Belostoma discretum Montandon, 1903

Ribeiro, Josė Ricardo Inacio, 2007, A review of the species of Belostoma Latreille, 1807 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Belostomatidae) from the four southeastern Brazilian states, Zootaxa 1477 (1), pp. 1-70 : 34-38

Belostoma discretum Montandon, 1903

( Figs 10A–G ; 18D ; 23B )

Belostoma discretum Montandon, 1903a: 22 .

Types.—According to De Carlo (1938) and Lauck (1963), Montandon described B. discretum based on syntypes deposited in MNHN, and NHMW ([?], Argentina and [?], Paraguay) [not examined]. The male specimen (Manaus, Amazonas) deposited in MNHN is herein designated lectotype.

Material examined.—1 f ( AMNH): [without a more precise locality], Villa Bella, [without date], J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998, “Jhayer Exp.”. PERU. * 1 m ( SEMC): Marcapata, [without date and collector], J. R. I. B. [?] det. 1907 as B. asiatica (“= boops Duf. ”), J. D. Lattin det. 1951, “J. R. de la Torre-Bueno’s collection, K.U.” ARGENTINA. 1 m ( MACN 44209): Corrientes, [illegible date and collector], J. A. de Carlo det. * 1 m ( MACN): same, Ituzaingó, III.1979, (M. Viana), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. * 1 m ( SEMC): same, Bella Vista, IV.1931 [?], (D. R. Lauck, 1962), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1999. 1 m ( SEMC): same, Goya, IV.1990, [without collector], J. A. de Carlo det. 1 f ( MACN 39324): same, Trindad [?], II.1931, [without collector], J. A. de Carlo det. 1 m ( MACN 40372): Chaco, Fontana, [without date and collector], J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f ( MACN 52421): same, 1936, (Meyer), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f ( MACN 5076) [A. O. Bachmann’s collection]: Sgo. Estero [?], XI.1948, (A. Tuya), J. A. de Carlo det. BOLIVIA. *1 f ( MZSP): Santa Cruz, Sara [?] [Sari], Nueva Moka, I.1963, (A. Martinez), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1999. BRAZIL. Acre — 1 m ( INPA 0020982): Cruzeiro do Sul, 25.IX.1977, (D. Dominick), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. Amazonas— 1 m ( SEMC 3031): [without date and collector], J. R. de la Torre–Bueno collection’s, “K.U.”, J. D. Lattin det. 1951. 1 m ( INPA 0020942): “CEPLAC [Comissão Executiva do Plano da Lavoura Cacaueira]- AM 01 km”, 18. V.1916, (L. Gondim), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f ( INPA 0020932): [without a more precise locality], “ INPA ”, 25. V.[?]6, [illegible collector], J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 m ( INPA 0020929): “Mn. Am.-km 4”, “Campus INPA ”, 16. VI.1976, (E. Rufino), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 m ( INPA 0021038): “Portaria INPA ”, 25.III.1980, (La [?] Ulysses), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 m ( INPA 0020951): “Reserva Ducke- 26 km NE., Manaus”, 18.XI.1978, (J. Arias and N. Penny), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f ( INPA 0020912): “Z. F. 3 –Reserva [?] 1202”, 19.IV.1988, (A. V. V. Silva), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 m ( INPA 0020913): same, 19.IV.1988, (A. V. V. Silva), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f (DZRJ-a 490): “Arquipélago de Anavilhanas”, Negro River, XII.1981, (J. L. Nessimian), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 m ( AMNH): Benjamin Constant, Javary River, III.1942, (A. Rabaut), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 m ( INPA 0020972): Cacaupereira, 24.X.1979, (B. Mascarenhas), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f ( INPA 0021002): Coari, 20.VIII.1979, (“Best Mag Nisson/by Daniel” [?]), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f ( INPA 0020994): same, 20.VIII.1979, (“Mag. Nisson/by Danyel” [?]), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 m ( INPA 0020966): “Estr. Aleixo-Manaus, “ INPA ”, 18. V.1976, ([?] Dellowe), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 m ( INPA 0020995): Ilha de Marchantaria, 26.III.1976, (E. Rufino), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f ( INPA 0021006): same, 26.III.1976, (I. S. Gorayeb), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f ( INPA 0020981): same, 26.III.1996, (B. Mascarenhas), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f ( INPA 0020932): Itacoatiara, 21.IV.1980, (Wanes [?]), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f ( INPA 0020922): same, 21.IV.1980, (Wanes [?]), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 m ( INPA 0020916): same, “Est. AM-010 km”, 01.IX.1977, (L. P. A. E. Rufino), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 m ( INPA 0021012): same, “Fazenda Aruanã-AM 010 km 215”, 22–23.VIII.1990, (C. S. Motta, F. A. Peralta, and B. R. Teles), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998, [at light]. 