Protoneura sanguinipes Westfall, 1987

Ellenrieder, Natalia Von & Garrison, Rosser W., 2017, A synopsis of the Neotropical genus Protoneura (Odonata: Coenagrionidae), Zootaxa 4361 (1), pp. 1-76 : 35-36

Protoneura sanguinipes Westfall, 1987

Figs. 17 (♂ habitus), 41 (♀ habitus), 63 (♀ mes. plate), 87 (gen. lig.), 113 (♂ app.), 119 (map)

Protoneura sanguinipes Westfall, 1987: 93 –97, Figs. 1–4 (description of ♂ and ♀, illustrations of ♂ appendages and ♀ mesostigmal plates);— Paulson (2004: 176; listed as range restricted);— Flint et al. (2006: 73; Dominican Republic);— Westfall & May (2006: 431, 433–435, 439, 440, Figs. 225B, 226F; in key to northern representatives of genus, characterization of adults, illustrations of ♂ S10, ♀ pronotum and mesostigmal plates);— Paulson (2009f; IUCN assessment);— Garrison et al. (2010: 379, 381, Figs. 2515, 2517; illustrations ♂ S10, ♀ S8–10);— Meurgey (2013: 300, 306; distribution).

Primary types. Holotype ♂. Arroyo Bermejo, 4 km NNE of Hatillo and Autopista Duarte, Distrito Nacional, Distrito Nacional, 10 viii 1983, R.W. Garrison leg. [ FSCA # 727 ].

Specimens examined. 19 ♂, 23 ♀: DOMINICAN REPUBLIC : 1 ♂ 1 ♀, A. Busck leg. [ USNM]; Prov. Dajabón : 1 ♂ 2 ♀ (paratypes), Masacre River, Balneario El Salto, Loma de Cabrera {19°25' N, 71°36'51'' W, 252 m}, 20–23 v 1973, D. & M. Davis leg. [ FSCA]; Distrito Nacional : 1 ♂ 1 ♀, Isabela River, about 2 km E of Berrio (18°39'49'' N, 70°9'28'' W), 10 viii 2001, D.E. Perez-Gelabert leg. [ USNM] ; 8 ♂ 11 ♀ paratypes (8 pairs in tandem), Arroyo Bermejo, 4 km NNE of Hatillo , Autopista Duarte (18°36'2'' N, 70°6'16'' W, 90 m), 10 viii 1983, R.W. Garrison leg. [RWG] ; 1 ♂ 1 f # paratypes (in tandem), same data but [ CSCA] ; 3 ♂ 3 ♀, paratypes (in tandem), same data but [ FSCA] ; 1 ♂ 1 ♀ paratypes (in tandem), same data but [ UMMZ] ; 1 ♂ 1 ♀, paratypes (in tandem), same data but [ USNM] ; 1 ♂ 1 ♀, same data but 6 vi 1989, J.J. Daigle leg. [RWG] ; 1 ♂ 1 ♀, same data but [ USNM].

Characterization. Male: Epicranium and dorsum of thorax dark metallic copper with green reflections, dorsum of S1, distal ring on S2–5, and S6–10 black, remainder orange-brown, with a dorsal orange spot on S9 distal half; pale colors reddish orange and yellow ( Fig. 17 ). Pronotum black with lateral corner of middle lobe orange red. Mesepisternum and mesepimeron dark metallic copper; metepisternum dark with large yellow spot on ventral half; metepimeron pale yellow with anterodorsal corner black. Coxa and trochanter dark with margins orange; remainder of leg entirely reddish orange; legs and venter of thorax pruinose; tibial spurs shorter than twice intervening spaces. Genital ligula lacking lateral lobes, with a triangularly convex distal margin and laterodistal corners of distal segment not projected ventrally ( Fig. 87 ). Cercus about as long as S10 length and paraproct, longer than wide in lateral view, with a longitudinal split along dorsal portion of external surface, delimiting a medial sclerotized branch which ends on a broad triangular tip directed medioventrally located at about midlength of cercus ( Fig. 113 ); remainder of cercus foliaceous, medially concave, with a small triangular tooth at ventrobasal edge, and a long, curved thick pointed tooth at mediobasal edge directed medioposteriorly. Paraproct about as long as S10 length, narrowing to half its basal width at distal 1/3, and concave medially ( Fig. 113 ). TL 37–38.5; Hw 18– 18.5.

Female: As male but dark color black with metallic green to copper reflections, pale areas orange or yellow; pronotum black with margins yellow; legs with coxae, trochanters, and base of outer surface of femora yellow, extensor surface of femora dark brown, remainder of legs pale orange; pale lateral area of S9 extended dorsally medially to about 1/2 of segment height ( Fig. 41 ). Middle lobe of pronotum lacking pronounced lateral depressions; posterior lobe directed dorsally, trilobed with medial lobe entire and smoothly convex ( Fig. 63a ). Mesostigmal plate oval with medial margin elevated and with a shallow central concavity; mesanepisterum with oblique carina arising from posteromedial corner of mesostigmal plate and ending midway to middorsal carina ( Fig. 63b ). TL 32.5–36; Hw 17.5–21.

