Paramoandesia ecuadorensis Foldi

Foldi, Imre, 2009, Archaeococcoid scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) from the tropical high mountains of the Andean Cordillera, South America, Zootaxa 2300, pp. 1-38 : 21-25

Paramoandesia ecuadorensis Foldi n. sp.

Material examined. Holotype adult female. ECUADOR: Páramo El Angel, 4000 m, on dead leaves of Espeletia pycnophylla , ( Asteraceae ) P. Pesson coll., -. x.1982. MNHN. Paratypes: 3 third −instar females, same data as holotype. MNHN.

ADULT FEMALE ( Fig. 6 )

Description based on holotype.

Mounted specimens. Body elongate ovale, rounded both anteriorly and posteriorly, 9.2 mm long, 4.5 mm wide.

Dorsum. Derm membranous. Dorsum with multilocular pores, each 9–11 µm in diameter with a thickened rim, either oval ( Fig. 6 B) with 2 loculi, triangular ( Fig. 6 F) with 3 loculi or quadrate ( Fig. 6 E) with 4 loculi; scattered over entire surface. Multilocular pores, each with triangular centre with 14–16 outer loculi, abundant on head, thorax and on abdominal segments. Pores with a large oval centre ( Fig. 6 B) with 2 loculi and 14–16 outer loculi, most frequent pore type throughout dorsal surface. Multilocular pores with a quadrate centre and 14–16 outer loculi; rare, very sparsely distributed. Minute circular pores ( Fig. 6 H), each 4–5 µm in diameter, few, mostly on abdomen, sparsely scattered. Dorsum densely covered with hairs ( Figs. 6 C) throughout, each 35–60 µm long. Hair-like setae ( Fig. 6 I), each 45–60 µm long, scattered throughout among hairs; longest on margin, sometimes attaining a legth of over 200 µm. Flagellate setae ( Fig. 6 D), each 50–80 µm long, scattered throughout among hairs. Anal opening dorsal, situated well forward from apex of abdomen, 140 µm wide, surrounded by slender flagellate setae ( Fig. 6 D); anal tube simple, 310–320 µm long, with a sclerotised inner end without pores. Sclerotised patches present on intersegmental membranes, most obvious on venter ( Fig. 6 L).

Venter. Ventral surface with multilocular pores similar to those on dorsum but more numerous and fairly evenly distributed. Multilocular pores ( Fig. 6 B), each 10–11 µm in diameter with a thickened rim, with an oval centre with 2 loculi; scattered throughout; multilocular pores with triangular centre with 3 loculi( Fig. 6 F), on head, thorax and in bands 2 to 3 pores wide on abdomen; multilocular pores, each with pentagonal centre and 5 loculi ( Fig. 6 K) plus 14–16 outer loculi, sparsely scattered, mostly around vulvar area. Minute simple pores ( Fig. 6 H) as on dorsum, rare, sparsely scattered on thorax and abdomen. Abundant short setae found on all segments, most setae each 30–200 µm long. Hairs ( Fig. 6 G) more abundant, each about 30–45 µm, forming dense rows across all segments. Hair-like setae ( Fig. 6 I), each 30–90 µm long, scattered among hairs in transverse rows 2 to 3 setae wide, densest on abdomen, longest, 100–140 µm long, present in interantennal area, and medially and submarginally on thorax, and posteriorly on abdomen where each 190– 230 µm long. Flagellate setae ( Fig. 6 D) present in an irregular line of about 16–20 across each abdominal segment. Marginal setae stout and long, each 160–280 µm, on each abdominal segment present.