1 m ( INPA 0021014): same. 1 f ( INPA 0021013): same, “Ponte Manoud Amed”, Urubu River, “ AM 010 km 247”, 18–19.XI.1990, (C. S. Motta, F. A. Peralta, B. R. Teles, and R. Andreazze), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. *1 f ( INPA 0021016): same. 1 f ( INPA 0020873): Janauacá Lake, 16.IV.1977, (M. Serrano), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 m ( INPA 0020967): Amaná Lake, 02.VIII.1979, ( R. Best), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 m ( INPA 0020971): same, XI.1980, ( R. C. Best), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 m ( INPA 0020965): same, 05.IX.1979, ( R. C. Best), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998, [at light]. 1 f ( INPA 0021010): same, 10.IX.1979, ( R. C. Best), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998, [at light]. 1 f ( INPA 0020992): same, 17.IX.1979, ( R. C. Best), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998, [at light]. 1 m ( INPA 0020927): Largo de Tefé, Solimões River, 10.XII.1976, (Eduardo [?]), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f ( INPA 0020894): “Si/Sa 5” [?], Manacapuru, Resiaca Lake, 26.XII.1959, ([?] Sioli and [?] Sattler), H. H. Weber det. 1966. 1 f ( INPA 0020894): “Si/So 5” [?], “Amazonasgebiet” [?], Manacapuru, Resiaca Lake, 26.XII.1959, ([?] Sioli and [?] Sattler), H. H. Weber det. 1966. 4 m / 1 f ( SEMC): Manacapuru, Solimões River, VI.1926, (S. M. Klages), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 m ( INPA 0021000): Manaus, 20.III.1979, (A. M. Penny), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f ( INPA 0021001): same, 16. VI.1977, (B. C. Ratcliffe), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f ( INPA 0021003): same, “ AM 1.312”, 03.VII.1976, (M. Dantas), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f ( INPA 0021004): same, “Educandos- (13)”, 21.IX.1983, (J. M. Rodrigues), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 m ( INPA 0021051): same, Alto Puri, “ Maranhão [?] (2 703)”, 18.VIII.1965, (Eduardo), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f ( INPA 0020870): “1.123” [?], same, VI.1955, [without collector], J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f (DZRJ-a 491): same, 02.VII.1981, (J. L. Nessimian), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f ( INPA 0021055): same, “2 482”, 04.XII.1962, “vários coletores” [?], J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f ( INPA 0020930): same, 12.VIII.1977, (B. C. Ratcliffe), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 m ( INPA 0021007): same, 20.III.1979, ([?] Cristoval), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 m ( INPA 0021011): same, 06.X.197?, (B. C. Ratcliffe), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 m ( INPA 0020968): same, “Est. Mauá-km. 7”, 20. V.1977, (E. Rufino), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 m ( INPA 0021039): same, “Est. AM 010-km 64, n. 3013”, 29.VII.1970, (A. Faustino), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f ( INPA 0021041): same. 1 m ( INPA 0021043): same. 1 m ( INPA 0021042): same, n. 3016”, 27.VII.1970, (A. Faustino), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 m ( INPA 0021044): same. 1 f ( INPA 0021047): same, “Est. Aleixo km 4, n. 0155”, 06.XI.1975, (F. Saraiva), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 m ( INPA 0021008): Manaus, 16. VI.1977, (B. C. Ratcliffe), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f ( INPA 0016975): same, “Torre da Zona Franca-2 / 45 m [02 º 35’ 20” S, 60 º 06’ 55” W]”, 06–09.I.1997, (C. S. Motta and J. Vidal), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f ( INPA 0020948): “2.045”, same, Igarapé do Mariano, 23.XI.1959, [without collector], J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 m ( INPA 0020964): same, Inoa, 16. VI.1977, (A. Dias), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f ( INPA 0020933): same, “ INPA ”, 22. VI.1976, (Paraluppi), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 m (DZRJ-a 489): same, “ INPA ”, 07.I.1984, (L. Gondim), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f ( INPA 0020993): same, “ INPA ”, 26. VI.1976, (M. A. S. Serrano), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f ( INPA 0020877): same, “ INPA ”, 13.III.1980, (F. Peralta), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 m ( INPA 0020878): same. 1 m ( INPA 0020969): same, “ INPA ”, 05.IV.1977, ([?] Paraluppi), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f ( INPA 0020939): same, “ INPA ”, 30.IV.1976, ([?] Paraluppi), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f ( INPA 0020928): same, “Ig. Amatuká”, “ R. S. [?] (2298)”, 18.IX.1961, (Eduardo [?]), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f ( INPA 0021046): same, Solimões River, “n. 2615”, 19.X.1964, (Eduardo [?]), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f ( INPA 0021050): “2292” [?], same, São Paulo de Olivença, 18.IX.1961, (Eduardo [?]), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 m ( MNHN): same, [without date], (G. Fallou), A. S. Menke det., [“ lectotype designed by A. S. Menke”], lectotype. 