Protohermes

Liu, Xingyue, Hayashi, Fumio & Yang, Ding, 2009, Notes on the genus Protohermes van der Weele (Megaloptera: Corydalidae) from Vietnam, with description of two new species, Zootaxa 2146, pp. 22-34 : 23-24

Key to adults of Protohermes from Vietnam

1. Head dorsally black or dark brown; wings dark with creamy white markings ( Fig. 1 ) ............................................... 2

- Head dorsally yellowish brown; wings immaculate or slightly brownish with some yellowish markings ( Fig. 2 )..... 5

2. Male antennae bearing long pilosity on scape and pedicel; female eighth sternum laterally with a pair of long clavate processes (see Fig. 11 and 16 , respectively, in Liu & Yang 2006b). ............................. P. differentialis (Yang & Yang)

- Male antennae without long pilosity; female eighth sternum without clavate process ................................................ 3

3. Male ninth tergum projected posterolaterally, bearing long ninth gonostylus; female eighth sternum posteriorly with a bifurcated process ( Fig. 9 ) ............................................................................................................. P. ishizukai sp. nov.

- Male ninth tergum not projected posterolaterally, ninth gonostylus short; female eighth sternum posteriorly without process........................................................................................................................................................................... 4

4. Head entirely black; male ninth sternum with posterior processes narrow and curved dorsomedially (see Fig. 11 in Liu et al. 2007c) ............................................................................................................. P. fruhstorferi (van der Weele)

- Head ventrally yellowish brown; male ninth sternum with posterior processes broad but not curved (see Fig. 18 in Liu et al. 2007c) ........................................................................................................... P. owadai Liu, Hayashi & Yang

5. Forewings immaculate, without yellowish markings ........................................................................ P. axillatus Navás

- Forewings with several yellowish markings ( Fig. 2 ).................................................................................................... 6

6. Pronotum with four pairs of black markings ........................................................................................ P. v i t a l i s i Navás

- Pronotum with one or two pairs of black markings ( Fig. 10 )....................................................................................... 7

7. Forewing with costal area immaculate ( Fig. 2 ); male ninth sternum elongated, about twice as long as ninth tergum ( Fig. 12 )......................................................................................................................................... P. sinuolatus sp. nov.

- Forewing with numerous brownish stripes on costal cellules (see Fig. 15 in Liu et al. 2007a); male ninth sternum short, nearly as long as or slightly longer than ninth tergum (see Fig. 92 in Liu et al. 2007a) .................................... 8

8. Distance between lateral ocelli much shorter than distance between antennal bases (see Fig. 25 in Liu et al. 2008). 9

- Distance between lateral ocelli nearly as great as that between antennal bases (see Fig. 90 in Liu et al. 2007a) ..... 10

9. Head with four pairs of black markings on vertex (see Fig. 25 in Liu et al. 2008); male ninth tergum projected poste- rolaterally (see Fig. 26 in Liu et al. 2008) ............................................................... P. piaocanus Liu, Hayashi & Yang

- Head with only one pair of black markings on vertex (see Fig. 4 in Liu et al. 2007b); male ninth tergum not pro- jected posterolateally (see Fig. 5 in Liu et al. 2007b) ............................................................... P. assamensis Kimmins

10. Head with several pairs of black markings on vertex .................................................................. ………………...…11

- Head immaculate ........................................................................................................................................................ 12

11. Pronotum laterally with two pairs of black markings (see Fig. 128 in Liu et al. 2007a); male tenth tergum ventrally with a strongly prominent tufted tubercle (see Fig. 129 in Liu et al. 2007a) ....... P. triangulatus Liu, Hayashi & Yang

- Pronotum laterally with a pair of long vitta (see Fig. 135 in Liu et al. 2007a); male tenth tergum ventrally with a fee- bly prominent tufted tubercle (see Fig. 137 in Liu et al. 2007a) .................................... P. yangi Liu, Hayashi & Yang

12. Pronotum with black markings broad and close to each other between anterior and posterior pairs (see Fig. 38 as P. basiflavus in Liu et al. 2007a); male tenth tergum ventrally with a strongly prominent tufted tubercle (see Fig. 40 as P. basiflavus in Liu et al. 2007a).................................................................................. ……...…….. P. striatulus Navás

- Pronotum with black marking narrow and widely separated from each other between anterior and posterior pairs (see Fig. 90 in Liu et al. 2007a); male tenth tergum ventrally with a feebly prominent tufted tubercle (see Fig. 92 in Liu et al. 2007a) .................................................................................................................... P. lii Liu, Hayashi & Yang

Figures

FIGURE 16. Distribution map of the Protohermes species from Vietnam. P. assamensis Kimmins (●); P. axillatus Navás (); P. differentialis (Yang & Yang) (□); P. fruhstorferi (van der Weele) (˔); P. i s h i z u ka i sp. nov. (); P. l i i Liu, Hayashi & Yang (); P. piaoacanus Liu, Hayashi & Yang (); P. owadai Liu, Hayashi & Yang (); P. sinuolatus sp. nov. (); P. striatulus Navás (․); P. triangulatus Liu, Hayashi & Yang (); P. v i t a l i s i Navás (?); P. y a n g i Liu, Hayashi & Yang (+).

FIGURES 1 – 2. Habitus images of new Protohermes species from Vietnam. 1. P. i s h i z u k a i sp. nov. (holotype), male; 2. P. sinuolatus sp. nov. (holotype), male.

FIGURES 10 – 15. Protohermes sinuolatus sp. nov. 10. Male head and prothorax, dorsal view; 11. Male genitalia, dorsal view; 12. Male genitalia, ventral view; 13. Male tenth sternum, ventral view; 14. Female genitalia, lateral view; 15. Female eighth sternum, ventral view. Scale bars = 1.0 mm.

FIGURES 3 – 9. Protohermes ishizukai sp. nov. 3. Male head and prothorax, dorsal view; 4. Male genitalia, dorsal view; 5. Male genitalia, ventral view; 6. Male tenth tergum, caudal view; 7. Male tenth sternum, ventral view; 8. Female genitalia, lateral view; 9. Female genitalia, ventral view. C: cercus; G 9: ninth gonostylus; Gx 9: ninth gonocoxite; L: lateral lobe; S 7 – 9: seventh to tenth sternum; T 7 – 10: seventh to tenth tergum; Pdm: dorsomedial process. Scale bars = 1.0 mm.