the specimens of A. sororcula studied (from Bolivia, Paraguay, and southern Brazil), in lacking lateral brown marks on the subscutellum and in having a stronger constriction on the aculeus tip (serrate part 1.06-1.10 times as wide as constriction in A. sobrina , 1.02-1.04 in A. sororcula ). Anastrepha sobrina also resembles A. turicai Blanchard , but differs in having the subscutellum entirely orange and a much stronger contriction on the aculeus tip proximal to the serrate part, and A. obliqua (Macquart) , which also lacks brown markings on the subscutellum and scuto-scutellar suture, but differs in having a much stronger contriction on the aculeus tip proximal to the serrate part, and the serrate part not slightly dorsally curved.

Three sequences of A. sobrina , from two adult specimens from Brownsberg, Suriname ( MT672179 , MT672180 ) and one from Mitaraka, French Guiana ( MT672178 ), were included in the COI analysis by Moore et al. (in prep.). Although many species of the fraterculus group cannot be distinguished by COI sequences, the sequences of A. sobrina form a distinct cluster (i.e., with a COI barcode gap), with an intraspecific distance of 0% (i.e., the 3 sequences were identical). The smallest interspecific K2P distance was 0.6% with a specimen of the A. fraterculus complex from Peru ( DQ116203 ). The smallest interspecific K2P distance with the seven sequences of A. sororcula in the data set was 1.2%. Two subsequently obtained COI sequences ( MZ702876 , MZ702877 ) from adult specimens from Brownsberg also cluster with the above sequences in a neighbor-joining tree; one sequence differs by a single basepair from the above three. Only one incomplete ITS1 sequence is so far available for A. sobrina , from a female from Brownsberg, Suriname (USNMENT00875186), but it differs significantly from a partial sequence from a female of A. sororcula from Totaí, Santa Cruz, Bolivia (USNMENT01526462) and the available sequences of A. sororcula in the NCBI, four sequences from Brazil ( DQ010909 – DQ010912 ) provided by L.S. Rocha and D. Selivon.

Description. Mostly yellow to orange. Setae red brown to dark red brown.

Head: Yellow to orange except brown ocellar tubercle. 3–5 frontal setae; 2 orbital setae (1 on 1 side in 1 Suriname male, USNMENT01354412), posterior seta well developed. Ocellar seta weak or absent, up to 1.5 times as long as ocellar tubercle. Facial carina, in profile, straight or concave on dorsal two-thirds. Antenna not extended to ventral facial margin. Palpus in lateral view dorsally curved, evenly setulose.

Thorax: Mostly yellow to orange, most of scutum orange; with following areas white to pale yellow: postpronotal lobe and lateral margin of scutum bordering it; medial scutal vitta, ovoid posteriorly, extending laterally to or slightly beyond acrostichal seta, at most quarter distance between acrostichal and dorsocentral setae; sublateral scutal vitta from transverse suture to posterior margin, including base of intra-alar seta; scutellum; dorsal margins of anepisternum and katepisternum; katepimeron; and most of anatergite and katatergite. Scuto-scutellar suture without brown spot medially. Subscutellum entirely orange; mediotergite narrowly brown laterally. Mesonotum 2.42–2.88 mm long. Postpronotal lobe, notopleuron, scutum and scutellum entirely microtrichose; scutal setulae mostly pale brown, orange on and bordering medial vitta; non-setulose on narrow, elongate postsutural sublateral area. Chaetotaxy typical for genus. Katepisternal seta weak, orange, less than half length of anepisternal seta.

Legs: Entirely yellow to orange.

