Protoneura scintilla Gloyd, 1939

Ellenrieder, Natalia Von & Garrison, Rosser W., 2017, A synopsis of the Neotropical genus Protoneura (Odonata: Coenagrionidae), Zootaxa 4361 (1), pp. 1-76 : 36-38

Protoneura scintilla Gloyd, 1939

Figs. 18 (♂ habitus), 42 (♀ habitus), 64 (♀ mes. plate), 88 (gen. lig.), 114 (♂ app.), 125 (map)

Protoneura scintilla Gloyd, 1939: 1 –8, pl. 1, Figs. 1–6 ; pl. 2, figs 1–3 (description of ♂ and ♀, illustrations color pattern, ♂ S10, and genital ligula, diagnosis);— Cowley (1941: 157, 158, 162, 163, 165, 169, 170, 172; descriptive comments, key to species in tenuis -group, map); — Garrison et al. (2003: 23; type information);— Lencioni (2005: 223; Brazil);— Garrison et al. (2010: 379);— Pessacq et al. (2012: 70; Brazil).

Primary types. Holotype ♂. Brazil, Mato Grosso: Abuná , 19 iii 1922, J.H. Williamson & J.W. Strohm leg. [ UMMZ].

Specimens examined. 44 ♂ 16 ♀: ECUADOR, Sucumbios Prov. , 1 ♂, road, 3 km NW of Shushufindi (0°9'59'' S, 76°41'30'' W, 280 m), 13 v 2009, K.J. Tennessen leg. [ FSCA] ; Napo Prov.: 1 ♂, Airport pond, Jatun Sacha Road, road to airport at Zancudo , 3.8 km ENE of Jatun Sacha , shallow pond with water lilies formed by widening stream (waypoint 460) (1°2'54'' S, 77°35'10'' W, 382 m), 22 i 2011, W. Haber, F. Morrison & R. Vargas leg. [RWG] ; 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (in tandem), Chinchipino River, E of Jatun Sacha , 27.7 km E of Puerto Napo (1°4'24'' S, 77°35'12'' W, 400 m), 13 xi 1997, K.J. Tennessen leg. [ FSCA] . BRAZIL, Para State: 1 ♂, Anajas River, Villa Dies {0°31'S, 50°44' W}, 14 xi 1908 [ FSCA] ; Amazonas State: 5 ♂ 3 ♀, Purus River, Nova Olinda {3°30' S, 57°56' W, 37 m}, vi 1922, S.M. Klages leg. [ FSCA] ; 1 ♂, same data but [ UMMZ] ; 1 ♂ 1 ♀, same data but [ CSCA] ; Rondonia State: 21 ♂ 8 ♀ paratypes, Abuna (9°42' S, 65°23' W, 112 m), 19–23 iii 1922, J.H. Williamson & J.W. Strohm leg. [ UMMZ] ; 2 ♂ 1 ♀, same data but [ FSCA] . PERU, Loreto Dept.: 1 ♂, ExplorNapo Camp , forest stream {3°16' S, 72°56' W, 97 m}, 27 xii 1988, P.K. Donhaue leg. [ FSCA] ; 1 ♂, small stream near Napo Camp, 15 viii 1989, D.A. & J.T. Polhemus leg. [ USNM] ; 1 ♂, Explorama Inn, 25 mi NE Iquitos on Amazon River (3°27'9'' S, 72°52'31'' W, 83 m), 9 vii 1990, S.W. Dunkle leg. [RWG] ; 2 ♂ 1 ♀ (one pair in tandem), Explorama Lodge, 50 mi NE Iquitos on Amazon River at junction with Yanamono River (3°21'59'' S, 72°47'56'' W, 103 m), 28 viii 1989, S.W. Dunkle leg. [RWG] ; 3 ♂, same data but 14 viii 1989 [ FSCA] ; 1 ♂, same data but stream near Explorama Lodge, D.A. & J.T. Polhemus leg. [ USNM] ; 1 ♂, Tamshiyacu-Tahuayo Reserve (4°23'43'' S, 73°15'40'' W, 104 m), 3 viii 2009, T. Faasen leg. [TF] ; 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (in copula), same data but restinga, stream in forest (4°24'1'' S, 73°15'40'' W, 107 m), T. Faasen leg. [TF] ; 1 ♂, same data but Tangarana River, small river upstream CIA tributary of Tahuayo (4°25'0''S, 73°16'59''W), 22 ii 2010, T. Faasen leg. [TF].

