Dajaca napolovi Brock, 2000

Xie, Chong-Xin & Qian 1, Jun WenYu-Han, 2022, Nanhuaphasma Chen, He & Li, 2002 is a junior synonym of Dajaca Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893 (Phasmatodea, Aschiphasmatidae, Dajacini), ZooKeys 1082, pp. 51-62 : 51

Dajaca napolovi Brock, 2000

纳氏达䗛 Figures 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5

Dajaca napolovi Brock, 2000: 2 (original description; type locality: Tam Dao, 55 km NNW Hanoi, Vietnam); Vallotto et al. 2016: 376; (described both male and female).

Nanhuaphasma hamicercum syn. nov. Chen & He, 2002: 100 (original description; type locality: Jianfengling National Forest Park in Hainan province, China; described male); Chen and He 2008: 365, 458 (redescription).

Material examined.

2♂, 2♀ and 3 eggs of D. napolovi , Jianfengling National Forest Park in Hainan Province, China, 18°44'35"N, 108°50'17"E, 1134 m alt., 6.VIII.2020, leg. Yun-Hu Mo; No. HN-25 .

Description.

Male. Wingless, the general coloration of the body is yellowish brown, with a few dark brown or black markings and pale yellow pilosity (Figs 1A , 2A ). Head. Smooth, approximately as long as pronotum; nearly square, length almost as long as broad, vertex humped. Antennae filiform, longer than forelegs, with yellow bands; scapus rectangular and flattened, longer than pedicellus, pedicellus cylindrical and slightly wider than the third segment. Eyes rounded, colored yellow with a black median line, occupying 1/2 of gena (Figs 1B, C , 2C ). Thorax. Smooth and unarmed. Pronotum rectangular, longer than wide, gradually narrowed posteriorly. Mesonotum slender and parallel-sided, ca 1.3 × as long as pronotum. Metanotum wider than long. Median segment as long as wide, 2 × length of metanotum (Figs 1A , 2A, C ). Abdomen. Cylindrical, smooth, lacking armature. Terga II-IX gradually narrowed. Anal segment with small notch in middle of posterior margin. Poculum flat and short, nearly reaching posterior margin of tergum IX, apex rounded. Cerci cylindrical, moderately long, and slightly incurving, apices with tiny spines (Figs 1A, D-F , 2A, D-F ). Legs. Brown with irregular black stripes; all femora laterally compressed, more or less triangular, lacking dorsal carinae, ventral carinae distinct. Ventroanterior carina of prefemur with some minute spines, remainder unarmed (Figs 1A , 2A ).

Female. Larger than male, general coloration of body dark to light brown, with a few dark brown or black markings and pale yellow pilosity (Figs 3A , 4A, C ). Head. Smooth, shorter than pronotum; rectangular, wider than long, vertex slightly humped. Antennae filiform, longer than forelegs, with yellow bands; scapus rectangular and flattened, longer than pedicellus, pedicellus cylindrical and slightly wider than third segment. Eyes rounded, colored yellow with a black median line, occupying 1/2 of gena (Figs 3B, C , 4A, C ). Thorax. Smooth and unarmed. Pronotum somewhat square, length almost as long as broad. Mesonotum anteriorly slightly narrowed and gradually broadening posteriorly, ca 1.5 × as long as pronotum. Metanotum wider than long. Median segment slightly wider than long, 2 × length of metanotum (Figs 3A , 4A, C ). Abdomen. Cylindrical, smooth, and lacking armature. Terga II-VII slightly broad, tergum VIII-IX distinctly narrowed. Anal segment as wide as tergum IX, posterior margin broadly rounded. Sternum VII lacking praeopercular organ. Lamina subgenitalis relatively long, without carinae, extending to posterior of tergum IX, anterior broad and posterior gradually narrowed, apex rounded and almost covering the ovipositor completely, paraprocts and epiproct not covered by lamina subgenitalis. Cerci cylindrical, moderately long, and slightly incurved, apices without tiny spines (Fig. 3A, D-F , 4A, C, D-F ). Legs. Brown with irregular black stripes, all femora laterally compressed, more or less triangular, lacking dorsal carinae, ventral carinae distinct (Figs 3A , 4A, C ).

