Calvadosia Clark, 1863

Miranda, Lucília S., Branch, George M., Collins, Allen G., Hirano, Yayoi M., Marques, Antonio C. & Griffiths, Charles L., 2017, Stalked jellyfishes (Cnidaria: Staurozoa) of South Africa, with the description of Calvadosia lewisi sp. nov., Zootaxa 4227 (3), pp. 369-389 : 371-372

Genus Calvadosia Clark, 1863

Remarks. Calvadosia was originally proposed by Clark (1863) to accommodate a species described by Lamouroux (1815), “ Lucernaire campanulée ” (or Lucernaria campanulata ), from Calvados, France, therefore proposing the name Calvadosia campanulata ( Lamouroux, 1815) . Its main difference from other Lucernaria is the “four pilasters […] not muscular, as are the pilasters in the pedicel of Lucernaria quadricornis ” ( Clark 1863: 556), i.e., absence of interradial longitudinal muscles associated with the septa of the peduncle.

However, Clark’s (1863) proposal was overlooked for many years. Later, Uchida (1929) proposed a new genus, Lucernariopsis , for the same “ Lucernaria campanulata ”, including species with one-chambered peduncle without muscles, overlooking the availability of the older name Calvadosia Clark, 1863 . Apparently, Gwilliam (1956: 10) was the only author to notice this nomenclatural issue, concluding that according to the “law of priority, the proper generic name of Lucernariopsis Uchida, 1929 is Calvadosia Clark, 1863 ”, but he never published his PhD Dissertation on the taxonomy of the Stauromedusae .

More recently, Lucernariopsis Uchida, 1929 was officially recognized as a synonym of Calvadosia Clark, 1863 ( Miranda et al. 2016b) . In addition, based on molecular and morphological evidence, the former genera Kishinouyea Mayer, 1910 and Sasakiella Okubo, 1917 were also incorporated into Calvadosia ( Miranda et al. 2016b) . Therefore, Calvadosia is currently one of the most diverse genera in Staurozoa, with 11 species: Calvadosia campanulata ( Lamouroux, 1815) , Calvadosia nagatensis ( Oka, 1897) , Calvadosia vanhoeffeni ( Browne, 1910) , Calvadosia cruciformis ( Okubo, 1917) , Calvadosia hawaiiensis ( Edmondson, 1930) , Calvadosia tsingtaoensis ( Ling, 1937) , Calvadosia capensis ( Carlgren, 1938) , Calvadosia cruxmelitensis ( Corbin, 1978) , Calvadosia corbini ( Larson, 1980) , Calvadosia tasmaniensis ( Zagal, Hirano, Mills, Edgar & Barrett, 2011) , and Calvadosia lewisi sp. nov. described in this study.