Characterization. Male: Epicranium black with copper to greenish metallic reflections and a small triangular orange spot adjacent to compound eye behind antenna, dorsum of thorax black with orange stripes, dorsum black to brown with yellow basal spots on S3–7; pale colors orange and yellow ( Fig. 18 ). Pronotum black with orange anterolateral margins of anterior lobe and center of middle lobe. Mesepisternum black with broad orange stripe extending along basal 2/3 of humeral suture and occupying more than 1/2 of its width, and with an orange stripe over distal 4/5 of middorsal carina; mesepimeron black with small dorsal yellow spot; metepisternum black with yellow stripe along anterior portion and small yellow spot on posterodorsal corner; metepimeron black with yellow stripe along medial portion of posterior margin. Coxa, trochanter, basal portion of femur yellow, remainder of femur black or black with yellow ring, remainder of leg black; tibial spurs shorter than twice intervening spaces. Genital ligula with distal margin triangularly convex and with laterodistal corners not projected ventrally ( Fig. 88 ). Cercus shorter than S10 length, longer than paraproct, less than twice as long as wide, with a depression on external dorsolateral surface, dorsal margin convex and ventral margin slightly concave in lateral view ( Fig. 114a ), with a small ventrobasal tooth on outer surface; medial surface slightly concave, with a small blunt ventrobasal tooth, a partially membranous laminar medial lobe with tip located distal to midlength of cercus; tip of cercus curved medially forming a subapical oblique ridge, visible in dorsal and mediodorsal views ( Figs. 114b, c ). Paraproct longer than S10 length, at basal 1/3 narrowing to half its basal width and digitiform ( Fig. 114 ). TL 39– 42.5; Hw 17.5–19.

Female: As male but pale colors yellow; pronotum posterior lobe yellow with black central area narrower than yellow lateral areas; mesepisternal pale stripe narrow and extended along basal 1/2; pale area of S9 extended dorsally medially to about 1/2 of segment height ( Fig. 42 ). Middle lobe of pronotum lacking pronounced lateral depressions; posterior lobe entire, directed posterodorsally, with sides straight and tip smoothly convex. Mesostigmal plate approximately triangular with yellow posteroexternal corner tilted anterodorsally, forming a vertical surface perpendicular to mesepisternum ( Fig. 64 ), lacking a depression on mesepisternum behind mesostigmal plate. TL 35–37.5; Hw 19.5–20.5.

Diagnosis. Protoneura scintilla shares male cercus longer than wide and with a laminar lobe on medial surface with P. calverti , P. klugi , P. macintyrei , P. tenuis , and P. woytkowskii ( Figs. 101 ; 107–108b, c; 114b, c; 116b, c; 118b, c). Among them, it shares male cerci and paraprocts no longer than S10 length with P. klugi and P. macintyrei ( Figs. 107–108a ; 114a). Male P. scintilla differs from P. klugi by laminar lobe on medial surface of cercus about as wide as long ( Fig. 114b ; narrow, longer than wide in P. klugi , Fig. 107b ), and from P. macintyrei by its mostly dark tibiae (pale in P. macintyrei ) and posterior lobe of pronotum entirely black (with orange in P. macintyrei ). It further differs from them by genital ligula morphology, with distal end triangularly convex and laterodistal corners not projected into ventral processes ( Fig. 88 ); in P. klugi and P. macintyrei the distal end is straight and laterodistal corners are projected into ventral processes ( Figs. 81–82 ). Female of P. scintilla shares an approximately triangular mesostigmal plate with posteroexternal corner tilted anterodorsally, forming a vertical surface perpendicular to mesepisternum only with P. calverti ( Figs. 51 ; 64 ), and it can be distinguished from it by pronotum posterior lobe mostly yellow with only a narrow medial area black, narrower than each lateral yellow area (black with yellow lateral margins narrower than medial black in P. calverti ).

