Euconocephalus pallidus ( Redtenbacher, 1891 )

Sri-In, Chalida & Yang, Jeng-Tze, 2019, The Notched-frons Katydids of Taiwan (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae: Conocephalinae: Copiphorini): redescriptions and keys for identification, Zootaxa 4648 (1), pp. 63-91 : 71-75

Euconocephalus pallidus ( Redtenbacher, 1891)

( Fig. 3 ; Tables 1 & 2)

Conocephalus pallidus Redtenbacher, 1891 . Verh. der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellsch. Wien 41: 383, 414.

Body size: medium, 37–39 mm (male); 39–42 mm (female).

Head: In dorsal view, almost triangular, slightly longer in midline than wide (c.1:0.6), shorter than pronotum in length (c.1:1.5), head slightly narrower than pronotum (c.1:1.3), median length of fastigium longer than width about (c.1:0.6), vertex longer than fastigium about (c.1:0.6); compound eyes spherical, prominent. In lateral view, fastigium without ventral carina, strongly elongate, usually blunted at the tip; notch between fastigium and frons deep, distance between opening two times shorter than depth, basal process slightly produced, apical process absent. In anterior view, antenna scape as wide as antenna socket; lateral margins of frons parallel and apical part slightly divergent; face wider than width at level of eye about (c.1:0.8).

Thorax: Pronotum without lateral carinae; in lateral view, dorsal and ventral margins straight, median height shorter than median length about 1:1.8, with a marked invagination and small expansion at the posterior margin; in dorsal view, narrower anteriorly, slightly convergent towards head. Prosternum with a pair of spines, hind femora with ventral spines, hind femur length three times longer than mid femur. Tegmina covering abdomen, apex round- ed, and in female covering tip of ovipositor. Male stridulatory rib characteristic, with narrow teeth; mirror of the right tegmen oval with a stridulatory file.

Genitalia: Ovipositor straight, slender and narrowing towards the apex, usually as long as hind femur. Cerci cylindrical, last segment with a process perpendicular and inwardly bent towards midline. Tenth tergite rather concave with short styli, not projecting beyond cerci.

Coloration: Body in dorsal view, green or brown. Head in dorsal view, green or brown; lateral view, green or brown, without postocular stripe; antenna orange. Face green or brown; mandible orange; clypeus and labrum concolorous, yellowish green or yellow. Pronotum in dorsal view, metazona and prozona concolorous, green or brown; lateral view, green or dark brown. Fore and middle legs concolorous, yellowish green or yellowish brown. Hind leg with femora yellowish green or yellowish brown, femoral flange green or brown. Hind tibia green or brown, spines brown. Tegmina transparent with greenish or brownish areas. Abdomen in dorsal view, yellowish green to brown.

Specimens examined: 1♂ ( NMNS 2505-506 ), Taiwan, Taipei, Wuai Fushan , 14-X-1996, C.S. Lin & M.L. Chan, UV light . 1♂ ( NMNS 423-142 ), Taiwan,[no county], Yunlin, Tsao Ling , 14-XII-1988 / K.W. Huang / Sweep- ing net . 1♀ ( NMNS 1395-210 ), Taiwan, Taipei, Mucha , 15-XII-1991, C. Y. Li, Sweeping net . 1♀ ( NMNS 4051- 291 ), Taiwan, Taichung, Chingshui , 13- XI-2002, W.T. YANG, Sweeping net . 1♂ ( NMNS 5426-35 ), Taiwan, Tai- chung, Hsinshe Chungho Village , IV-28-2006, C.Y. Huang . 1♂ ( NMNS 0760 ), Taiwan, Is. Lanyu, Kaiyuan Port , II-27-2004, Jian-Hong Chen . 1♂ ( NMNS 0064 ), Taiwan, Tainan City, Anping Chu , V-12-2000, Jian-Hong Chen . 1♀ ( NMNS 0016 ), Taiwan, Tainan City, Anping Chu, Casuarina windbreak, I-12-2000, Jian-Hong Chen . 1♀ ( NMNS 0009 ), Taiwan, Tainan City, Tung Chu, National Cheng Kung University , II-02-2000, Jian-Hong Chen .

