Leucospis japonica Walker, 1871

Ye, Xin-hai, van Achterberg, Cornelis, Yue, Qi & Xu, Zai-fu, 2017, Review of the Chinese Leucospidae (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea), ZooKeys 651, pp. 107-157 : 113-117

Leucospis japonica Walker, 1871 Figs 5, 6-13, 14, 15-22, 23-27

Leucospis japonica Walker, 1871: 56; Strand 1911: 98; Weld 1922: 28; Habu 1962: 170; Bouček 1974a: 194; Bouček and Narendran 1981: 9; Narendran 1986: 44; He et al. 2004: 104; Shen 2014: 1009.

Leucospis exornata Walker, 1871: 57. Syn. by Bouček (1974a).

Leucospis japonica var. formosana Strand, 1911: 98. Syn. by Bouček (1974a).

Leucospis orientalis Weld, 1922: 28. Syn. by Bouček (1974a).

Type material.

Lectotype of Leucospis exornata , ♀ (BMNH), "[CHINA], Hong Kong", "B.M. Type Hym. 5.82", NHMUK010370219, designated by Bouček (1974a). Holotype of Leucospis orientalis , ♀ (USNM), "CHINA, [Jiangsu], Soochow", "Type No. 24388, U. S. N. M.", USNMENT01223650. Additional material. 1♀, CHINA, Henan, Baotianman National Nature Reserve, 19.VIII.2007, Zai-fu Xu, No. 2016003689 (SCAU); 1♀, CHINA, Shaanxi, Huoditang, 5.VIII.2015, Jun Feng (SCAU), No. 2016000033; 2♀, same locality and date, Yi-cheng Li, No. 2016000032, 2016000032 (SCAU); 3♀1♂, Shaanxi, Liuba, 7.VIII.2015, Zi Hou, No. 2016000013-2016000015, 201600049 (SCAU); 3♀, same locality and date, Yi-cheng Li, No. 2016000016-2016000018 (SCAU); 1♀, same locality and date, Jun Feng, No. 2016000021 (SCAU); 1♂, Shaanxi, Taibai, 10.VIII.2015, Jun Feng, No. 2016000029 (SCAU); 1♀1♂, same locality and date, Zi Hou, No. 2016000019, 2016000028 (SCAU); 2♀1♂, same locality and date, Yi-cheng Li, No. 2016000025, 2016000026, 2016000027 (SCAU); 2♀4♂, CHINA, Jiangxi, Nanchang, Xiangshan Forest Park, 11-16.VII.2016, Hu-ting Zhou, No. 2016000139-2016000144 (SCAU); 1♂, CHINA, Hubei, Huanggang, 8.VII.2009, Chun-hong Zheng, No. 2016002957 (SCAU); 14♀34♂, CHINA, Hubei, Jingshan, 15.VII.2009, Yuan Ye, No. 2016000001-2016000041, 2016000043-2016000049 (SCAU); 4♀1♂, CHINA, Hunan, Hupingshan National Nature Reserve, 10-13.VII.2009, Qing-hui Yi, No. 2016000069, 2016000071, 2016000073, 2016000076, 2016000077 (SCAU, RMNH); 2♀1♂, CHINA, Hunan, Hupingshan