Emphytopsis Wei & Nie

Wei, Meicai, Xu, Yi & Niu, Gengyun, 2011, Revision of Emphytopsis Wei & Nie (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) with descriptions of seven new species from China and Japan, Zootaxa 2803, pp. 1-20 : 2-3

Emphytopsis Wei & Nie

Emphytopsis Wei & Nie, 1998: 368 .

Type species: Emphytopsis punctata Wei & Nie, 1998 . By original designation.

Diagnosis: Body shiny yellow brown, head and thorax with a few black spots, abdomen with transverse black bands which may be medially interrupted; mandibles asymmetric; clypeus deeply emarginated; antenna short and slender, third antennomere longer than fourth antennomere; metapostnotum long and flat; inner spur of fore tibia bifurcate; hind basitarsus usually about as long as following tarsomeres together, claw with a small but distinct basal lobe, inner tooth shorter than outer tooth; forewing with vein R+M punctiform, first free sector of vein Rs present, cu-a joining cell 1M at about basal 0.25, anal cross vein oblique; hind wing with cell Rs and M open, anal cell petiolate; hind wing of male without peripheral (marginal) vein; penis valve very narrow.

Description: Body elongate; shiny yellow with some black spots on head and thorax, abdominal tergites 1–8 each with a black transverse band which may be narrowly or broadly interrupted at middle (Figs. 1a, 9a); clypeus weakly elevated, broadly and deeply emarginated to nearly or more than half length of clypeus, lateral lobes narrow, left lobe distinctly wider than right lobe; labrum broad and flat, distinctly or obtusely triangular at apex (Figs. 1c, 2e, 3c, 6c); mandibles asymmetric, left one with a large basal lobe and a short, obtuse subapical tooth (Fig. 1d); right one without inner tooth, with a distinct but obtuse basal lobe (Fig. 1e); eyes large, inner margins indistinctly convergent downwards, shortest distance between eyes about as long as or broader than height of eye in female, slightly shorter than height of eye in male; malar space present, shorter than diameter of middle ocellus; middle fovea small and shallow, roundish; lateral fovea open, furrow like; frons feebly elevated, anterior corner with a small but distinct fovea, frontal walls obtuse; interocellar and postocellar furrows fine and shallow; postocellar area subquadrate or longer than broad, lateral furrows subparallel or roundly convex at middle; hind orbit as long as or slightly wider than eye in lateral view, occipital carina developed, reaching to end of lateral furrow, posterior margin of postocellar area without carina; temple about as long as or shorter than eyes in dorsal view, lateral sides parallel or roundly curved (Figs. 1b–9b). Antenna filiform, slightly longer than head and thorax together, shorter than abdomen, pedicellum about 2× as long as wide, third antennomere longer than fourth, apex of antenna more or less tapering toward apex (Figs. 3d, 4c, 6d). Width of anterior lobe of pronotum about 3× diameter of middle ocellus, propleura broadly meeting at ventral margins; mesoscutellum obtusely elevated or flat, without carina and peak, posttergite very short, small; anterior margin of mesepisternum with distinct fine carina; cenchrus small, distance between cenchri 1.1–2.0× as wide as breadth of a cenchrus; metapostnotum broad, flat, not constricted in the middle; mesepisternum flat. Inner apical spur of fore tibia bifurcate; hind tibia slightly longer than femur and trochanter together, about as long as hind tarsus; fore and middle tibial spurs slender, hind tibial spur short and quite broad, as long as or shorter than apical width of tibia, inner spur about as long as outer spur (Fig. 3g); metabasitarsus usually as long as or slightly longer than following 4 tarsomeres together, pulvilli very small; claw with small but distinct basal lobe, inner tooth slightly or much shorter than outer tooth (Figs. 1f, 7d). First free sector of Rs present, vein R+M shorter than 1r-m; cell 2Rs longer than 1Rs, shorter than 1R1+1Rs, vein M parallel with 1m-cu, cu-a joining cell 1M at about basal 0.25 to 0.3, anal cross vein beyond middle of anal cell, basad cell 1M, oblique at angle of about 35–40° (Figs. 1a– 9a). Hind wing with cell Rs and M open, apical appendiculate cell of R1 small but distinct, anal cell with distinct petiole, vein cu-a oblique (Figs. 1a–9a). Hind wing of male without peripheral (marginal) vein (Fig. 1j). Lobes of first abdominal tergite triangular, blotch large, broad; 2nd segment not constricted; ovipositor sheath as long as or slightly longer than metabasitarsus, apical sheath about as long as basal sheath (basal plate) or slightly longer (Figs. 1g, 2f, 3e, 4e, 5d, 6g, 7e, 8c, 9d); annular pilose bands of lancet broad, broadly touching each other at middle; serrulae protruding or nearly flat, with 3–15 large or small teeth, membranous parts between serrulae (cypsellae) more or less convex (Figs. 1h, 1i, 9e, 9f); harpe short, apex strongly oblique (Fig. 1k), outer shoulder of parapenis round; penis valve very narrow, ergot long (Fig. 1l).

Emphytopsis is a member of Taxonina of Allantini, Allantinae ( Wei & Nie, 1998a). Emphytopsis is close to Allomorpha Cameron, 1876 . Emphytopsis differs from Allomorpha in antenna short and slender, more or less tapering toward apex, middle white ring absent; hind wing with cell Rs open, anal cell petiolate; each lobe of the first abdominal tergite subtriangular, membranous blotch large; serrulae each with a large inner subbasal tooth; lateral lobes of clypeus asymmetric; body yellow with conspicuous black maculae. In Allomorpha , the antenna stout with a white ring at middle, middle and subapical antennomeres distinctly compressed and dilated; hind wing with cell Rs closed, anal cell sessile; lobes of the first abdominal tergite trapezoidal, membranous blotch small; serrulae without inner subbasal tooth; lateral lobes of clypeus subsymmetric; body usually black with pale maculae.

Distribution: S. E. China; Japan.

Both Emphytopsis and Allomorpha are endemic to E. Asia. The two genera have a similar distribution pattern ( Fig. 10 ).

It should be pointed out that Togashi (1992, 2000) placed the following species in the genus Taxonus Hartig making Taxonus comprehensive and maybe polyphyletic: nigromaculatus Takeuchi, 1952 (a species of Emphytopsis ), horii Togashi, 1962 (a species of Togashia (Wei, 1997)), hakusanus Togashi, 2000 (maybe a species of an undescribed genus from North Eastern Asia), hirasana Takeuchi, 1929 (a species of Allomorpha, (Takeuchi, 1929)) , serratus Togashi, 2000 (a species of Emphystegia). The position of the last 3 species will be discussed in future separate papers.

Including the seven new species described here and the newly combined, E. nigromaculata ( Takeuchi, 1952) , Emphytopsis includes 9 species at present. They can be identified using the following key.

Figures

FIGURE 10. Distribution records for Emphytopsis spp.