Passiflora amoena L.K. Escobar, Systematic Botany 19(2): 203-205, f. 1. 1994.

Mezzonato-Pires, Ana Carolina, Milward-de-Azevedo, Michaele Alvim, Mendonca, Claudia Barbieri Ferreira & Goncalves-Esteves, Vania, 2018, Taxonomy, palynology and distribution notes of seven species of Passiflora L. (Passifloraceae s. s.) newly recorded from Brazil, PhytoKeys 95, pp. 1-14 : 2

Passiflora amoena L.K. Escobar, Systematic Botany 19(2): 203-205, f. 1. 1994. Figs 2A, B , 3A, B , 4A, D

Descriptions.

Lianas; tendrils thin to robust, glabrous. Stipules not seen. Petioles with two glands on the terminal end of the adaxial side. Blades 5.6-15 × 2.7-7.9 cm, chartaceous, elliptic or ovate, apex acute-mucronate or obtuse or emarginate, base cuneate, glabrous on both sides, discolorous, abaxial side greyish-brown, adaxial side purplish-vinaceous; margins non-undulate, glandular, 2-6 glands distributed on the abaxial side of the blade; 8-14 pairs of secondary veins, arcuate. Bracts diminute, triangular. Flowers arranged in racemose inflorescences, hypanthium cylindrical; sepals oblong, dark pink; petals oblong, pink; corona with 3 series of filaments, yellow to orange-yellow, filaments of first series with dolabriform-triangular, filaments of the second series with tuberculate wavy margins; operculum straight, non-tubular, included, ligulate, apex plicate; trochlea absent on the androgynophore; ovary ellipsoid, glabrous. Fruits 6.45 × 2.24 cm, ellipsoid, glabrous.

Palynology.

Pollen grains medium-sized (ca. 42.8 µm), prolate spheroidal, 6-colporate, colpi long, narrow, three endoapertures lalongate (ca. 6.2 × 8.1 µm), unique for each pair of ectoaperture, sexine reticulate, heterobrochate, with muri (ca. 1.2 µm), muri simple columellate, sinuous, continuous, with perforations, without high columellae, not apparent, tectum surface mostly curved, lumina ornamented, small (ca. 6.7 µm diam.) (Fig. 3A, B ).

Specimens examined.

BRAZIL. Amapá: Amapari, Cabeceiras of the Rio Amapari , on the left bank of the rio Anacui , trail 5, 01°50'41"N, 52°44'29"W, 7 Mar 2006 [fl], M.O. Hamada et al. 151 (HAMAB, INPA, R); Clevelandia do Norte , Rio Oiapoque , along the road between Oiapoque and Clevelândia, 3°48'48"N, 51°51'38"W, 20 Jul 1960 [fr], B. Maguire, J.M. Pires and C.K. Maguire 47085 (NYBG); Igarape Ponta-Narri , third waterfall, 08 Oct 1949, [fl], G.A. Black 49-8461 (IAN); Macapá, Colonia do Torrao , 0°2'20"N, 51°3'59"W, 29 Aug 1962 [bt, fl], J.M. Pires & P.B. Cavalcante 52667 (IAN); Oiapoque , BR 156, road between Calçoene and Oiapoque, 17 km southeast of Oiapoque , ca. 3°50'35"N, 51°50'6"W, 3 Dec 1984 [fl], S.A. Mori, J. Reitsma and R. Cardoso 17157 (HAMAB); Rio Oiapoque , about 1 km west of Cachoeira Utussansain , 2°8'N, 52°55'W, 8 Sep 1960 [fl], H.S. Irwin et al. 48080 (IAN); Rio Oiapoque , upper slopes and hilltop Tipac , 3°36'N, 51°19'W, 200-250m, 15 Oct 1960 [bt, fl], H.S. Irwin 48731 (IAN); Porto Grande, Floresta Nacional do Amapa , rio Mutum , conglomerate 02, 0°42'48"N, 51°24'48"W, 20 Feb 2009 [fl], S.V. Costa Neto et al. 2818 (HAMAB) .

Distribution and ecology.

It is known to occur in Guyana, French Guiana, Suriname and Brazil. It is recorded for the state of Amapá, growing near river banks, in Floresta de Terra Firme and in periodically flooded areas called Floresta de Várzea.

Taxonomic comments.

Passiflora amoena belongs to P. subg. Astrophea, sect. Botryastrophea (Harms) Killip, ser. Carneae Feuillet. It is morphologically most similar to P. fuchsiiflora , being differentiated from the latter by its flowers with yellow to orange-yellow corona and dolabriform-triangular outer corona filaments. Both species possess pollen grains of the IV type ( Mezzonato-Pires et al. 2017) due to their reticulate sexine and small lumina.

Figures

Figure 2. Illustrations of leaves and flowers in longitudinal section. A, B Passiflora amoena (S. V. Costa Neto et al. 2818, HAMAB) C, D Passiflora fuchsiiflora (S. Sakagawa et al. 248, INPA) E, F Passiflora jussieui (D. C. Daly et al. 7423, UPCB) G, H Passiflora ovata (S. Sakagawa et al. 668, INPA) I, J Passiflora plumosa (C. A. Cid et al. 561, MG) K, L Passiflora quelchii (R. C. Forzza et al. 8321, RB) M, N Passiflora tessmannii (C. A. Sothers & E. C. Pereira 612, INPA).

Figure 3. Photomicrographs and electron photomicrographs of pollen grains of the species of Passiflora. A, B Passiflora amoena C, D Passiflora fuchsiiflora E, F Passiflora jussieui G, H Passiflora ovata I, J Passiflora quelchii K, L Passiflora tessmannii A, C, E, G, K general aspect of polar view B, F, H, I, L general aspect of equatorial view, D and J ornamentation detail. Scale bars: 10 µm (C, E, F, G, H, I, K, L); 5 µm (A, B, J); 1 µm (D).

Figure 4. Passiflora amoena L. K. Escobar. A habit B inflorescence C flower D fruits. Scale bars: 10 mm (A, C, D); 2 mm (B). Photographs by S. C. Neto (S. V. Costa Neto et al. 2818, HAMAB)