Alburnoides freyhofi, Turan, Davut, Kaya, Cüneyt, Bayçelebi, Esra, Bektaş, Yusuf & Ekmekçi, F. Güler, 2017

Turan, Davut, Kaya, Cüneyt, Bayçelebi, Esra, Bektaş, Yusuf & Ekmekçi, F. Güler, 2017, Three new species of Alburnoides from the southern Black Sea basin (Teleostei: Cyprinidae), Zootaxa 4242 (3), pp. 565-577 : 569-573

Alburnoides freyhofi , new species

( Fig. 4 )

Holotype. FFR 0 1065, 85 mm SL; Turkey: Yozgat prov.: stream Delice southeast of Yerköy , 39°37'19"N, 34°29'23"E; C. Kaya and E. Bayçelebi, 0 2 Oct. 2015.

Paratypes. FFR 0 1149, 56, 53–93 mm SL; same data as holotype. — FFR 0 7000, 25, 37–69 mm SL; Turkey: Kastamonu prov.: stream Devrez about 2 km south of Tosya , 40°59'02"N, 34°05'57"E; C. Kaya and E. Bayçelebi, 30 Sep. 2015. — FFR 0 7001, 22, 57–89 mm SL; Turkey: Sinop prov.: stream Delice at 1 km south of Çarşak , 41°27'11"N, 34°53'19"E; C. Kaya and E. Bayçelebi, 30 Sep. 2015. — FFR 0 7004, 17, 66–85 mm SL; Turkey: Çankırı prov.: stream Devrez at 1 km west of İnköyü , 40°54'16"N, 33°38'15"E; C. Kaya and E. Bayçelebi, 30 Sep. 2015.

Diagnosis. Alburnoides freyhofi is distinguished from A. fasciatus by having a scaleless keel between the posterior pelvic base and the anus ([ Fig. 2 e] vs. covered by (2) 3–5 scales [ Fig. 2 b]); more gill rakers (5–7 vs. vs. 7–9) and less abdominal vertebrae (20–21 vs. 21–22). Alburnoides freyhofi is also distinguished from A. fasciatus by having a rounded snout tip (vs. slightly pointed).

Alburnoides freyhofi is distinguished from A. tzanevi by having a scaleless keel between the posterior pelvic base and the anus, rarely with 1-3 scale covering the anterior part of the keel ([ Fig. 2 e] vs. covered by 5–7 scales [ Fig. 2 c]). In addition, A. freyhofi is distinguished from A. tzanevi by having more branched anal-fin rays (14½– 16½ vs. 11½–12½). Alburnoides freyhofi is also distinguished from A. tzanevi by having a deeper body (28–34% SL vs. 24–27), a shorter caudal peduncle (15–17% SL vs. 18–23), and a deeper dorsal-fin (25–30% SL vs. 21–26).

Alburnoides freyhofi is distingushed from A. manyasensis by having a scaleless keel between the posterior pelvic base and the anus ([ Fig. 2 e] vs. covered by (2) 3–5 scales [ Fig. 2 d]). It is also distinguished from A. manyasensis by having more branched anal-fin rays (14½–16½ vs. 10½–12½) and a shorter caudal peduncle (15– 17% SL vs. 20–25). In A. freyhofi , the interorbital distance is greater than the eye diameter (vs. smaller).

A. kurui A. freyhofi A. kosswigi

TABLE ³.. Frequency đistribution of meristic characters of T species of Alburnoides .

Lateral-line scales

N 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 Mean kurui 37 5 3 11 8 2 1 3 3 1 53.1 freyhofi 30 2 2 2 6 8 5 2 1 2 47.9 kosswigi 65 4 6 7 9 5 3 3 8 3 3 4 5 2 2 1 48.6 fasciatus 30 1 4 8 7 3 6 1 50 tzanevi 17 1 1 3 4 1 4 1 2 48 manyasensis 25 2 3 1 3 5 5 4 2 50.9 cf. smyrnae 8 1 3 1 1 1 1 44.3 eichwaldii 38 5 3 2 5 9 8 2 3 1 51.7 velioglui 25 1 3 5 6 5 1 1 2 1 49.6 emineae 20 1 1 1 2 4 4 7 43.4

Transverse scales

Above lateral-line Below lateral-line Brancheđ anal-fin rays

N 8 9 10 11 12 13 Mean 3 4 5 6 7 Mean 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Mean kurui 37 10 19 8 10.9 13 22 2 5.7 7 25 5 13.9 freyhofi 30 5 22 3 9.9 8 20 2 4.8 12 17 1 14.6 kosswigi 65 4 32 15 7 7 9.7 4 36 25 4.3 8 30 25 2 12.3 fasciatus 30 1 24 5 10.1 3 27 4.9 16 12 2 13.5 tzanevi 17 16 1 9.1 17 4 6 11 11.6 manyasensis 25 1 8 14 2 10.7 5 20 4.2 2 9 14 11.5 cf. smyrnae 8 3 5 9.6 8 4 1 4 2 13 eichwaldii 38 11 23 4 9.8 4 32 2 4.9 3 20 13 2 12.4 velioglui 25 4 15 6 10.1 10 15 4.6 7 16 2 11.8 emineae 20 9 11 9.6 3 17 4.9 10 9 1 13.5

Vertabrae counts

Total Abđominal Cauđal

Alburnoides freyhofi is distinguished from A. kurui by having a terminal mouth (vs. slightly subterminal in most individuals), the tip of mouth cleft usually being at a horizontal of the middle of the pupil (vs. tip of the mouth cleft usually at a horizontal of the lower margin of the pupil). Alburnoides freyhofi has fewer gill rakers than A. kurui (5–7 vs. 7–8), fewer lateral-line scales (44–53 vs. 50–59) and fewer total vertebrae (40–42 vs. 42–43). In A. freyhofi , the snout is shorter than the horizontal eye diameter (vs. snout length approximately equal to the horizontal eye diameter), the interspace between the eyes is straight or slightly concave (vs. slightly convex). Most individuals of A. freyhofi have few black pigment cells above the lateral line and usually none below lateral line in most individuals (vs. numerous on the pockets of flank scales) and a shorter caudal peduncle (length 15–17% SL vs. 17–23).