Antennae 11 segmented ( Fig. 6 A), 8–8.4 µm long; all antennal segments with a few flagellate setae; pedicel with 3 small sensory organs; apical segment 120–130 µm long, 80–85 µm wide, tapering to a point, with about 2 or 3 fleshy setae, each 40–60 µm long, plus 5 or 6 hair-like setae, length up to 80–120 µm; Eyes conspicuous, oval and convex, submarginal, near antennal base. Pro-, meso- and metasternal medial apophyses large and bifurcate. Mouthparts vestigial. Thoracic spiracles ( Fig. 6 N), each with peritreme 70–75 µm wide, each spiracle with a short atrium and without atrial pores, but with a cluster of 9–14 multilocular pores, similar to those on derm ( Fig. 6 H and I), laterad to peritreme; apodeme large, about 105–115 µm long. Abdomen with 7 pairs of spiracles ( Fig. 6 J), each with peritreme 45–50 µm wide, atrium 50–55 µm long, with 3–6 atrial multilocular pores. Legs well developed, with few setae. Metathoracic legs: coxa 110 µm long, 440 µm wide, with 6–8 setae, each 30–60 µm long; each coxa with a strong sclerotised apodeme; trochanter + femur 720–730 µm long, 300 µm greatest width; trochanter with a long trochanteral seta 240–245 µm long on ventral margin, plus 4–6 setae, each 30–50 µm long, and with 3 campaniform sensilla on each side; femur with about 10 setae laterally, each 35–90 µm, but with a seta dorsally and ventrally 100–110 long; tibia 480– 500 µm long, 160 µm widest, with setae each 40–80 µm long; tarsus 245–250 µm long, 160 µm widest, with 9–11 setae, each 25–40 µm long, proximally with a campaniform sensille; inner edges of tibia and tarsus with stout setae; claw ( Fig. 6 M) narrow, 120 µm long, distinctly curved, lacking a denticle but with 2 sharply pointed digitules, each 50–55 µm long. Vulvar opening a transverse fissure surrounded by multilocular pores and slender flagellate setae. Intersegmental membranes with sclerotised patches on abdominal segments II– VII, each with of polygonal markings ( Fig.6 L).

THIRD INSTAR FEMALE ( Fig. 7 )

Description based on 3 paratypes.

Mounted specimens. Body elongate and parallel-sided, rounded both anteriorly and posteriorly, 7.5–10.1 mm long, 4–5.4 mm wide.

Dorsum. Derm on microscope slide membranous. Multilocular pores each 10–11 µm in diameter with a thickened rim, each with a sunken centre, either oval ( Fig. 7 H) with 2 loculi, triangular ( Fig. 7 P) with 3 loculi, quadrate ( Fig. 7 F) with 4 loculi or pentagonal ( Fig. 7 N) with 5 loculi, plus 10–14 outer loculi; scattered on head and thorax, and in transverse bands 3–5 pores wide on abdomen. Pores with triangular centre most abundant on head, thorax and on abdominal segments I–IV. Pores with a large oval centre with 2 loculi and 14 outer loculi, easily most frequent pore type, present on 4 last abdominal segments. Minute pores ( Fig. 7 I), each 4–5 µm in diameter, sparsely scattered. Dorsum densely covered with hairs ( Figs. 7 B and G) throughout, each 35–60 µm long. Hair-like setae, each 45–60 µm long, scattered throughout among hairs, longest submarginally. Collared setae, each 100–180 µm long, present on margin and submargin. Flagellate setae ( Fig. 7 L), each 5–90 µm long, scattered throughout among hairs. Anal opening dorsal, 140 µm wide; anal tube simple, 310–320 µm long, with a sclerotised inner end without pores. Sclerotised patches present on intersegmental membranes, most obvious on venter ( Fig. 7 D).

Venter. Multilocular pores as on dorsum; those with a triangular centre most frequent. Multilocular pores each 10–11 µm in diameter with a thickened rim, either with an oval (with 2 loculi), triangular (with 3 loculi), quadrate (with 4 loculi) or pentagonal (with 5 loculi) center, plus 10–14 outer loculi; scattered throughout. Minute pores ( Fig. 7 I) as on dorsum but more abundant and present also within atrium of abdominal spiracles. Setae more or less similar to those on dorsum: hairs more abundant, each about 30–45 µm, forming dense rows across all segments; hair-like setae, each 30–60 µm long, scattered among hairs in transverse rows 3–5 setae wide, densest on abdomen, longest ( Fig. 7 M) posteriorly on abdomen where each 190–230 µm long; flagellate setae, each 160–200 µm long, present in interantennal area, and medially and submarginally on thorax; shorter flagellate setae, each 110–130 µm long, present in an irregular line of about 16–20 setae across each abdominal segment; collared setae, each 130–180 µm, present on margin.