Eggs. Capsule a laterally flattened disk and slightly swollen in center; capsule longer than high, uniformly mid-brown, densely setose; rim of operculum and micropylar plate dark brown. Operculum elongate-oval, lacking capitulum. Micropylar plate a narrow band which extends around rim of egg, starting and ending at operculum. Micropyle situated at end of polar; micropylar plate slightly wider at this point (Fig. 3G-J ).

Measurements (mm).

Male. Body length 41-47; head length 5.0-5.5; pronotum length 3.5-4.0; mesonotum 5.3-5.5; metanotum 1.5-2.0; median segment 3.5-4.0; profemora 7.0-8.0; mesofemora 6.0-7.0; metafemora 9.0-10.0; protibiae 5.5-6.0; mesotibiae 5.0-5.5; metatibiae 8.5-9.0. Female. Body length 58-61; head length 5.7-6.0; pronotum length 7.5-8.0; mesonotum 8.0-9.0; metanotum 2.6-3.0; median segment 4.5-5.0; profemora 7.5-9.0; mesofemora 7.0-8.0; metafemora 11.0-12.0; protibiae 6.5-7.0; mesotibiae 6.0-6.5; metatibiae 9.5-10.0. Egg. Width 1.2-1.3; height 2.4-2.6; length 3.0-3.3.

Remarks.

Comparing the descriptions and illustrations in the original texts, the holotypes and the new specimens collected from the type locality, we find that Nanhuaphasma hamicercum shows similar characters to Dajaca napolovi , such as being wingless and having the body smooth and unarmed. Male anal segment with a small notch in the middle of the posterior margin; poculum flat and short, nearly reaching to the posterior margin of tergum 9, apex rounded; cerci slightly incurving, apices with tiny spines. Female anal segment posterior margin broadly rounded; sternum 7 lacking preopercular organ; lamina subgenitalis relatively long, without carinae; anterior broadly and posterior gradually narrowed, apex rounded; almost covering the ovipositor completely, paraprocts and epiproct not covered by lamina subgenitalis. After the above comparison, we could not find significant differences between the two species and therefore consider N. hamicercum as a junior synonym of D. napolovi . Considering the geographical and intraspecific variability of D. napolovi , the colors of body are slightly different; due to contraction of the abdomen segments, the lamina subgenitalis sometimes extends slightly to the posterior of tergum IX, sometimes distinctly surpassing it to reach the posterior of tergum IX.

List of the species and distributions of Dajaca

D. alata (Redtenbacher, 1906) [Malaysia]

D. chani Seow-Choen, 1998 [Malaysia]

D. filiformis Bragg, 1992 [Malaysia]

D. monilicornis Redtenbacher, 1906 [Malaysia]

D. napolovi Brock, 2000 [China: Hainan, Hong Kong, Guangxi; Vietnam] = Nanhuaphasma hamicercum Chen & He, 2002, syn. nov.

D. nigrolineata Hennemann, Conle & Bruckner, 1996 [Myanmar]

D. swiae Seow-Choen, 2020 [Indonesia: Sumatra]

D. viridipennis Bragg, 2001 [Indonesia: Sarawak]

Figures

Figure 1. Dajaca napolovi, male, non-type (collected from Jianfengling National Forest Park in Hainan Province, China). A habitus, dorsal view B head, dorsal view C head, lateral view D terminalia, dorsal view E terminalia, lateral view F terminalia, ventral view.

Figure 2. Dajaca napolovi, male, holotype (from Phasmida Species File 2021, photos by Paul Brock; published under CC BC - ShareAlike 4.0 International License). A habitus, dorsal view B data labels C head, lateral view D terminalia, dorsal view E terminalia, lateral view F terminalia, ventral view.

Figure 3. Dajaca napolovi, female & egg, non-type (collected from Jianfengling National Forest Park in Hainan Province, China). A female habitus, dorsal view B female head, dorsal view C female head, lateral view D female terminalia, dorsal view E female terminalia, lateral view F female terminalia, ventral view G egg, dorsal view H egg, lateral view I egg, opercular view J egg, polar view.

Figure 4. Dajaca napolovi, female, paratype (from Phasmida Species File 2021, photos by Paul Brock, published under CC BC - ShareAlike 4.0 International License). A habitus, dorsal view B data labels C habitus, lateral view D terminalia, dorsal view E terminalia, lateral view F terminalia, ventral view.

Figure 5. Dajaca napolovi, female and male mating in the wild (from Jianfengling National Forest Park in Hainan Province, China, photograph by Mr Yun-Hu Mo)