Marphysa fijiensis, Molina-Acevedo & Idris, 2021
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publication ID |
https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zse.97.59559 |
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publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:94AF3450-CEAF-4F0C-8149-C3F9BA9E405A |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D4D842D0-F6E6-5F99-BBBE-65DD8E236CF1 |
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treatment provided by |
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scientific name |
Marphysa fijiensis |
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nom. nov. |
Marphysa fijiensis nom. nov. Figures 1 View Figure 1 , 2 View Figure 2 , 3 View Figure 3 , 4 View Figure 4 , Table 1
Marphysa simplex Treadwell, 1922: 151-152, pl. 5, figs 8-12, text-figs 39 (non Crossland, 1903); - Hartman 1956: 254, 262, 268, 286.
Material examined.
Holotype. Fiji · Suva Harbour; Apr-Jun, 1920; AMNH 1920-1530.
Comparative material examined.
Eunice mossambica Peters, 1854
Mozambique · one specimen and vial with six parapodia; lectotype ZMB 4005 · 3 adult specimens, same data as for the lectotype; paralectotypes ZMB 47 · one specimen; same data as for the lectotype; ZMB F2046 · seven adult specimens; same data as for the lectotype; ZMB 4005.
Marphysa moribidii Idris, Hutchings & Arshad, 2014
Malaysia · two adult specimens; Pantai Kelanang, Morib, Selangor; 2°45'39.85"N, 101°26'08"E; in mangrove vegetation; 19 Jul 2011; I. Idris leg.; paratype AM W.38690.
Nauphanta novaehollandiae Kinberg, 1865
Australia · one specimen divided into four vials, one of them with maxillary apparatus; Sydney Port Jackson; 33°54'S, 151°11'E; Eugenie Epx. 1851-53; holotype SMNH-type-432.
Etymology.
The new name denotes the geographic region where the specimen was collected.
Description.
Holotype complete (Fig. 1A-F View Figure 1 ), ventrally dissected (Fig. 1C View Figure 1 ), with 198 chaetigers, L10 = 8.2 mm, W10 = 2.5 mm, TL = 93 mm. Anterior region with dorsum convex, flat ventre, body depressed from chaetiger 6 (Fig. 1D View Figure 1 ), widest at chaetiger 17, tapering after chaetiger 41.
Prostomium bilobed, 1.3 mm long, 1.6 mm wide; lobes frontally rounded; median sulcus shallow and deep ventrally (Fig. 1A, B View Figure 1 ). Prostomial appendages in semicircle, median antenna isolated by a gap. Palps reaching second peristomial ring; lateral antennae reaching first chaetiger; median antenna reaching second chaetiger. Palpophores and ceratophores ring-shaped, short, slender; palpostyles and ceratostyles tapering, thick. Eyes absent.
Peristomium (1.7 mm long, 2.3 mm wide) larger than prostomium, first ring twice as long as second ring, separation between rings distinct on all sides (Fig. 1A-C View Figure 1 ). Ventral lip dissected, with several shallow wrinkles (Fig. 1C View Figure 1 ).
Maxillary apparatus lost, according to Treadwell with MF = 1+1, 5+5-6, 9+0 2+8, 1+1.
Branchiae pectinate with up to five long filaments, from chaetigers 22 to 184L-195R (Figs 1E View Figure 1 , 2D, E View Figure 2 ). Six first branchiae with one filament; reaching maximum five filaments in chaetigers 79L-178L; last 12 branchiae with one filament (Fig. 3A View Figure 3 ). Branchial filaments longer than dorsal cirri, except in first six and last 10 branchiae.
First two parapodia smaller; best developed in chaetigers 4-21, following parapodia gradually decreasing in size. Dorsal cirri conical in all chaetigers; longer than ventral cirri in anterior and posterior chaetigers, of similar size in median chaetigers; best developed in chaetigers 3-30, gradually decreasing posteriorly (Fig. 2A-E View Figure 2 ). Prechaetal lobes short, as transverse folds in first three chaetigers, following lobes with upper edge longer than lower; transverse folds in most posterior chaetigers (Fig. 2A-E View Figure 2 ). Chaetal lobes rounded in most chaetigers, shorter than postchaetal lobe, with aciculae emerging dorsal to mid-line; from chaetiger 33, longer than other lobes, aciculae emerging in mid-line (Fig. 2A-E View Figure 2 ). Postchaetal lobes slightly developed in first 55 chaetigers; ovoid in first two chaetigers, rounded in the following ones, progressively smaller from chaetiger 14; from chaetiger 56 inconspicuous (Fig. 2A-E View Figure 2 ). Ventral cirri digitiform in first 13 chaetigers; in chaetigers 14 to 126 with rounded, poorly developed swollen base and digitiform tip; conical from chaetiger 127, gradually decreasing in size posteriorly (Fig. 2A-E View Figure 2 ).