Antennae each with 9 or 10 segments ( Fig. 7 A), 700–830 µm long; all antennal segments with a few hairlike setae; pedicel with 3 small sensory organs; apical segment 120–130 µm long, 80–85 µm wide, tapering to a point, with 2 or 3 fleshy setae, each 40–60 µm long, plus 5 or 6 hair-like setae, length may up to 80–120 µm. Eyespot submarginal, near antennal base. Mouthparts represented by a weakly sclerotised clypeolabral shield and a well-developed labium, basically 3-segmented, but stylets absent. Thoracic spiracles ( Fig. 7 Q), similar to those in adult female, each with peritreme 70–75 µm wide, each spiracle with a short atrium and without atrial pores, but with a cluster of 9–14 perispiracular multilocular pores, similar to those on derm ( Fig. 7 H), plus 8–10 minute pores ( Fig. 7 I) laterad to peritreme; apodeme large, about 105–115 µm long. Abdomenal spiracles in 7 pairs ( Fig. 7 K), each with peritreme 45–55 µm wide, atrium 50–55 µm long, basal part sclerotised, and about 15 µm wide, followed by a folded outer, membranous section with 6–10 multilocular pores plus 4–6 minute pores, both similar to those near thoracic spiracles. Legs similar to those of adult female but shorter and wider, with few setae. Metathoracic legs ( Fig. 7 O): coxa 100 µm long, 430 µm wide, with 6–8 setae, each 30–60 µm long; each coxa with a strong sclerotised apodeme, and with a strong articulatory sclerosis with trochanter; trochanter + femur 720–730 µm long, 300 µm greatest width; trochanter with a long trochanteral seta 240–245 µm long on ventral margin, plus 4–6 setae, each 30–50 µm long, and with 3 campaniform sensilla on each side; femur with about 10 setae laterally, each 35–90 µm, but with a seta dorsally and ventrally 100–110 long; tibia 470–480 µm long, 160 µm widest, with setae each 40–80 µm long; tarsus 240–245 µm long, 160 µm widest, with 9–11 setae, each 25–40 µm long, proximal part with a campaniform sensilla; claw ( Fig. 7 O) narrow, 120 µm long, distinctly curved, lacking a denticle but with 2 sharply pointed digitules, each 50–55 µm long. Spinules ( Fig. 7 R) densely distributed medially and submarginally on meso- and metathorax, and on all abdominal segments. Intersegmental membranes with sclerotised patches on abdominal segments II–VII, each with polygonal markings ( Fig.7 D).

Derivatio nominis. This species name, ecuadorensis , is derived from Ecuador, where this species was collected.

Comment. P. ecuadorensis differs from P. colombiensis in the absence of: spiniform setae and sensory organs on antennal intersegmental membrane; in the arrangement of the dorsal hair-like setae and hairs; and in the presence of: circular or broadly oval multilocular pores, each with an oval, triangular, quadrate and pentagonal centre; more numerous, broadly oval, multilocular pores, and the greater number of perispiracular pores of thoracic spiracles.

Figures

FIGURE 6. Adult female of Paramoandesia ecuadorensis Foldi n. sp. Where: A = antenna; B = multilocular pore with oval centre; C = dorsal hair; D = flagellate seta; E = dorsal multilocular pore with quadrate centre; F = multilocular pore with triangular centre; G = hair on abdomen; H = minute circular pore with irregular opening; I = marginal hair-like seta; J = abdominal spiracle with atrial pores; K = multilocular pore with quadrate centre surrounding vulvar opening; L = mosaic-like structure on intersegmantal membrane; M = metathoracic claw; N = thoracic spiracles with perispiracular pores.

FIGURE 7. Third-instar female of Paramoandesia ecuadorensis Foldi n. sp. Where: A = antenna; B = dorsal hair; C = multilocular pore with oval centre; D = mosaic-like structure on intersegmantal membrane: E = stout hair-like seta; F = multilocular pore with quadrate centre; G = hair on abdomen; H = dorsal and perispiracular broadly oval multilocular pore; I = minute circular pore with irregular opening; J = anal tube; K = abdominal spiracle with pores H + I; L = flagellate seta; M = hair-like seta; N = multilocular pore with 5 central loculi; O = metathoracic leg with claw; P = multilocular pore with triangular centre; Q = thoracic spiracle with enlargement of pores H + I; R = spinules.