Wing ( Figs. 59–61 ): Length 5.10–6.02 mm, width 2.24–2.52 mm, ratio 2.28–2.33. Apex of vein R 1 at 0.51–0.53 wing length, proximal to level of anterior end of crossvein r-m. Cell c 1.15–1.29 times as long as pterostigma; pterostigma 3.15–3.44 times as long as wide. Vein R 2+3 not sinuous. Crossvein r-m at 0.63–0.67 distance from bm-m to dm-m on vein M 1. Vein M 1 moderately strongly curved apically; cell r 4+5 at apex 0.94–1.07 times as wide as at level of dm-m, 0.81–0.91 times as wide as maximum subapical width. Cell cu a with distal lobe relatively long, length of cu a 1.60–1.86 times as long as anterior margin, lobe 0.67–1.03 times as long as vein CuA+CuP. Wing pattern mostly orange and moderate to dark brown. C-band mostly orange, cells bc and c paler, cell c paler posteromedially and with anterior margin brown distally, pterostigma mostly moderate to dark brown, distal margin of band in cells r 1 and r 2+3 narrowly brown, with small dark brown mark on fork of vein Rs, and in cell br with elongate irregular brown area in part anterior to cell bm and with small irregular to triangular brown mark on distal margin of band. C-band and S-band connected along vein R 4+5; hyaline marginal spot in cell r 1 triangular to subquadrate, with apex aligned proximal to crossvein r-m. Basal hyaline area in cell dm relatively small. Basal half of S-band relatively broad, mostly orange, anterobasal margin mostly narrowly brown in cells br, r 1, and r 2+3, posterodistal margin narrowly brown anteriorly, more broadly posteriorly in cell m 4, extending into lobe of cell cu a, with weak or no incision in cell m 4; distal section orange, with most of margins and part in cell r 4+5 moderate brown; moderately broad, at apex of vein R 2+3 0.58–0.63 times width of cell r 2+3, not extended to apex of vein M 1, without marginal hyaline areas; hyaline area proximal to apex of band extended to vein R 2+3. V-band with proximal arm moderately broad, almost interrupted medially in cell r 4+ 5 in 1 Suriname female (USNMENT01354413), mostly brown, mostly orange to pale brown in cell r 4+5, sometimes extending slightly into cell m 4 along crossvein dm-m; separated from S-band along vein R 4+5; on posterior margin extended approximately three-quarters to distance to vein CuA+CuP; distal arm mostly to entirely brown, usually connected to proximal arm, narrowly separated on 1 wing of 1 Suriname female (USNMENT00875186); hyaline area between arms of V-band and vein M 1 half to two-thirds width of cell cell r 4+5.

Abdomen: Mostly orange, without brown markings.

Female terminalia: Oviscape 1.60–1.92 mm long, 0.64–0.72 times as long as mesonotum; entirely orange; spiracle at basal 0.37–0.46. Eversible membrane ( Fig. 91 ) with dorsobasal denticles in subtriangular to semicircular pattern, with approximately 35 moderately long hooklike denticles in 4–5 V-shaped rows. Aculeus ( Fig. 117 ) slightly ventrally curved in lateral view, 1.40–1.54 mm long, 0.78–0.88 times oviscape length; in ventral view base moderately expanded, triangular, 0.18–0.22 mm wide, shaft 0.10–0.11 mm wide at midlength; tip ( Fig. 137 ) 0.136 – 0.159 mm long, 0.09–0.11 times aculeus length, 0.106 –0.112 mm wide at base, 0.108 –0.112 preapically, 1.26–1.42 times as long as wide; in ventral view with very strong constriction subbasally, distal 0.59–0.72 triangular, with 5–9 mostly large serrations; 0.05–0.06 mm wide in lateral view, 0.47–0.54 times ventral width. Spermathecae not examined.

Male terminalia ( Figs. 161–162 ): Epandrium shorter than high in lateral view, in posterior view with posterodorsal margin with broad medial U-shaped indentation. Lateral surstylus relatively long, extended beyond prensisetae by 4.0 times length of prensiseta; in lateral view elongate triangular, apical half slender, posteriorly curved; in posterior view elongate, apex bluntly truncate, medial margin straight to slightly convex, lateral margin slightly convex except subapically. Proctiger with ventral and lateral sclerotized areas separated. Phallus 3.0 mm long, 1.11 times as long as mesonotum; glans 0.46 mm long.

Distribution. Anastrepha sobrina is known from Brazil (Pará), French Guiana, and Suriname. In Suriname it was collected at Brownsberg and Fredberg.

Biology. This species has been reared from fruit of Eugenia lambertiana DC. (Myrtaceae) .