1 f ( INPA 0016976): same, “Torre da Zona Franca-2 / 45 m [02 º 35’ 20” S, 60 º 06’ 55” W]”, 06–09.I.1997, (C. S. Motta and J. Vidal), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f ( INPA 0016977): same. 1 m ( INPA 0021054): Manaus, Urucury “Codayás (2 552)”, XII.1964, (Eduardo [?]), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f ( INPA 0020955): Manaus, Uypiranga [?], 1942, (Parko [?]), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f ( INPA 0020955): same. * 2 m / 1 f ( AMNH): same, Negro River, “ 14 km de Manaus, 81 m ”, 15.XI–15.XII.1941, (A. Robaut), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 m ( INPA 0021052): Manaus, Urucury, “Cabajás (2 552)”, XII.1964, (Eduardo [?]), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 m ( INPA 0021053): same, XII.1963, (Eduardo [?]), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 m ( INPA 0021048): same, Codajás, XII.1965, (Eduardo [?]), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f ( INPA 0020926): same, “Codayas (2 552)”, XII.1964, (Eduardo [?]), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f ( INPA 0020980): “médio Purus”, 19.VII.1979, (J. S. Campbell), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 m ( INPA 0021009): same, 24.X.1979, (J. Campbell), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f ( INPA 0020924): Puraqueque, 16–19.II.[?], (Ulysses [?]), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 f ( INPA 0020924): same. 3 m / 2 f ( SEMC): Amazonas River, Tapaiuna lake region, “n. 9?, Lur” [?], I–IV.1936, (A. M. Olalla), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1999. 2 m [one male with eggs on dorsum] / 3 f ( SEMC): same, “Nrte” [?], Itacoatiara region, “n. 1”, I–IV.1936, (A. M. Olalla), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1999. * 1 m ( INPA 0021023): Carabinani River, [right margin], “Parque Nacional do Jaú”, [at light–“luz mista de mercúrio, luz negra BL e BLB, lençol”], “ 01 º 59’ S, 61 º 32’ W ”, 16–17.IV.1994, (“C. Motta et al. ”), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1999. 1 f ( SEMC): Negro River, VIII.1935, (A. M. Olalla), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1999. 2 m / 1 f ( SEMC): same, X.1935, (A. M. Olalla), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1999. 2 m / 1 f ( SEMC): Purus River, Berury lake, IX.1935, (A. M. Olalla), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1999. 1 m ( SEMC): same, Castanha region, IX.1935, (A. M. Olalla), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1999. 1 m ( INPA 0021005): “Sist. Janauacá, Castanho lake, “AM-RR” [?], 18. VI.1976, (J. M. Santos), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 m ( INPA 0020934): Yansuaca, Castanho, V.1977, (E. Castellón), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. 1 m [A514-1] ( INPA 0020896): Zona Bragantina, Anatipara [?], 04.IV.1963, (E. J. Fittkau), “coll. Amazonas 1960 / 3”, H. H. Weber det. 1966. 1 m ( INPA 0020897): “A517”, Zona Bragantina, Anatipará [?], 05.IV.1963, (E. J. Fittkau), “coll. Amazonas 1960 / 3”, H. H. Weber det. 1966. 1 f ( INPA 0020898): same. Mato Grosso do Sul — * 1 m ( MACN): between Corumbá and Nhecolândia [without a more precise locality], 17.X.1953, (G. R. Gonçalves), J. A. de Carlo det., Campos Seabra collection. Pará— 1 f ( MACN): [without a more precise locality], I.1954, ([?] Brasolino), J. A. de Carlo det. 1 f ( MACN 44211): Salobra [?], “ Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, zona da N. O. B.”, 18–29.X.1938, [without collector], J. A. de Carlo det. 1 f ( INPA 0020970): Santarém, Curuauna, 01.III.1982, ( R. C. Best), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1998. Rondônia — *1 f ( MZSP): Príncipe da Beira, 19.XI– 03.XII.1967, (G. R. Kloss), J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1999. São Paulo — *1 f ( MACN 39334): [without a more precise locality], V.02[?], (O Dremis), J. A. de Carlo det. 1 f ( MZSP): São José do Rio Preto [“represa”], 10.VIII.1966, [without collector], J. R. I. Ribeiro det. 1999.

