Cosmosycanus perelegans ( Breddin, 1903 )

Zhao, Ping, Ren, Shuzhi, Wang, Baohai & Cai, Wanzhi, 2015, Cosmosycanus perelegans (Hemiptera: Reduviidae: Harpactorinae), a new record from China, with report of its female genitalia, Zootaxa 3936 (4), pp. 567-574 : 568-573

Cosmosycanus perelegans ( Breddin, 1903)

( Figs. 1–29 )

Agriosphodrus perelegans Breddin 1903: 170 ; Maldonado-Capriles 1990: 161.

Sycanus elongatulus Distant 1919: 209 ; Maldonado-Capriles 1990: 311; synonymized by Ishikawa & Tomokuni 2004: 48. Cosmosycanus perelegans: Ishikawa & Tomokuni 2004: 48 .

Redescription. Colouration. Body blackish brown to black. Ventral surface of head, marking between ipsolateral ocelli and eyes, prothorax (except anterior pronotal lobe black), fore coxae, markings of mid coxae, anterior transversal strip of third to seventh abdominal sterna and connexivum in female ( Figs 1–3 , 8, 9 ), abdomen in male (except second abdominal segment, fourth to sixth abdominal terga blackish brown, lateral round markings of fourth to sixth abdominal sterna, round markings of third to seventh connexival segments, genital segment black) ivory-white ( Figs 4–6 ); margin of connexivum red; corium, abdomen and thorax suffused with pale whitish yellow. Structure. Body somewhat shiny, clothed with brown oblique longer setae and pale procumbent short setae; legs densely clothed with setae. Head subequal to pronotum and scutellum together in length, nearly as wide as width across anterior pronotal angles; first antennal segment longest, third segment shortest, second segment somewhat longer than third segment, fourth segment slightly longer than second and third segments together; rostrum long and curved, extending to base of fore coxae; distance between ipsolateral eye and ocellus less than half of interocellar distance. Pronotum nearly trapezoid; anterior lateral angle tuber-shaped; anterior pronotal lobe small and bulged, with deep longitudinal sulcus in posterior half of middle part; middle of posterior pronotal lobe not depressed; scutellum small, apical part round; hemelytron narrow and long, extending beyond abdominal tip; corium feebly sclerotized. Connexivum distinctly widened. Pygophore elliptic, median pygophore process large, triangular ( Figs 10, 11 ); paramere clavate, somewhat curved in middle part ( Figs 12, 13 ); basal plate of phallobase slightly longer than and thicker than plate bridge, pedicel short and wide ( Fig. 14 ); phallosome elliptic ( Figs 15–17 ); dorsal phallothecal sclerite sclerotized, gradually constricted in apical part ( Figs 15, 16 ); struts shown as Figs 15, 16 ; apical part of endosoma laterally with 3–6 pairs of spines ( Figs 23–28 ). First valvifer obtuse in apical part, slightly constricted in subapical part; apical part of first valvula round and with thick setae; anterior fibula wave-like; second valvifer short and small; second valvula with an “L” sclerite; two styloids connected and densely covered with setae apically; ninth and tenth terga of abdomen merged ( Figs 18–22 ).

Measurements [♂ (n= 3) / ♀ (n= 11), in mm]. Body length 26.2–27.5 / 29.3–30.5; maximal width of abdomen 11.0–11.1 / 10.5–11.6. Head length 5.8–6.2 / 6.2–6.8; length of anteocular part 2.1–2.2 / 2.2–2.3; length of postocular part 2.7–3.0 / 2.9–3.2; length of synthlipsis 0.9–1.0 / 0.9–1.1; distance between ocelli 0.5–0.7 / 0.6–0.7; length of antennal segments I–IV= 8.0–9.2 / 8.3–9.4: 3.5–3.7 / 3.8–4.0: 2.6–2.8 / 2.8–3.0: 7.2 / 6.8–7.5; length of visible rostral segments I–III= 2.1–2.3 / 2.2–2.5: 4.0–4.5 / 4.2–4.6: 0.6–0.8 / 0.8–0.9; length of anterior pronotal lobe 1.4–1.6 / 1.6–1.8; length of posterior pronotal lobe 2.6–2.8 / 3.1–3.4; maximal width of pronotum 5.0–5.5 / 5.7–6.3; length of scutellum 1.3–1.4 / 1.4–1.5; length of hemelytron 16.8–19.0 / 19.2–20.8.