1♂ ( NCHU), Taiwan, Taitung, Hung tou, VIII-08-1989 , J. T. Yang. 1♀ ( NCHU), Taiwan, Taichung, Shen Yi Hui , IV-15 -1973.1 ♂ ( NCHU), Taiwan, Nantou, Huisun , IV-16-1994 , Jang Yu Jhia. 1♂ ( NCHU), Taiwan, Taichung, NCHU campus, VI-02-1992 , C. P. Lai. 1♀ ( NCHU), Taiwan, Taichung, NCHU campus, XII-17-1989 , L. M. Juang. 1♀ ( NCHU), Taiwan, Taichung, NCHU campus, V-22-1987 , Chay Sou Liu. 1♂ ( NCHU), Taiwan, Taichung, NCHU campus, XII-05-1993 , Y. M. Tang. 1♀ ( NCHU), Taiwan, Taichung, NCHU campus, V-12-1992 , H. P. Wuy. 1♀ ( NCHU), Taiwan, Taichung, NCHU campus, IV-18-1992 , S. Y. P. 1♂ ( NCHU), Taiwan, Taic- hung, NCHU campus, V-01-1989 , Y. L. Huang. 1♂ ( NCHU), Taiwan, Taichung, NCHU campus, VI-02-1993 , S. Y. P. 1♂ ( NCHU), Taiwan, Taichung, NCHU campus, VI-27-1986 , H. J. Chen. 1♂ ( NCHU), Taiwan, Taichung, NCHU campus, V-02-1980 , L. Y. S. 2♂ ( NCHU), Taiwan, Taichung, NCHU campus, IV-14-1987 , J. C. Chung. 1♂ ( NCHU), Taiwan, Taitung, NCHU campus, I-09-1994 , S. R. Chue. 1♀ ( NCHU), Taiwan, Kaohsiung, IV-13-1992 , S. J. P. 1♀ ( NCHU), Taiwan, Nantou, Huisun , IV-12-1988 , L. S. C. 1♀ ( NCHU), Taiwan, Taichung, NCHU campus, V-30-1993 , L. R.L. 4♀ ( NCHU), Taiwan, Taichung, NCHU campus, X-12-1962 , A. J. Nieh. 5♂ ( NCHU), Taiwan, Taichung, NCHU campus, X-12-1962 , A. J. Nieh. 1♀ ( NCHU), Taiwan, Nantou, Huisun, Guan Tao Ci , IV-12-1988 , L. L.Wu. 1♂ ( NCHU), Taiwan, Nantou, Huisun, Guan Tao Ci , V-25-1993 , Lin Yin Chi.

Habitat: Commonly found in abandoned gardens, less commonly in grasslands, and occasionally in paddy fields.

Distribution: China (Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Hunan, Yunnan); India; Indonesia; Malaysia; Myanmar; New Guinea; Philippines; Singapore; Sri Lanka, Thailand; Taiwan; Vietnam.

Figures

FIGURE 3. Head of Pyrgocorypha formosana, dorsal view (HDL: head length; HDW: head width; VFL: vertexial fastigium length; VFW: vertexial fastigium width; VTL: vertex length; PTL: pronotum length.) (Scale = 1mm)

Tables

TABLE 2. Measurements of females of Euconocephalus pallidus (Redtenbacher, 1891)

Characters	N	Range(mm)	Mean±SD(mm)	CV(%)
BL	15	39~41.73	40.41±1.36	3.38
TL	15	67~68.08	67.59±0.54	0.81
HL	15	6.5~6.75	6.64±0.12	1.92
HW	15	3.88~4	3.92±0.06	1.63
VFL	15	3.62~3.72	3.68±0.05	1.43
VFH	15	3.62~3.72	1.97±0.02	1.27
VFW	15	2~2.25	2.15±0.13	4.15
VTL	15	2.88~3.05	2.96±0.08	2.88
ND	15	0.7~0.77	0.74±0.03	4.87
NW	15	0.47~0.55	0.5±0.04	4.97
EL	15	1.5~1.58	1.54±0.04	2.61
EW	15	1.6~1.7	1.64±0.05	3.05
ASCW	15	0.74~0.78	0.75±0.02	2.75
ELW	15	3.9~4.2	4.03±0.15	3.78
FL	15	7.82~8	7.9±0.09	1.14
GW	15	4.9~5.2	5.03±0.15	3.03
PTL	15	8.85~9	8.94±0.07	0.88
PTW	15	4.82~5.12	4.98±0.15	3.03
PTH	15	5~5.2	5.11±0.1	2.03
TML	15	44.78~46.2	45.32±0.76	1.68
SFL	15	-	-	-
FTL	15	6.5~6.72	6.6±0.11	1.66
MTL	15	8.12~8.25	8.19±0.06	0.8
HTL	15	23.55~23.7	23.61±0.07	0.32
FFL	15	6.2~6.5	6.34±0.15	2.38
MFL	15	8.9~9.06	8.98±0.08	0.89
HFL	15	26.9~27.02	26.94±0.06	0.23
CCL	15	-	-	-
OVL	15	23.7~24.55	24.08±0.43	1.78
OVW	15	1.5~1.65	1.56±0.07	4.87