Charops lucianae Santos & Onody, 2019

Santos, Alvaro Doria Dos, Onody, Helena Carolina & Brandão, Carlos Roberto Ferreira, 2019, Taxonomic contributions to the genus Charops Holmgren, 1859 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae), with description of seven new species from Brazil, Zootaxa 4619 (1), pp. 45-76 : 57-61

Charops lucianae Santos & Onody sp. nov.

( Figs. 6 A–H, 7A, B, 15)

Material examined: Holotype: ♀ ( MZSP 62122 ), BRASIL: São Paulo, Luís Antônio, Estação Ecológica de Jatai, Mata Ciliar , Arm. [Armadilha] luminosa, 21°36’47”S, 47°49’04”W Ponto 2, 7.v.2008. R. I. R. Lara & Equipe col.

Paratypes: 1 ♀ ( INPA), BRASIL: Amazonas, Rio Preto da Eva, Santa Terezinha, 40 Plantio 2°40’16.53”S 59°39’20.50”W, Arm. Suspensa, 28.xi.2013, B. G. Oliveira; 1 ♀, 2 ♂ ( MZSP 21060, 21066, 21072), Ceará, Crateús, Serra das Almas–Grajaú, 05º07’05”S 40º52’25”W, 03–08.vi.2009, Brandão & Eq. col.; 1 ♀ ( INPA), Maranhão, São Pedro da Água Branca, (Fazenda Esplanada), 04º59’05”S 48º08’03”W, 07.xii.2001, Malaise, J. A. Rafael; F. L. Oliveira & J. Vidal col.; 1 ♀ ( MZSP 62092), Mato Grosso do Sul, Aquidauana, Res. [Reserva] Ecol. [Ecológica] UEMS [Universidade Estadual do Mato Grosso do Sul] vegetação Aberta, Flor. [esta] Est. [acional] Decidual, 20º25’59.0”S 55º39’20.8”W 11–26 ix.2012, Malaise 8, Lamas, Nihei & eq. col.; 1♀ ( MZSP 62093), same data except vegetação Fechada, Floresta Estacional Decidual, 20º26’03.7”S 55º39’20.8”W 26.vii.11 – viii.2012, Malaise 7; 1# ( MZSP 52018), Bodoquena, Faz. [Fazenda] Califórnia (Ciliar), 20º41’49.9”S 56º52’54”W, 21.vii– 06.viii.2012 Malaise 04, Lamas, Nihei & eq. cols.; 1 ♀ ( DCBU 64044), Minas Gerais, Andradas, Fazenda Bela Vista, 22º04’40.3”S 46º35’53.7”W, Armadilha Malaise, 01.ix.2009; 1 ♀ ( MZSP 62091), Conceição do Mato Den- tro, S. Serpentina, 19º01’29.8”S 43º23’24.7”W, Canga Área 2, 17–27.iv.2011, R. R. Silva & E. Z. Albuquerque cols. 1?# ( MZSP 62094), same data except 0672302/ 7892821 WGS 84 Canga Área 1, 18–28.iii.2009, R. R. Silva col.; 1 ♀ ( DCBU 330691), Minas Gerais, Sete Lagoas, 15–30.v.2000, Malaise I. Cruz col.; 3 ♀ ( DCBU 330686–330688), same data except 12–26.vi.2000; 1 ♀ ( DCBU 330689), same data except 26.vi–10.vii.2000; 1 ♀ ( MZSP 62095), Paraná, Colombo Canguiri, 910 m, 25°22’44.65”S 49°07’53.30”W, i.2015, Malaise M. Savaris & S.Lampert cols.; 2 ♀ ( DCBU 66800, 66812), Piauí, Piracuruca, Parque Nacional das Sete Cidades, 04º04’27”S 41º42’22”W, Armadilha Malaise 01, 06.iii.2014, Caatinga, C. R. Araújo e eq. cols.; 4 ♀ ( DCBU 71346, 71766, 71767, 85563), same data except 23.iv.2013; 1 ♀ ( DCBU 86006), same data except 09.v.2014; 2 ♀ ( DCBU 71357, 71358), same data except 21.v.2013; 3 ♀ ( DCBU 71370, 71261, 71262), same data except 25.vi.2013; 2 ♂ ( DCBU 274935, 274976), Rio de Janeiro, Paraty, ESEC [Estação Ecológica] de Tamoios, 23°01’52.4”S 44°33’26.8”W, luminosa 02 (53m), 12–17.ii.2016, A. S. Soares e L. A. M. Soares cols.; 1 ♂ ( MZSP 62096), Roraima, Ilha de Maracá, Estação Ecológica de Maracá, 03º22.623’N 61º26.136’ W, 14–29.ix. 2015, 101m, Arm. [Armadilha] Mal- aise, ponto 5 Trilha Santa Rosa, Biffi, Falaschi, Mandulão, Marinho, Pinheiro & Riccardi col.; 1 ♀ ( INPA), Santa Catarina, Chapecó, S 27°05’48” W 52°37’07”, 25.ii.2016 V. C. Pozzo Host: Erinnyis ello (Linnaeus, 1758) ; 2 ♀ 1 ♂ ( LRRP 10256–10258), São Paulo same data as holotype; 1 ♂ ( MZSP 62122), same data except 02.i.2008; 1 ♂ ( MZSP 62123), same data except 26.iii.2008; 1 ♀ ( MZSP 62124), same data as except 9.vi.2008; 1 ♀, 1 ♂ ( LRRP 10253, 10254), same data as except 2.ix.2008; 3 ♂ ( LRRP 10250–10252), same data except 17.ix.2008; 2 ♀, 1 ♂ ( DCBU 33678, 33679, UFES), same data except 14.x.2008; 1 ♀ ( MZSP 62125), same data except 12.xi.2008; 2 ♀ ( MNRJ 000.031, 000.032), same data except 28.i.2009; 1 ♀, 1 ♂ ( MNRJ 000.033, 000.034), same data except 28.ii.2009; 1 ♂ ( UFES), same data except 01.iv.2009; 1 ♂ ( LRRP 10255), same data except 25.xi.2009; 1 ♀ ( DCBU 121897), same data except 21°36,58’S, 47°48,24’W, Armadilha Malaise 01 (538m), 21.ii.2015, A. S. Soares col.; 1 ♀ ( DCBU 330690), Descalvado Faz. [Fazenda] Itaúnas, Malaise 3–15.xii.2000; 1 ♀ ( DCBU 330695), Matão, Cam- buhy Farm (elev. 575m), 21º37’21.66”S 48º31’49.58”W, 17.vii.2000 reared from Bagisara paulensis (Noctuidae) ; 1♀ 1? ( DCBU 330696, 330698), same data except 25.ii.2000, pupa encontrada em Croton floribundus .;1?# ( DCBU 330694), same data except 17.vii.2000 reared from Oxydia vesulia (Geometridae) ; 2 ♀ ( DCBU 154969, 154973), Ribeirão Grande, Parque Estadual de Intervales, S 24º 16’ 28” W 48º 25’ 14.8”, Armadilha Malaise 01 (840m), 21.i.2010, N. W. Perioto e eq cols.; 1 ♀ ( DCBU 330692), São Carlos, Fazenda Canchim, EMBRAPA Mata sede, S 21°57’56” W 47°50’37” Malaise 1 (830m), 02.x.1995, L. A. Joaquim col.; 2 ♀ ( DCBU 330693, 330697), same data except 04.xii.1998; 2 ♀ ( DCBU 228088, 228089), Teodoro Sampaio, Parque Estadual Morro do Diabo, S 22° 36’ 15,8’ W 52° 18’ 2,5”, Armadilha Malaise 1 (414m), 16.viii.2010, N. W. Perioto e equipe col.