Specimens examined. 1♀ 1♂, China, Guangxi, Ningming, Mt. Huashan, 2014-VI-5, Zhao P. leg. (CAU); 1♂, China, Guangxi, Ningming, Mt. Huashan, 2014-VI-5, Zhao P. leg. (NKU); 8♀ 1♂, Vietnam, Mai Chau, Hoa Binh, Tan Son, 2012-IV-27, Wang JY & Pham ML. leg. (CAU); 1♀ (holotype of Sycanus elongatulus Distant ), Tonkin, Than Moi; June 1917; R. V. de Salvaza; 1918-1, ♀; Sycanus elongatulus Dist , type, BMNH (E) 1255111 (BMNH).

Distribution ( Fig 29 ). China (Guangxi), Vietnam (Hoa Binh, Lang Son, Quang Ninh, Son La, Vinh Phuc).

Remarks. Cosmosycanus perelegans shows sexual dimorphism in colour patterns of abdominal venter, as well as intraspecific polymorphism in color patterns of abdominal venter and in the structure of the male external genitalia. The colour patterns of abdominal venter are quite different between sexes. In females, the black marking on each segment is transverse strip-shaped ( Figs 1–3 , 8, 9 ), while in males the black markings on each segment are separated or partly connected ( Figs 4–6 ). The colour patterns of abdominal venter in females exhibit two types, in one type the black strip on each segment is narrow and the white transversal strip is widened ( Figs 1–3 , 8 ); while in another type the black strip on each segment is widened and the white transversal strip is narrow ( Fig. 9 ). From the specimens examined it seems the colour variation of the species does not correlate with geographic locality.

When describing the male genitalia, Ishikawa & Tomokuni (2004) mentioned “endosoma membranous, with several triangular projections arranged transversely”. We have examined three males and found that the endosoma spines are variable among different individuals, one male from Guangxi, China has six pairs of spines on the lateral sides of distal part of endosoma ( Figs 23–25 ), one from the same locality has four spines on left side and six spines on the right side, and one male from Vietnam has four spines on left side and three spines on the right side ( Figs 26–28 ).

Figures

FIGURE 29. Geographical distribution map of Cosmosycanus perelegans (Breddin).

FIGURES 1 – 6. Cosmosycanus perelegans (Breddin), habitus, China, Guangxi; 1 – 3, ♀, 4 – 6, ♂; 1, 4, dorsal view; 2, 5, lateral view; 3, 6, ventral view. Scale bar of 1 – 6 = 5 mm.

FIGURES 7 – 17. Cosmosycanus perelegans (Breddin). 7, Head and pronotum, antennae removed; 8, 9, abdomen; 10, 11, pygophore; 12, 13, paramere; 14, phallobase; 15, phallus; 16, 17, phallosoma. 7 – 9, ♀, 10 – 17, ♂; 7, 8, 10 – 17, China, Guangxi; 9, Vietnam, Hoa Binh; 7, 8, 9, 11, 15, lateral view; 10, caudal view; 16, dorsal view; 17, ventral view. Scale bar of 7 – 9 = 2.5 mm; of 10 – 17 = 0.6 mm.

FIGURES 18 – 22. Female genitalia of Cosmosycanus perelegans (Breddin). 18, 19, First valvifers, first valvulae and anterior fibulae; 20, second valvifers, second valvulae, styloids and parts of oviducts; 21, second valvifers, second valvulae, styloids and oviducts; 22, second valvifer, 2 nd valvula and styloid. 18, 20, 21 ventral view; 19, dorsal view; 22, lateral view. Scale bar of 18 – 20, 22 = 0.952 mm; of 21 = 1.904 mm. AF—anterior fibula; Od—oviduct; Sty—styloid; Vf 1 — first valvifer; Vf 2 — second valvifer; Vl 1 — first valvula; Vl 2 — second valvula.

FIGURES 23 – 28. Cosmosycanus perelegans (Breddin), ♂, phallus. 23 – 25, China, Guangxi; 26 – 28, Vietnam, Hoa Binh; 23, 26, dorsal view; 24, 27, lateral view; 25, 28, ventral view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.