Helcystogramma trijunctum ( Meyrick, 1934 )

Li, H. H. & Zhen, H., 2011, Review of the genus Helcystogramma Zeller (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae: Dichomeridinae) from China, Journal of Natural History 45 (17 - 18), pp. 1035-1087 : 1072-1073

Helcystogramma trijunctum ( Meyrick, 1934)

( Figures 9B , 10K , 12F , 15B )

Orsodytis trijuncta Meyrick, 1934: 513 ; Gaede, 1937: 455; Clarke, 1969b: 272.

Anathyrsotis ceriochranta Meyrick, 1939: 55 ; Clarke, 1969a: 254 syn. rev.

Dichomeris trijuncta (Meyrick) : Li and Zheng, 1996: 232.

Helcystogramma ceriochrantum (Meyrick) : Ponomarenko, 1997: 5; Ponomarenko, 2009: 236.

Diagnosis

Adult ( Figure 9B ). Wingspan 11.0–14.0 mm. This species can be differentiated by the forewing having a broad dark brown, obliquely discontinuous fascia from costal twothirds length to dorsal one-third length, and a broad dark brown terminal fascia.

Material examined

CHINA: Anhui Province: 1 female, Mt Jiuhua (30 ◦ 23 ′ N, 117 ◦ 48 ′ E), 8 August 2004, coll. Jiasheng Xu and Jialiang Zhang ; Gansu Province: 1 female, Fanba, Wenxian (32 ◦ 58 ′ N, 104 ◦ 41 ′ E), 718 m, 16 July 2005, coll. Haili Yu ; Guangxi Zhuangzu Autonomous Region : 1 male, Tongzhong, Fangchenggang (21 ◦ 37 ′ N, 108 ◦ 20 ′ E), 370 m, 9 April 2002, coll. Shulian Hao and Huaijun Xue ; Guizhou Province: 1 female, Linjiang, Xishui (28 ◦ 19 ′ N, 106 ◦ 12 ′ E), 500 m, 31 May 2000, coll. Yanli Du ; 2 males, Heiwan, Jiangkou (27 ◦ 41 ′ N, 108 ◦ 50 ′ E), 600 m, 27 July 2001, coll. Houhun Li and Xinpu Wang ; Hubei Province: 2 males, 1 female, Pingbaying, Xianfeng (29 ◦ 40 ′ N, 109 ◦ 08 ′ E), 1280 m, 20 July 1999, coll. Houhun Li ; 1 male, Shayuan, Hefeng (29 ◦ 53 ′ N, 110 ◦ 02 ′ E), 1260 m, 17 July 1999, coll. Houhun Li et al.; Hunan Province: 1 female, Mt Badagong, Sangzhi (29 ◦ 23 ′ N, 110 ◦ 11 ′ E), 1250 m, 14 August 2001, coll. Houhun Li and Xinpu Wang ; Shaanxi Province: 1 male, Ningshan (33 ◦ 19 ′ N, 108 ◦ 20 ′ E), 880 m, 11 August 1987, coll. Houhun Li ; Sichuan Province: 1 male, 1 female, Jianfugong, Dujiangyan (31 ◦ 00 ′ N, 103 ◦ 36 ′ E), 18 July 1980 ( IZCAS) ; 1 male, Baoxing (30 ◦ 22 ′ N, 102 ◦ 50 ′ E), 1100 m, 1 August 2004, coll. Yingdang Ren ; Yunnan Province: 1 male, Wenquan, Kunming (25 ◦ 04 ′ N, 102 ◦ 42 ′ E), 1900 m, 29 August 2005, coll. Yingdang Ren ; 6 males, Mt Weibao, Weishan (25 ◦ 14 ′ N, 100 ◦ 18 ′ E), 2200 m, 20 July 2001, coll. Houhun Li and Xinpu Wang.

Distribution

China (Anhui, Gansu, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan) .