National Nature Reserve, 14.VII.2009, Qing-hui Yi, No. 2016003691-2016003693 (SCAU); 24♀2♂, same locality, 8-12.VII.2009, Shi-hong Wang, No. 2016000086, 2016000087, 2016000089, 2016000092-2016000096, 2016000099, 2016000105, 2016000111, 2016000114, 2016000115, 2016000119, 2016000145, 2016000147, 2016000152, 2016000154, 2016000167, 2016000186, 2016000187, 2016000189, 2016000191-2016000195 (SCAU, KYUN, USNM, ZISP, ZMUC); 1♀1♂, same locality, 9.VII.2009, Qi Yang, No. 2016003687, 2016003688 (SCAU); 11♀3♂, same locality, 11-13.VII.2009, Qi Yang, No. 2016000216-2016000229 (SCAU); 2♂, same locality, 11-13.VII.2009, Xin Yuan, No. 2016000083, 2016000084 (SCAU); 1♀, same locality, 9.VII.2009, Ya-li Tang, No. 2016000125 (SCAU); 4♀1♂, CHINA, Hunan, Hengnan, Shanxi, 20. VIII– 20.VII.2016, Yi-cheng Li, No. 2016002456-2016002458, 2016002473, 2016002474 (SCAU); 3♀1♂, CHINA, Hunan, Hengnan, Shanxi, 20. VIII– 20.VII.2016, Zhi-neng Huang, No. 2016002459-2016002462 (SCAU); 2♀3♂, CHINA, Hunan, Hengnan, Shanxi, 20. VIII– 20.VII.2016, Hu-ting Zhou, No. 2016002463-2016002466 (SCAU); 4♀2♂, CHINA, Hunan, Hengnan, Shanxi, 20. VIII– 20.VII.2016, Shuang-shuang Li, No. 2016002467-2016002472 (SCAU); 1♀, CHINA, Guangdong, Meizhou, Meixian, 14-29.VII.2006, Cui-hong Xie & Wei-xin Xie, No. 2016000042 (SCAU); 1♀1♂, CHINA, Guangdong, Fogang, Guangyinshan Provincial Nature Reserve, 15-16.IX.2007, Zai-fu Xu, No. 2016000034, 2016000035 (SCAU); 1♀, CHINA, Guangdong, Huizhou, Xiangtoushan National Nature Reserve, 4.VI.2016, Zai-fu Xu, No. 2016000133 (SCAU); 1♀1♂, same locality and date, Qi Yue, No. 2016000136, 2016000138 (SCAU); 2♂, same locality and date, Zhi-neng Huang, No. 2016000134, 2016000135 (SCAU); 2♀1♂, CHINA, Guangdong, Huaiji, 22-23.X.2007, Zai-fu Xu, No. 2016000038-2016000040 (SCAU); 1♀, CHINA, Guangdong, Conghua, Xitoucun, 15.V.2016, Xiao-ya Wu, No. 2016003690 (SCAU); 1♀, CHINA, Guangxi, Mulun National Nature Reserve, 20.VII.2015, Zi Hou, No. 2016000030 (SCAU); 12♀, CHINA, Guizhou, Mayanghe, 27. IX– 2.X.2007, Cui-hong Xie, No. 2016000001-2016000012 (SCAU); 6♀10♂, CHINA, Guizhou, Panxian, Machangxiang, 19. VII– 6.VIII.2006, Zai-fu Xu, No. 2016000050-2016000055, 2016000057-2016000066 (SCAU).