Distribution.— ARGENTINA: Chaco ( De Carlo 1938), Corrientes ( Montandon 1903a), Entre Rios ( De Carlo 1930), Santa Fé ( Lauck 1963). BOLIVIA: El Beni ( Lauck 1963), Reyes ( Lauck 1963). BRAZIL ( Montandon 1903a): Acre ( Ribeiro 2005), Amazonas ( De Carlo 1938), Goiás ( Menke & Lauck 1962), Mato Grosso ( De Carlo 1930), Mato Grosso do Sul ( Ribeiro 2005), Pará ( Nieser 1975), Rio de Janeiro ( Ribeiro 2005), Rondônia ( Ribeiro 2005), São Paulo ( De Carlo 1938). PARAGUAY ( Montandon 1903a). PERU: Amazonas ( Lauck 1963), Junín ( Lauck 1963), Loreto ( Lauck 1963), Marcapata (new record), Pucallpa ( Lauck 1963), Trapiche River ( Lauck 1963), Ucayali River ( Lauck 1963).

Description.—Measurements (m / f). Total length (from apex of head to apex of hemelytra at rest) 22.5– 27.2 / 23.6–27.0; largest width of body 10.4–12.3 / 10.4–12.3; median length of pronotum 4.00–4.60 / 4.30– 4.80; greatest pronotal width 7.05–8.60 / 7.60–8.40.

General coloration yellowish brown. Body elliptical. Length of anteoculus 0.94–1.27 times length of interoculus; length of rostral segment I 0.91–1.12 times length of segment II; anterior frontogenal suture equal to longer than posterior frontogenal suture; clypeus not reaching ocular line (0.10–0.30 mm); vertex without longitudinal median carina; posterior interocular width 1.12–1.28 times length of anteoculus, and 1.44–1.79 times width of eye; eyes subtriangular. Pronotum without longitudinal median carina, if not, poorly distinct posteriorly; greatest pronotal width 1.75–1.87 times its length; scutellum usually reaching nodal line (0–0.55 mm), usually with longitudinal median carina; prosternal keel prominent, slightly acute at apex ( Fig. 10A ). Pilosity not extending along genital operculum, covering about half of connexivum.

Male genitalia ( Fig. 10B–D ).—Dorsal arms convergent, narrowing gradually toward apex in dorsal view; ventral diverticulum without dorsal caudal protuberance in dorsal and lateral views, and with poorly devel- oped ventroapical protuberance in lateral and ventral views; caudal lateral margins of ventral diverticulum convex, not sinuous in ventral view; width and length of ventral diverticulum about equal in ventral view.

Variation.—In a specimen from the State of Pará, the posterior portion of the phallus is broader than the anterior one ( Fig. 10E–G ).

Comparative notes.—The determination of B. discretum has become somewhat confused. Some characters vary greatly intraspecifically, such as eye shape, anteoculus and interoculus ratio, and the lengths of rostral segments I and II. According to De Carlo (1930, 1938), Estévez (1996), Lauck (1963), and Nieser (1975), B. discretum has triangular eyes (as found in species of the B. bergi and B. dilatatum groups). However, in the specimens studied here, the eyes are slightly rounded, as reported by Schnack (1976), or only somewhat triangular. According to De Carlo (1930, 1938) and Schnack (1973, 1976), in this species rostral segment I is longer than rostral segment II; whereas according to De Carlo (1950, 1956), Lauck (1963), and Nieser (1975), I is slightly shorter than II. Finally, as cited by De Carlo (1930, 1938), Lauck (1963), and Schnack (1976), in B. discretum the anteoculus is slightly shorter than the interoculus; yet Nieser (1975) comments that in this species the length of anteoculus is 0.9 to 1 times the length of the interoculus. Hence, overall, the differences among the specimens in these traits seem not to be significant.

Figures

FIGURE 10. Belostoma discretum Montandon, 1903 and B. noualhieri Montandon, 1899. B. discretum. 10A, Prosternal keel (lateral view): specimen from State of Amazonas (SEMC). 10B–G, Phallus: 10B–D, Specimen from State of Amazonas (SEMC). 10E–G, Specimen from Corrientes, Argentina (MACN). B. noualhieri. Prosternal keel (lateral view): specimen from State of Rio Grande do Sul (MNHN). 10B and 10E, Dorsal views. 10C and 10F, Ventral views. 10D and 10G, Lateral views. Scale: 1.00 mm.

FIGURE 18. Dorsal habitus. 18A, Belostoma dentatum (Mayr, 1863): [?] (NHMW). 18B, B. dilatatum (Dufour, 1863): specimen from State of São Paulo (MZSP). 18C, B. dilatatum: specimen from State of Mato Grosso do Sul (DZRJ 1). 18D, B. discretum Montandon, 1903: specimen from State of Amazonas (INPA 0020929). Scale bar: 20.00 mm.

FIGURE 23. Geographic distribution map of Belostoma species in southeastern Brazil. 23A, = B. costalimai, = B. cummingsi, = B. dallasi. 23B, = B. dentatum, = B. dilatatum, = B. discretum, = B. elongatum.