Diagnosis. Relatively small sized, inner margin of eyes parallel near clypeus; antenna with 32–35 flagellomeres; epomia absent; scape black with a thin pale-yellow line on its apex; fore and mid legs pale-yellow.

Description. Female ( Fig. 6H ): Fore wing 3.5–4.3 mm.

Head. Densely punctate and covered with setae; lateral height of head 0.82–0.94× the size of mesopleuron; mandibles short and stout, apex 0.7–0.86× as wide as base, upper tooth broader than the lower tooth; malar space 0.45–0.68× as long as basal width of mandible; inner margin of eyes parallel near clypeus; supraclypeal area subquadrate ( Fig. 6A ); width 0.91–1.17× its height; lateral ocellus separated from eye by 0.2–0.33× its own diameter; interocellar distance 0.7–1.07× diameter of lateral ocelli; interocellar area with sparse small setae; antenna with 32–35 flagellomeres; width of first flagellomere 4–5.1× its height; height of second flagellomere 0.52–0.68× height of first flagellomere; last flagellomere cone shaped with a rounded apex, occipital area slightly imbricate.

Mesosoma . Pronotum dorsolaterally imbricate, laterally and ventrolaterally polished with transverse wrinkles; epomia absent; mesoscutum finely punctate; scutellum and post scutellum densely covered with setae; mesopleuron dorsolaterally foveolate with strong transverse wrinkles and sparse covered with setae; speculum denudate with transverse wrinkles ( Fig. 6C ); epicnemial carina present, reaching only basal part of mesopleuron; mesopleuron ventrally foveolate without wrinkles and sparse setae; sternaulus absent; posterior transverse carina of mesosternum straight not produced near the coxal area; metapleuron punctate and with its posterior part densely covered with setae; juxtacoxal carina complete and strong impressed with perpendicular carina absent or vestigial; juxtacoxal area imbricate; pleural carina complete; spiracle elliptical with its width 0.33–0.66× the spiracle height; propodeum hairy and foveolate; strong transverse wrinkles on petiolar area; areola and basal area with vestigial wrinkles ( Fig. 6B ); lateral longitudinal carina of propodeum complete, reaching propodeum neck or incomplete, not reaching propodeum neck; median longitudinal carina of propodeum complete; propodeum neck 0.66–0.84× the size of hind coxa.