Diagnosis.

Body mainly black (Fig. 5), with exception of ventrally yellow antennal scape, pronotum with yellow transverse stripe anteriorly which sometimes is changed to three or six yellow spots, and yellow transverse stripe posteriorly which sometimes is triangular, mesoscutellum with pale yellow transverse band posteriorly, wings brownish, hind coxa pale yellow dorsally, hind femur with subbasal yellow lunate mark, from base crossing to dorsal border, T1 with a pair of large yellow spots laterad of ovipositorial furrow, T5 with broad yellow band near posterior margin, epipygium with a pair of yellow small spots postero-laterally (Figs 5, 9); propodeum raised medially and emarginated posteriorly, median carina weak or absent; hind femur with twelve teeth ventrally, basal one largest (Fig. 13); hind tibia produced into a spine ventro-apically (Fig. 5); T1 with ovipositorial furrow (Fig. 9); ovipositor sheath at least reaching posterior margin of dorsellum (Figs 5, 8, 9).

Redescription.

Female. Body length 8.0-14.0 mm. OOL = 2.1 POD; POL = 3.2 POD; MS = 1.9 POD.

Head. Coarsely and densely punctate, with dense short pubescence (Figs 10, 11). Occipital carina developed, sharp.

Mesosoma. Pronotum, mesoscutum, mesoscutellum, dorsellum, mesopleuron, metapleuron and propodeum coarsely and densely punctate with short pubescence (Figs 5, 7, 8). Pronotum with discal carina indistinct or weak, premarginal carina developed (Figs 5, 7). Dorsellum rounded and carinate posteriorly. Hind coxa with dense and moderate-sized punctures (but less densely antero-dorsally), and with short pubescence, postero-dorsally lamelliform (Fig. 12). Hind femur with twelve teeth ventrally, basal tooth largest (Fig. 13). Hind tibia produced into a spine ventro-apically (Fig. 5).

Metasoma. Metasoma with dense and medium-sized punctures, and with short pubescence. T1 narrower than T4 or T5 in dorsal view. T1 longest and T2 shortest. T1 with smooth double ovipositorial furrow, the latter subdivided by convex, broad and very shiny ridge. Ovipositor sheath long, at least reaching posterior margin of dorsellum (Figs 8, 9).

Colouration. Head black (Figs 10, 11). Antenna black, with scape yellow usually only ventrally (Figs 6, 10). Pronotum with yellow transverse stripe anteriorly, and yellow transverse stripe posteriorly (Fig. 7). Mesoscutum black, with obscure pale yellow stripe laterally (Fig. 8). Mesoscutellum black, with pale yellow transverse band posteriorly (Fig. 8). Wings brownish (Fig. 5). Hind coxa black, with indistinct yellow band dorsally (Figs 5, 12). Hind femur subbasally with yellow lunate mark from base crossing to dorsal border (Fig. 13). Metasoma black, T1 with a pair of big yellow spots laterad of ovipositorial furrow, T5 with broad yellow band near posterior margin (Fig. 9). Epipygium with a pair of small spots postero-laterally (Figs 5, 9).

Male. Body length 8.0-11.0 mm. OOL=1.5 POD; POL=2.3 POD; MS=1.7 POD. Body punctation very similar to female (Figs 14-22). Colouration similar to female (Figs 14-22), but hind femur with basal yellow mark usually separated from apical mark (Fig. 22); T4 with yellow transverse band posteriorly and broader than band on T5 (Fig. 18); epipygium black (Figs 14, 18).

Variation.

Colouration of female: anterior yellow transverse stripe of pronotum sometimes turns to two to six obscure yellow spots, posterior yellow transverse stripe sometimes triangular; pale yellow patch on mesoscutum sometimes absent; yellow lunate mark on hind femur varies in length; T4 sometimes with obscure yellow band (much narrower than that on T5) or a pair of obscure lateral patches. Colouration of male: anterior yellow transverse stripe of pronotum sometimes absent; hind femur sometimes subbasally with yellow lunate mark from base crossing to dorsal border; yellow spots on T1 sometimes minute or absent; T4 sometimes with obscure anterior transverse yellow stripe; metasomal sternite 4 rarely with a pair of quadrate yellow spots; epipygium sometimes with small yellow spot medio-posteriorly.

Biology.

Specimens are often collected around old adobe houses (Figs 23-27). Parasitoids of Megachilidae and Anthophoridae , but also Vespidae - Eumeninae and Sphecidae s. str. are reported ( Iwata 1933; Habu 1962; Bouček 1974a).

Distribution.

China (Beijing, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Hong Kong, Hubei, *Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shaanxi, Shanghai, Shanxi, Sichuan, Taiwan, Yunnan, Zhejiang), India, Japan, Korea, Nepal, Russia ( Nikols’kaya 1960; Habu 1962; Bouček 1974a; Bouček and Narendran 1981; Narendran 1986; He et al. 2004; Shen 2014).