Type data. Holotype ♀ ( USNM USNMENT00875613 ), SURINAME: Brokopondo: Brownsberg Nature Park , [Witti Creek trail, 4.94555°N 55.17842°W, 411 m,] trap BNP-ML-17, [18 Sep –] 30 Oct 2016, A. Gangadin . Paratypes: BRAZIL: Pará: Oriximiná, Porto Trombetas , REBIO-Rio Trombetas , Tabuleiro base, 1°21.955’S 56°51.059’W, 54 m, multilure trap RB-ML-03, 1–14 Jan 2020, M. Savaris, A. L. Norrbom & S. Lampert, 1♀ ( USNM USNMENT01556487 ) ; same, 1°21.759’S 56°50.928’W, 59 m, multilure trap RB-ML-06, 11–25 Feb 2020, 1♂ 1♀ ( USNM USNMENT01556503–04 ) ; same, 1°21.763’S 56°50.782’W, 81 m, multilure trap RB-ML-10, 10– 23 Sep 2019, 1♂ 1♀ ( USNM USNMENT01556516–17 ) ; same, 1°21.953’S 56°50.739’W, 99 m, multilure trap RB-ML-12, 11–25 Feb 2020, 1♂ 1♀ ( USNM USNMENT01556520–21 ) ; same, 1°21.996’S 56°50.705’W, 99 m, multilure trap RB-ML-13, 11–25 Feb 2020, 3♂ 1♀ ( MELQ) 1♂ 1♀ ( USNM USNMENT01556523–24 ) ; same, 1°22.014’S 56°50.654’W, 90 m, multilure trap RB-ML-14, 17–30 Dec 2019, 1♀ ( USNM USNMENT01556533 ) ; same, 1–14 Jan 2020, 1♀ ( USNM USNMENT01556530 ) ; same, 11–25 Feb 2020, 9♂ 4♀ ( MELQ) 4♀ ( USNM USNMENT01556525 , USNMENT01556527–28 , USNMENT01556537 ) ; same, 1°22.047’S 56°50.501’W, 72 m, multilure trap RB-ML-16, 11–25 Feb 2020, 2♀ ( USNM USNMENT01556542–43 ) . FRENCH GUIANA: Saint- Laurent du Maroni: Maripasoula, Mitaraka , site MIT-DZ, 2°14’1.8”N 54°27’1”W, 306 m, light trap, 09 Mar 2015, E. Poirier MITARAKA/100, 1♀ ( MNHNP USNMENT00875228 ) . SURINAME: Brokopondo: Brownsberg Nature Park, Mazaroni top trail, 10 m before end, 4.95125°N 55.17612°W, 457 m, trap BNP-ML-01, 27 Oct 2017 – 11 Feb 2018, A. Gangadin, 1♀ ( USNM USNMENT00875186 ) ; Mazaroni top trail, 50 m from camera trap, 4.95116°N 55.17638°W, 442 m, trap BNP-ML-02, 11 Feb–15 Apr 2018, A. Gangadin, 1♀ ( USNM USNMENT01556863 ) ; Brownsberg Nature Park, Witti Creek trail, near mark 0.8 km, 4.94452°N 55.17768°W, 377 m, trap BNP-ML-15, 26 Oct 2017 – 10 Feb 2018, A. Gangadin, 1♂ ( USNM USNMENT01354412 ) ; Witti Creek trail, near mark 0.8 km, 4.94452°N 55.17768°W, 377 m, trap BNP-ML-15, 26 Oct 2017 – 10 Feb 2018, A. Gangadin, 1♀ ( USNM USN- MENT01354413 ) ; Brownsberg Nature Park , W of Telecom Road, 4.947°N 55.185°W, 400 m, emerged 22-25 Mar 2019 reared ex fruit of undetermined Myrtaceae collected 27 Feb 2019, A. Muller F21962, 1♂ 1♀ ( FSCA) 1♂ 1♀ ( NZCS) 1♀ ( MAAHF) 1♀ ( USNM USNMENT01526773 ) ; Fredberg , top, 4°38’53”N 55°29’40.2”W, 275 m, trap FB-ML-02 location, emerged 27 Jan 2018 reared ex fruit of Eugenia lambertiana DC. collected 13 Jan 2018, A. Muller F20834, 1♀ ( MAAHF) 1♀ ( USNM USNMENT01526636 ) .

Etymology. The name of this species is a Latin noun in apposition meaning cousin, following the theme of naming some species of the fraterculus group for family members (see A. neptis etymology).

Comments. This species belongs to the fraterculus species group as indicated by the lateral brown marks on the mediotergite and the shape of the aculeus tip. In the COI analysis by Moore et al. (in prep.) the three sequences of A. sobrina were grouped with other species of the fraterculus group.

