Orchestina zhiwui Liu, Xu & Henrard, 2019

Wang, Ying, Wan, Na, Tong, Yanfeng & Marusik, Yuri M., 2021, On the northernmost Orchestina species in China, with a first description of the female of O. zhiwui (Araneae, Oonopidae), ZooKeys 1022, pp. 1-11 : 1

Orchestina zhiwui Liu, Xu & Henrard, 2019 Figures 1 , 2 , 3 , 4

O. zhiwui Liu, Xu & Henrard in Liu et al. 2019: 250, figs 12A-I, 13A-C, 14A-I, 15A-G.

Material examined.

1♂: China, Liaoning Province, Fengcheng City, Fenghuang Mountain, Cuijiapuzi Village , sifting leaf litter; 26°24'35"N, 124°3'7"E, 130 m; 10.X.2020; Weihua Cheng, Ying Huang, Xiaochen Sun & Yanfeng Tong leg. (SYNU-327) ; 1♀: same data as previous (SYNU-332) ; 4♂, same data as previous (SYNU-328-329-330-331) ; 4♀: same data as previous (SYNU-333-334-335-336) ; 1♀: same locality; 18.X. 2017; Y.M. Marusik & Bingchuan Zhang leg. (SYNU-337) .

Diagnosis.

This species is similar to O. aureola Tong & Li, 2011 in the shape of the bulb and the short embolus, but can be distinguished by the reticulate carapace pattern (Figs 1A , 3A ) in both sexes (vs. uniformly colored ( Tong and Li 2011: fig. 1A)). Males can further be recognized by the median projection (Figs 1G , 2H ) of the clypeus (vs. with straight anterior margin ( Tong and Li 2011: fig. 3A)), the endites with sub-apical triangular outgrowths (Figs 1H , 2A, G ) (vs. outgrowths absent ( Tong and Li 2011: fig. 2A)) and short sperm duct forming one coil (Fig. 1I ) (vs. with several coils ( Tong and Li 2011: fig. 6A)). Females can be distinguished by the presence of the tubular sclerite (Fig. 3F ) of the endogyne (vs. tubular sclerite absent ( Tong and Li 2011: fig. 5A)).

Redescription of male

(SYNU-327). Body: habitus as in Fig. 1A-C ; body length 1.29. Carapace (Fig. 1D, E, G ): 0.61 long, 0.44 wide; yellow, oval in dorsal view, surface smooth, with net-shaped pattern, with sparse long setae, pars cephalica slightly elevated in lateral view, anterior margin straight in dorsal view, posterolateral corners rounded. Eyes (Fig. 1D, G ): well-developed, PME largest; posterior eye row recurved from above; ALE-PLE touching, PLE-PME separated by less than PME radius, PME touching throughout most of their length. Clypeus (Figs 1D, E, G , 2H ): with a median projection (Mp) in frontal view, sloping forward in lateral view, high, ALE separated from edge of carapace by 1.7 times their diameter; with pairs of long needle-like setae in front of ALE. Sternum (Fig. 1F ): longer than wide, yellow, with scattered sepia pigmentation, surface smooth, without radial furrows between coxae; setae sparse, needle-like, evenly scattered, without hair tufts. Mouthparts (Figs 1F-H , 2A, G-I ): chelicerae straight and long, 4 times longer than wide, with eye-shaped slit organ (So) in medial part; labium as an elongated hexagon, anterior margin not indented at middle; endites strongly sclerotized, except mesal part, basally with shallow diagonal furrow, with elongated extension bearing serrula (Se), sub-apical triangular outgrowth (To) and stomate-like structure (Ss). Abdomen (Fig. 1A-C ): 0.74 long; grayish, with a pale narrow chevron. Legs: yellow, femur IV thickened, wider than femora I-III, without spines. Palp (Figs 1I-K , 2B-F ): tibia enlarged and strongly swollen, 1.6 times longer than wide and 2 times longer than femur plus patella; cymbium ovoid; bulb stout, basal part globular, wider than tibia width, with ventral boss proximally; embolus short, conical, with ventrally swollen base; sperm duct with 1 loop on prolateral side, opening of sperm duct small, round, located on tip.

Description of female

(SYNU-332). Same as male except as noted. Body: habitus as in Fig. 3A-C ; body length 1.26. Carapace: 0.59 long, 0.42 wide. Clypeus (Fig. 3D ): anterior margin straight. Mouthparts: chelicerae shorter; endites simple, with serrula. Abdomen: 0.69 long. Epigaster (Fig. 3E, F ): without special external features; internal parts visible through integument. Endogyne (Fig. 3G ): with medial cylindrical sclerite (AUS), encircled medially by tubular sclerite corresponding to anterior receptaculum (ARe), anterior part of cylindrical sclerite (AUS) with pair of lateral protrusions (Pr); posterior part with pair of pore-like structures (Po) on ventral side and posterior plate (Pp) on dorsal side.

Habitats.

All specimens were collected in leaf litter in a mountain forest.

Distribution.

China (Liaoning and Jiangxi) (Fig. 4 ) .

Figures

Figure 1. Orchestina zhiwui Liu, Xu & Henrard, 2019, male (SYNU- 327) A-C habitus, dorsal, lateral and ventral views D-G prosoma, dorsal, lateral, ventral and anterior views H endites and labium, ventral view I-K left palp, prolateral, dorsal and retrolateral views. Abbreviations: Mp = median projection of clypeus. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A-G); 0.2 mm (H-K).

Figure 2. Orchestina zhiwui Liu, Xu & Henrard, 2019, male (SYNU- 327), SEM A labium and endites, ventral views B distal part of palpal bulb, dorsal view C, E, F left palp, dorsal, prolateral and retrolateral views D palpal bulb, prolateral view G endites, ventral view H prosoma, anterior view I detail of chelicerae, highlighting slit organs. Abbreviations: Mp = median projection of clypeus; Se = serrula; So = slit organs; Ss = stomate-like structure; To = triangular outgrowth. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, C, D-F, H, I); 0.05 mm (B, G).

Figure 3. Orchestina zhiwui Liu, Xu & Henrard, 2019, female (SYNU- 332) A-C habitus, dorsal, lateral and ventral views D prosoma, anterior view E epigaster, ventral view F, G endogyne, ventral and dorsal views. Abbreviations: ARe = anterior receptaculum; AUS = anterior uterine sclerite; Po = pore-like structure; Pp = posterior plate; Pr = protrusions. Scale bars: 0.4 mm (A-D); 0.1 mm (E-G).

Figure 4. Distribution records of Orchestina species from China and the northernmost species in Asia. 1. O. apiculata Liu, Xiao & Xu, 2016; 2. O. aureola Tong & Li, 2011; 3. O. bialata Liu, Xiao & Xu, 2016; 4. O. clavulata Tong & Li, 2011; 5. O. colubrina Liu, Henrard & Xu, 2019; 6. O. multipunctata Liu, Xiao & Xu, 2016; 7. O. sinensis Xu, 1987; 8. O. thoracica Xu, 1987; 9. O. truncatula Tong & Li, 2011; 10. O. tubulata Tong & Li, 2011; 11. O. yinggezui Tong & Li, 2011; 12. O. zhengi Tong & Li, 2011; 13. O. zhiwui Liu, Xu & Henrard, 2019; 14. O. storozhenkoi (Saaristo & Marusik, 2004); +. O. sakhalinensis Marusik, Perkovsky & Eskov, 2018.