Remarks

Among the examined specimens of H. trijunctum (Meyrick) collected at the same locality and on the same day, the male genitalia are the same as those of Anathyrsotis ceriochranta Meyrick, 1939 in Clarke (1969a), and the female genitalia are the same as those of Orsodytis trijuncta Meyrick, 1934 (= H. trijunctum ) in Clarke (1969b). Our study shows that A. ceriochranta is a synonym of H. trijunctum , which supports the viewpoint of Park and Hodges (1995). But H. trijunctum mentioned in Park and Hodges was misidentified, as it is different from O. trijuncta Meyrick ( Clarke 1969b) in the vinculum with lobes slightly protruding on inner margin, nearly triangular distally and sharp apically in the male genitalia, and the ductus bursae with distal half widened gradually, slightly curved near corpus bursae in the female genitalia ( Park and Hodges 1995: figs 12, 13, 16); in H. trijunctum , the lobes of vinculum are obviously protruding on inner margin, thumb-shaped distally and blunt apically in the male genitalia ( Clarke 1969a: Plate 126, fig. 1c,d), and the ductus bursae is straight, parallel sided in distal two-thirds in the female genitalia ( Clarke 1969b: Plate 136, fig. 2a,b). Ponomarenko (1997) reinstated the specific name H. ceriochrantum (= A. ceriochranta ) as a valid one by comparing the photos of the type specimens of both species in Clarke (1969a,b) and the figures of H. trijunctum in Park and Hodges (1995). Nevertheless, we do not share the view with Ponomarenko because the species in Park and Hodges was misidentified. Our study of the specimens collected in China shows that A. ceriochranta is a synonym of H. trijunctum and we think the differences in the external characters between H. trijunctum and H. ceriochrantum described by Ponomarenko might be caused by abrasion of the specimens.

Figures

Figure 9. Adults of Helcystogramma spp. (A) H. hassenzanensis Park et Hodges, male; (B) H. trijunctum (Meyrick), female; (C) H. albilepidotum sp. nov., paratype male; (D) H. angustum sp. nov., paratype male; (E) H. flavistictum sp. nov., paratype male; (F) H. furvimaculare sp. nov., holotype male; (G) H. imagitrijunctum sp. nov., holotype male; (H) H. rectangulum sp. nov., paratype female.

Figure 10. (A–Q) Male abdominal eighth tergite of Helcystogramma spp. (A) H. flavilineolella Ponomarenko, slide no. ZH06459; (B) H. bicuneum (Meyrick), slide no. ZH06476; (C) H. epicentra (Meyrick), slide no. ZJL05249; (D) H. perelegans (Omelko et Omelko), slide no. ZH07574; (E) H. flavifuscum sp. nov., holotype, slide no. ZJL05145; (F) H. arotraeum (Meyrick), slide no. ZH07202; (G) H. fuscomarginatum Ueda, slide no. ZH06219; (H) H. lutatella (Herrich- Schäffer), slide no. L94400; (I) H. brevinodium sp. nov., holotype, slide no. ZH06114; (J) H. hassenzanensis Park et Hodges, slide no. L95013; (K) H. trijunctum (Meyrick), slide no. L00163; (L) H. albilepidotum sp. nov., holotype, slide no. ZH06324; (M) H. angustum sp. nov., holotype, slide no. ZH06467; (N) H. flavistictum sp. nov., holotype, slide no. L94242; (O) H. furvimaculare sp. nov., holotype, slide no. ZH06154; (P) H. imagitrijunctum sp. nov., holotype, slide no. L94299; (Q) H. rectangulum sp. nov., holotype, slide no. L95025. (R) I–III sternum of H. flavilineolella Ponomarenko, slide no. ZH06459.

Figure 12. Male genitalia of Helcystogramma spp. (A) H. arotraeum (Meyrick), genitalia slide no. ZH07202; (B) H. fuscomarginatum Ueda, genitalia slide no. ZH06219; (C) H. lutatella (Herrich-Schäffer), genitalia slide no. ZH06465; (D) H. brevinodium sp. nov., holotype, genitalia slide no. LZD01068; (E) H. hassenzanensis Park et Hodges, genitalia slide no. L95013; (F) H. trijunctum (Meyrick), genitalia slide no. ZH06071.

Figure 15. Female genitalia of Helcystogramma spp. (A) H. hassenzanensis Park et Hodges, genitalia slide no. ZH07481; (B) H. trijunctum (Meyrick), genitalia slide no. L00200; (C) H. albilepidotum sp. nov., paratype, genitalia slide no. ZH07206; (D) H. angustum sp. nov., paratype, genitalia slide no. ZH06468; (E) H. imagitrijunctum sp. nov., paratype, genitalia slide no. ZH07490; (F) H. rectangulum sp. nov., paratype, genitalia slide no. L95026.