At least the female of the two specimens of A. sororcula from French Guiana ( Cacao , 23 Mar 2002, reared from Spondias mombin , 1♂ 1♀) reported by Vayssières et al. (2013) is this species. It is in the MELQ collection and was examined. Its aculeus matches this species, and it appears to lack brown marks on subscutellum (the thorax is not in good condition). However, other specimens in the MELQ collection from French Guiana, including one female from Cacao, are A. sororcula (reexamined and verified by R. A. Zucchi, pers. comm.), so these species occur sympatrically in at least one area. The full label data for these A. sororcula specimens [latitude and longitude estimated from GoogleEarth ©] are: “ Guyane francaise CACAO [approx. 4.56944°N 52.46917°W] 12/07/01 CAR MP CAC 02 / RVA 1512”, 1♀ ( MELQ) ; “ Guyane francaise REGINA [4.56944°N 52.46917°W] 11/06/01 CAR MP REG 11 / RVA 1513”, 1♀ ( MELQ) ; “ Guyane francaise STOUPAN [approx. 4.75055°N 52.33041°W] 04/07/02 CEN MP STO 12 / RVA 1495”, 1♀ ( MELQ) .

Figures

FIGURES 13–14. Habitus: 13, A. sobrina (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875613); 14, A. surinamensis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875034).

FIGURES 55–66. Wings: 55–58, A. neptis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875006; Ecuador: Yasuní, USN- MENT01354762, USNMENT01526575; Peru: ExplorNapo, USNMENT00875626); 59–61, A. sobrina (French Guiana: Mitaraka, USNMENT00875228, Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875613, USNMENT01354412); 62–64, A. surinamensis (Suriname: Farm Fleurkens, USNMENT00875032, Brownsberg, USNMENT00875033, USNMENT00875035); 65–66, A. tenebrosa (Peru: ExplorNapo, USNMENT00766120, USNMENT00875629).

FIGURES 85–91. Eversible membranes, dorsal unless otherwise indicated: 85–86, A. juxtalanceola (Brazil: REBIO-Rio Trombetas, USNMENT01113849; Suriname: Berg en Dal, USNMENT00875158), 87–88, A. microstrepha (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT01354490; 87, dorsoapical); 89–90, A. neptis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875006; 90, dorsoapical); 91, A. sobrina (French Guiana: Mitaraka, USNMENT00875228).

FIGURES 98–120. Aculei, ventral unless otherwise indicated: 98, A. aithogaster (Suriname: Brownsberg, USN- MENT00875210); 99, A. aliesae (Suriname: Coebitie, USNMENT00875194); 100, A. brownsbergiensis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875023); 101–102, A. curvivenis (Peru: Tarapoto, USNMENT0074464; Suriname: Brownsberg, US- NMENT00875205); 103, A. fuscoalata (Suriname: Coebitie, USNMENT00875201); 104–105, A. gangadini (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875037, USNMENT00875039); 106–107, A. juxtalanceola (Brazil: REBIO-Rio Trombetas, USNMENT01113849; Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875157); 108, A. microstrepha (Suriname: Brownsberg, US- NMENT01526060); 109, A. mitaraka (French Guiana: Mitaraka, USNMENT00875225); 110, A. surinamensis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875031); 111, A. tenebrosa (Peru: ExplorNapo, USNMENT00875629); 112, A. triangularis (Suriname: Berg en Dal, USNMENT00875026); 113–114, A. crassaculeus (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875105; 114, lateral); 115–116, A. neptis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875004; Peru: ExplorNapo, USNMENT00875626); 117, A. sobrina (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875613); 118, A. wachiperi (French Guiana: Mitaraka, USNMENT00875217); 119–120, A. wittiensis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT01526260; 120, lateral).

FIGURES 132–144. Aculeus tips, ventral unless otherwise indicated: 132–133, A. microstrepha (Suriname: Brownsberg, USN- MENT01526060; 133, lateral); 134, A. mitaraka (French Guiana: Mitaraka, USNMENT00875225); 135–136, A. neptis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875004; Peru: ExplorNapo, USNMENT00875626); 137, A. sobrina (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875613); 138, A. surinamensis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT00875031); 139, A. tenebrosa (Peru: ExplorNapo, USNMENT00875629); 140, A. triangularis (Suriname: Berg en Dal, USNMENT00875026); 141–143, A. wachiperi (French Guiana: Mitaraka, USNMENT00875217; Peru: Villa Carmen, USNMENT00744968; 143, lateral); 144, A. wittiensis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT01526260).

FIGURES161–164.Male terminalia,lateral and posterior:161–162, A.sobrina (Suriname:Brownsberg,USNMENT01354412); 163–164, A. surinamensis (Suriname: Brownsberg, USNMENT01526348).