Aciculae blunt, basally reddish and translucent distally; colourless in posterior chaetigers (Fig. 2A-E View Figure 2 ). First two chaetigers with two aciculae; in chaetigers 3-10 with three or four aciculae; in chaetigers 11-24 with four aciculae; in chaetigers 25-43 with three aciculae; in chaetigers 44-85 with two aciculae; from 86 with only one acicula. In median-posterior region, aciculae twice as wide as subacicular hook (Fig. 4F, G View Figure 4 ).
Limbate chaetae in supra- and subacicular positions. Limbate supracicular chaetae reduced in number around chaetiger 16, chaetae of two lengths in same chaetiger, with longer blades in dorsal position and with short blades in ventral position. Limbate subacicular of two lengths, with short blades in dorsal position and with longer blades in ventral position (Fig. 4A, B View Figure 4 ). Two types of pectinate chaetae; in all chaetigers, 2-3 thick isodont narrow chaetae, with up to 16-18 teeth short and slender teeth (Fig. 4C View Figure 4 ); in median-posterior chaetigers, 4-5 thick isodont wide chaetae, with up to 38-42 teeth short and slender teeth (Fig. 4D, E View Figure 4 ); anodont pectinate chaetae not observed. Compound chaetae absent. Subacicular hooks starting from chaetigers 38R-39L, one per chaetiger, with discontinuous distribution, in last 25 chaetigers, the hooks are absent; unidentate in median region with one hood (possibly with second hood broken) (Fig. 4F View Figure 4 ); bidentate in median-posterior region, translucent, with blunt teeth, distal tooth directed upwards, proximal tooth larger, directed laterally (Fig. 4G View Figure 4 ).
Pygidium with two pairs of anal cirri broken (Fig. 1F View Figure 1 ).
Distribution.
Known only from the type locality.
Habitat.
Uncertain. Possibly coral reefs or mudflats ( Treadwell 1922).
Remarks.
The first comment on the synonymy of Marphysa fijiensis nom. nov. (as M. simplex Treadwell, 1922) and M. mossambica was made by Hartman (1956). Subsequently, Glasby and Hutchings (2010) supported this idea, stating that the morphology described by Treadwell was very similar to the smaller-sized specimens of M. mossambica . However, after a detailed morphological comparison of both species’ type material, we found marked differences. Marphysa fijiensis nom. nov. lacks eyes, whereas they are present in M. mossambica . Additionally, M. fijiensis nom. nov. (L10: 8.2 mm) has a maximum number of five branchial filaments in the median region (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 ), whereas M. mossambica (L10:8.5-11.5 mm), has a maximum number of eight branchial filaments in the mid-posterior region (Fig. 3 View Figure 3 ). In M. fijiensis nom. nov., the chaetal lobe is rounded in the anterior region and the postchaetal lobe is oval in the first three chaetigers. In contrast, in M. mossambica , the chaetal lobe is rectangular in the anterior region and the postchaetal lobe is digitiform in the first three chaetigers. Likewise, M. fijiensis nom. nov. has the subacicular hook present from chaetiger 25, contrasting to chaetigers 35-65 in M. mossambica .
Marphysa fijiensis nom. nov. resembles M. moribidii Idris, Hutchings & Arshad, 2014 and M. novaehollandiae (Kinberg, 1865) in lacking compound chaetae. However, M. fijiensis nom. nov. lacks the peduncle in prostomial appendages, with swollen base in ventral cirri starting from chaetiger 14 and the acicula is twice as wide as the subacicular hook in the median-posterior region. In contrast, M. moribidii (L10: 12.2-20 mm) has a peduncle at the base of the palpo- and ceratostyles, bears ventral cirri with a swollen base starting from chaetiger 6 and has a subacicular hook similar in width to the acicula throughout the body. Furthermore, M. fijiensis nom. nov. has the prechaetal lobe as a transverse fold throughout the body, the chaetal lobe rounded throughout the body, the ventral cirri with a swollen base starting from chaetiger 14 and the subacicular hook starting from chaetiger 25; while M. novaehollandiae (L10: 6.6-9.6 mm) has the prechaetal lobe with dorsal edge longer than the ventral side in the first chaetigers, the chaetal lobe rectangular in the anterior region, the ventral cirri with a swollen base starting from chaetiger 8 and the subacicular hook starting from chaetigers 39-42. The comparison of M. fijiensis nom. nov. with related species is provided in Table 1 View Table 1 .
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