Habitat and biology. Adults found at the darkest places of shallow creeks about 30 cm deep and 1.2–1.8 m wide within thick woods, usually hovering and darting a few centimeters above the water ( Gloyd 1939). Distribution. Eastern Ecuador, Peru, and Brazil ( Fig. 125 ).

Figures

FIGURES17–20. Male body scan; head in dorsalview, thorax and abdomen in lateral view (not to scale). (17) P.sanguinipes; (18) P.scintilla; (19) P.sulfurata; (20) P. tenuis.

FIGURES 1–4. Male body scan; head in dorsal view, thorax and abdomen in lateral view (not to scale). (1) P. ailsa; (2) P. amatoria; (3) P.aurantiaca; (4) P.caligata.

FIGURES 5–8. Male body scan; head in dorsal view, thorax and abdomen in lateral view (not to scale). (5) P. calverti; (6) P. capillaris; (7) P.cara; (8) P.corculum.

FIGURES 85–91. Genital ligula in ectal (85–91a), lateral (85–91b), and entolateral (85c) views (to scale).(85) P. rojiza; (86) P. romanae; (87)P.sanguinipes; (88) P.scintilla; (89) P.sulfurata; (90–91) P.tenuis. All by RWG.

FIGURES 112–114. Male caudal appendages in lateral (112–114a), posterodorsal (112–114b), and dorsal (112–114b) views (not to scale). (112) P.romanae; (113) P.sanguinipes; (114) P. scintilla.

FIGURES 41–44. Female body scan; head in dorsal view, thorax and abdomen in lateral view (not to scale). (41) P. sanguinipes; (42) P. scintilla; (43) P. sulfurata; (44) P. tenuis. Insert in Fig. 42: posterior lobe of pronotum in dorsal view; in Fig.43: pterothorax in dorsal view.

FIGURES 64–70. Female pronotum (67a, c) and mesostigmal plates (64–66; 67b, d), in lateral (66a; 67a, b), dorsal (64; 65; 66b; 67c, d; 68–70) and dorsolateral (an) views (to scale). (64) P. scintilla; (65) P. sulfurata; (66) P. tenuis; (67) P. viridis; (68) P. woytkowskii form a; (69) P. woytkowskii form b; (70) P. woytkowskii form c.

FIGURES 100–102. Male caudal appendages in lateral (100–102a), posterodorsal (100–102b), and dorsal (100–102b) views (not to scale). (100) P.caligata; (101) P. calverti; (102) P.capillaris.

FIGURES 106–108. Male caudal appendages in lateral (106–108a), posterodorsal (106–108b), and dorsal (106–108b) views (not to scale). (106) P.dunklei; (107) P. klugi; (108) P. macintyrei.

FIGURES 79–84. Genitalligula in ectal (79–84a), lateral (79–84b), and entolateral (81c; 84c) views (to scale).(79) P.cupida; (80) P.dunklei; (81) P.klugi; (82) P.macintyrei; (83) P.paucinervis; (84) P. peramans. All by RWG.

FIGURES 51–54. Female pronotum (54c) and mesostigmal plates (51–53; 54a, b), in lateral (51a; 52a; 53a; 54a), dorsal (51b; 52b; 53b; 54b, c), and dorsolateral (51c) views (to scale). (51) P. calverti; (52) P. capillaris; (53) P. cara; (54) P. corculum.

FIGURES 125–126. Distribution maps.