Paralecanium, Cockerell

Tan, Zhixiang, Meng, Shitao & Xing, Jichun, 2024, Description of a new species of the genus Paralecanium Cockerell & Bueker (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha: Coccidae) from China, Zootaxa 5415 (3), pp. 477-485 : 483-484

Key to species of Paralecanium adult females, partly based on Hodgson & Williams (2018)

1(0) Legs reduced, with very short segments................................................. P. palawanense Hodgson

- Legs normally developed............................................................................... 2

2(1) Marginal setae spatulate................................................................ P. comperei Hodgson

- Marginal setae fan-shaped.............................................................................. 3

3(2) Dorsal setae each expanding into a scimitar-like apex......................................... P. acinaces Hodgson

- Dorsal setae with apices of other shapes................................................................... 4

4(3) With dorsal setae of 2 sizes............................................................................. 5

- With dorsal setae of 1 size throughout..................................................................... 6

5(4) Stigmatic spines basically club-shaped, and usually not extending beyond cleft opening............. P. busoense Hodgson

- Stigmatic spines each parallel-sided throughout entire length, and longer, extending beyond cleft opening................................................................................................. P. pahanense Takahashi

6(4) Stigmatic clefts each containing only 1 stigmatic spine........................................................ 7

- Stigmatic clefts each containing at least 2 stigmatic spines.................................................... 10

7(6) Legs relatively well developed, with trochanter + femur more than 105 µm long................................... 8

- Legs reduced, with trochanter + femur less than 85 µm long................................................... 9

8(7) Dorsal setae few, each 11–12 μm long, with base narrow but quickly broadening, becoming narrowly bulbous at apex.................................................................................. P. claviseta Hodgson (in part)

- Dorsal setae short and stout, each 6–7 µm long, parallel-sided with apex blunt................... P. maculatum Takahashi

9(7) Anal plate apodemes each extending anteriorly and fused medially.............................. P. minutum Takahashi

- Anal plate apodemes not extending anteriorly, not fused medially................................ P. vacerra Hodgson

10(6) Body elongate, 2.5–3.0x longer than wide................................................. P. elongatum Hodgson

- Body much broader, less than 2x longer than wide.......................................................... 11

11(10) Stigmatic clefts each containing only 2 stigmatic spines................................ P. claviseta Hodgson (in part)

- Stigmatic clefts each containing 3 stigmatic spines.......................................................... 12

12(11) Trochanters each without a long seta................................................... P. hainanense Takahashi

- Trochanters each with a long seta........................................................................ 13

13(12) Marginal ornamentation absent......................................................... P. calophylli (Green)

- Marginal ornamentation present....................................................................... 14

14(13) Trochanter + femur less than 40 µm long.................................................. P. ovatum Morrison

- Trochanter + femur more than 60 µm long............................................................... 15

15(14) Trochanter + femur more than 160 µm long............................................. P. macrozamiae (Fuller)

- Trochanter + femur less than 150 µm long............................................................... 16

16(15) Venter of mature specimens without a sclerotized or patterned marginal band................................... 17

- Venter of mature specimens with a sclerotized or patterned marginal band...................................... 18

17(16) Dorsal setae each finely spinose with a sharp apex....................................... P. neoguineense Hodgson

- Dorsal setae clearly capitate............................................................. P. zonatum (Green)

18(16) Ventral marginal band more than 250 μm wide.......................................... P. geometricum (Green)

- Ventral marginal band less than 230 μm wide............................................................ 19

19(18) Marginal setae each fan-shaped but with a flattish top, almost triangular......................... P. frenchii (Maskell)

- Marginal setae each fan-shaped with a cambered top, never triangular......................................... 20

20(19) Large dorsal pores each 8–10 μm wide.................................................................. 21

- Large dorsal pores (if present) each no more than 7 μm wide................................................ 22

21(20) Dorsum with each submedial band containing only 10–15 large pores....................... P. cypripedium Hodgson

- Dorsum with each submedial band containing 35–60 large pores........................... P. peradeniyense (Green)

22(20) Dorsal setae each with a sharp apex.................................................................... 23

- Dorsal setae each with a more-or-less blunt or capitate apex................................................. 24

23(22) Stigmatic spines tending to be rather pointed............................................. P. marginatum (Green)

- Stigmatic spines slightly clavate........................................................ P. maritimum (Green)

24(22) Antennal segments IV and V each with a setose seta....................................................... 25

- Antennal segments IV and V each without any setose setae......................... P. sabia Tan, Meng & Xing sp. n.

25(24) Large dorsal pores absent, or, if considered present, each only about 2 μm wide................................. 26

- Large dorsal pores present, each 4–6 μm wide............................................................ 27

26(25) Ornamentation of margin consisting of 6–8 strong radial sclerotizations between each pair of marginal setae................................................................................................ P. planum (Green)

- Ornamentation of margin consisting of 1–3 large, shallow sclerotized patches between each pair of marginal setae........................................................................................... P. machili Takahashi

27(25) Multilocular disc-pores present around genital opening and on preceding 2 segments................... P. leei Hodgson

- Multilocular disc-pores present in groups on either side of genital opening and on 1 preceding segment only.......... 28

28(27) Dorsal setae rather short, each curved with a blunt apex. Abdominal clear areas obscure or absent on younger specimens but clearly present on mature specimens................................................ P. neomaritimum Takahashi

- Dorsal setae longer, each straight, stout and parallel-sided, often with a capitate apex. Abdominal clear areas absent....................................................................................... P. morobeense Hodgson