Diagnosis. Male cercus morphology, with a medial sclerotized branch which ends on a tooth directed medioventrally and remainder of cercus foliaceous, medially concave, with a small triangular tooth on outer ventrobasal edge, and a long, curved thick pointed tooth at medial ventrobasal edge directed medially ( Figs. 113 ), is shared with P. caligata , P. capillaris , P. dunklei and P. viridis ( Figs. 100 ; 102; 106; 117). Within this group, P.

sanguinipes resembles P. dunklei by the medial sclerotized branch of male cercus ending on a broad triangular tip located at about midlength of cercus ( Figs. 106 ; 113) and by distal margin of genital ligula triangularly convex with laterodistal corners not projected ventrally ( Figs. 80 ; 87); in P. caligata , P. capillaris , and P. viridis the medial branch ends on a tooth directed medioventrally located at cercus tip ( Figs. 100 ; 102; 106; 117), and distal margin of genital ligula is straight with laterodistal corners projected ventrally ( Figs. 74 ; 76; 93). Protoneura sanguinipes differs from males of all four species by the entirely reddish orange femora, tibiae and tarsi ( Fig. 17 ), which have various extents of dark colors in the other species ( Figs. 4 ; 6; 21). Female can be distinguished from all congeners except P. dunklei by its trilobed posterior lobe of pronotum directed dorsally and with medial lobe entire and smoothly convex ( Fig. 63a ) and by the oval mesostigmal plate ( Fig. 63b ). It differs from P. dunklei by flexor surface of tibiae pale ( Fig. 41 ; dark in P. dunklei , Fig. 34 ).

Habitat and biology. Females oviposit on sedges near banks while still in tandem with males ( Westfall 1987). Distribution. Dominican Republic ( Fig. 119 ). Assessed as Endangered by IUCN ( Paulson 2009f).

Figures

FIGURES17–20. Male body scan; head in dorsalview, thorax and abdomen in lateral view (not to scale). (17) P.sanguinipes; (18) P.scintilla; (19) P.sulfurata; (20) P. tenuis.

FIGURES 1–4. Male body scan; head in dorsal view, thorax and abdomen in lateral view (not to scale). (1) P. ailsa; (2) P. amatoria; (3) P.aurantiaca; (4) P.caligata.

FIGURES 85–91. Genital ligula in ectal (85–91a), lateral (85–91b), and entolateral (85c) views (to scale).(85) P. rojiza; (86) P. romanae; (87)P.sanguinipes; (88) P.scintilla; (89) P.sulfurata; (90–91) P.tenuis. All by RWG.

FIGURES 112–114. Male caudal appendages in lateral (112–114a), posterodorsal (112–114b), and dorsal (112–114b) views (not to scale). (112) P.romanae; (113) P.sanguinipes; (114) P. scintilla.

FIGURES 41–44. Female body scan; head in dorsal view, thorax and abdomen in lateral view (not to scale). (41) P. sanguinipes; (42) P. scintilla; (43) P. sulfurata; (44) P. tenuis. Insert in Fig. 42: posterior lobe of pronotum in dorsal view; in Fig.43: pterothorax in dorsal view.

FIGURES 60–63. Female pronotum (60b; 63a) and mesostigmal plates (60a, c; 61; 62; 63b), in lateral (60a; 61a) and dorsal (60b, c; 61b; 62; 63) views (to scale). (60) P. peramans; (61) P. rojiza; (62) P. romanae; (63) P. sanguinipes.

FIGURES 100–102. Male caudal appendages in lateral (100–102a), posterodorsal (100–102b), and dorsal (100–102b) views (not to scale). (100) P.caligata; (101) P. calverti; (102) P.capillaris.

FIGURES 106–108. Male caudal appendages in lateral (106–108a), posterodorsal (106–108b), and dorsal (106–108b) views (not to scale). (106) P.dunklei; (107) P. klugi; (108) P. macintyrei.

FIGURES 79–84. Genitalligula in ectal (79–84a), lateral (79–84b), and entolateral (81c; 84c) views (to scale).(79) P.cupida; (80) P.dunklei; (81) P.klugi; (82) P.macintyrei; (83) P.paucinervis; (84) P. peramans. All by RWG.

FIGURES 71–78. Genital ligula inectal (71–78a) and lateral (71–78b) views (to scale). (71) P.ailsa; (72) P.amatoria; (73) P. aurantiaca; (74) P.caligata; (75) P.calverti; (76) P.capillaris; (77) P.cara; (78) P.corculum. All by RWG.

FIGURES 33–36. Female body scan; head in dorsal view, thorax and abdomen in lateral view (not to scale). (33) P. cupida; (34) P.dunklei; (35)P.klugi; (36) P.macintyrei. Insert in Fig.35: thorax in ventral view.

FIGURES 119–120. Distribution maps.