Legs. Fore legs coxae with a slim lateral carina; height of fore t1 0.63–0.84× height of fore t2–t5; height of mid legs with t1 0.66-0.87× height of mid t2–t5; height of hind legs with t1 0.77–0.81× height of mid t2–t5.

Wings. Hyaline and covered with small setae; fore wing: vein 1cu-a arising after of 1M+Rs; vein 3/Cu placed at midlenght of 2/Cu and crossvein 2cu-a; vein 1/Rs+M curved; bulla of 1/Rs+M placed after its midlength near 2/M; 2/RS 0.4–0.64 as long as 2/M; bulla of 2m-cu placed near 2/M 0.2–0.4× the distance between the bulla and 4/Cu vein; hind wing: vein 1-Rs forming a curve with 1r-m angle; hind wing with 5 hamuli.

Metasoma. Tergites imbricate; first tergite with sparse setae, first sternite glabrous with subpetiolar process conspicuous; tergite II 0.7–0.87× the length of tergite I; remaining tergites and sternites finely punctate covered with small setae; thyridium elliptical almost rounded rectangular ( Fig. 6E ); ovipositor sheath covered with long setae; ovipositor straight with 0.98mm long; ovipositor notch not deep ( Fig. 6G ), distant from apex 0.17–0.24× length of ovipositor; ovipositor notch angle 65.3–110.3º; ovipositor ventral valve with a lobe near apex.

Color. Pubescence silvery. Head: black; palpi pale-yellow; mandibles pale-yellow with brown teeth; ocelli pale to dark brown; antenna dark-brown, scape black with a thin pale-yellow line on its apex; pedicel black sometimes with a yellow mark. Mesosoma : black; tegula and fore leg pale-yellow with t5 brown; mid leg with dark-brown coxae, trochanter to t4 pale-yellow, t5 brown; hind leg with dark yellow trochantellus the remaining color vary be- tween totally dark-brown to pale yellow marks in different tarsomeres ( Fig. 7B ). Metasoma: first segment with anterior part dark brown, mid part dark yellow and postpetiole brown, slightly darker posteriorly ( Fig. 6D ) sometimes darker; tergite 2 dorsally dark brown and ventrally light brown, thyridium brown; sternite II light brown; remaining tergites dorsally black and ventrally brown; remaining sternites pale-yellow with black marks; ovipositor sheaths and cerci black, ovipositor brown.

Male ( Fig. 7A ): Similar to female in structure and color, except: lateral height of head 0.8–0.88× size of mesopleuron; mandibular apex 0.71–1.0× as wide as base; malar space 0.4–0.6× as long as basal width of mandible; width of supraclypeal area 0.85–1.11× its height; spiracle width 0.45–0.6× its height; propodeum neck 0.65–0.78× the size of hind coxae; fore t1 0.65–0.78×, mid t1 0.74–0.9× and hind t1 0.73–0.84× the size of remaining tarsomeres; tergite II 0.67–0.85× the length of tergite I; 2/RS 0.41–0.66× the size of 2/M; hind legs with t2–t4 or t3–t4 pale-yellow; metasomal tergites I–II and V–VIII darker than the female; gonoforceps and cercus also black.

Biology: Reared from Bagisara paulensis Schaus, 1898 , Oxydia vesulia (Cramer, 1779) (Fernandes et al. 2010) , Erinnyis ello (Linnaeus, 1758) (data from label), attracted to light.

Comments: we observed a great variation in the mesopleura wrinkles (transverse or not), surface sculptures of the propodeum (ranging from faint and to strong carinae) and in the color of the hind tarsomeres (varying from pale-yellow to white marks in different tarsomeres or totally dark-brown ( Fig. 7B )). This species is similar to C. angelicae sp. nov. and C. terezae sp. nov. from which it can be differentiated by the pale-yellow fore and mid legs (vs fore and mid legs with dark-orange or brown mark).

Etymology: This species is named in honor of our friend, the technician Luciana Bueno dos Reis Fernandes.

Figures

FIGURE 6. Charops lucianae sp. nov. holotype., female. A, head in frontal view. B, propodeum in dorsal view. C, mesosoma in lateral view. D, first metasomal segment in lateral view. E, second metasomal segment in lateral view. F, ovipositor in lateral view. G, ovipositor notch in lateral view. H, habitus in lateral view.

FIGURE 7. Charops lucianae sp. nov. A male in lateral view. B color variation among specimens of C. lucianae from left to right: DCBU 71358 ♀ from Piauí (Piracuruca), DCBU 121897 ♀ from São Paulo (Luís Antônio), DCBU 274935 ♂ from Piauí (Piracuruca), INPA ♀ from Amazonas (Rio Preto da Eva) and LRRP ♂ from São Paulo (Luís Antônio)