Description. For general appearances see Fig. 4 . Morphometric and meristic data are provided in Table 2 –3. Body deep, slightly compressed laterally. Dorsal profile convex, ventral profile approximately equal to dorsal profile. Distance between pelvic-fin origin and anal-fin origin 1.0–1.3 times in distance between pectoral-fin origin and pelvic-fin origin. Head short, approximately 0.8–0.9 times in body depth at dorsal-fin origin. Dorsal snout profile straight or slightly convex, interorbital area flat or slightly concave. Caudal-peduncle depth 1.4–1.6 times in its length. Snout tip rounded, snout shorter than eye diameter and interorbital distance. Mouth terminal, with a small chin in most individuals. Tip of both lips equally projecting or upper lip slightly longer than lower lip. Tip of mouth cleft approximately on level of mid-point of pupil. Ventral keel well developed, completely scaleless ( Fig. 2 e). Largest known specimen 93 mm SL.

Lateral-line with 44–53 scales, 9–11 scale rows between lateral-line and dorsal-fin origin and 4–6 scale rows between lateral-line and anal-fin origin. Gill rakers 1–2 + 4–5 = 5–7. Dorsal fin with 3 simple and 8½–9½ branched rays, outer margin straight. Pectoral fin with 1 simple and 14–16 branched rays, outer margin slightly convex. Pelvic fin with 1 simple and 7 branched rays, outer margin convex. Anal fin with 3 simple and 14½–16½ branched rays, outer margin concave. Caudal-fin deeply forked, lobes pointed.

Pharyngeal teeth 2.4–5.2, markedly hooked at tip and not serrated below. Total vertebrae 40 (5), 41 (10) and 42 (5), predorsal vertebrae 13 (12) and 14 (8), abdominal vertebrae 20 (17) and 21 (3) and caudal vertebrae 20 (6), 21 (11) and 22 (3). Abdominal region equal or shorter than caudal region, and difference between abdominal and caudal numbers varies from +1 to -2. Vertebral formulae 20+20 (5), 20+21 (9), 20+22 (3), 21+20 (1) and 21+21 (2).

Sexual dimorphism. There are small tubercles on the head and anal-fin rays in males.

Coloration. Formalin-preserved adults and juveniles greyish to yellowish on back and upper part of flank, whitish or yellowish on lower part of flank and belly. Spots along lateral-line above and below pores distinct along complete flank in most individuals. A dark-grey stripe present on upper part of flank from posterior margin of operculum to hypural complex, its width equal or greater than eye diameter, indistinct in anterior part of body and distinct in posterior part of body. There are no or very few black pigment cells on pockets of flank scale in most individuals. Caudal and dorsal fins dark-grey; pectoral, pelvic and anal fins yellowish. Few black pigment cells on all fin rays.

Distribution and notes on biology. Alburnoides freyhofi is known from the Kızılırmak River drainages. See Fig. 1 for a map of the findings of this species. It inhabits swift and clear flowing water with cobble and pebbles.

Etymology. The species is named for Jörg Freyhof (Berlin) for his contribution to the knowledge of the ichthyofaunal of the Middle East. A noun in genitive, indeclinable.

Figures

FIGURE 2. Ventral keel: a, Alburnoides kurui, FFR 0 1032, 83 mm SL; b, A. fasciatus, FFR 0 1012, 88 mm SL; c, A. tzanevi, FFR 0 1146, 81 mm SL; d, A. manyasensis, FFR 0 1144, 77 mm; e, A. freyhofi, FFR 01149, 87 mm SL; f, A. kosswigi, FFR 0 1133, 87 mm.

FIGURE 4. Alburnoides freyhofi; a, FFR 0 1065, holotype, female, 85 mm SL; b, FFR 1149, paratype, 93 mm SL; c, FFR 1149, paratype, 79 mm SL; Turkey: stream Delice at southeast of Yerköy.

Tables

TABLE 2. Morphometric đata of A. kurui (holotype, FFR 0 1041, 90 mm SL anđ paratypes, FFR 0 1104, FFR 0 1126, 60 90 mm SL; n = 30), A. freyhofi (holotype, FFR 0 1065, 85 mm SL anđ paratypes, FFR 0 1149, FFR 0 7001, 57 89 mm SL; n = 28), A. kosswigi (holotype, FFR 0 1064, 80 mm SL anđ paratypes, FFR 0 1135, FFR 0 1060, 49 82 mm SL; n = 28). Mean values are given the parentheses anđ the calculations incluđe the holotype.

	Range	SD	Holotype	Range	SD	Holotype	Range	SD	Holotype
In percent of standard length Heađ length Bođy đepth at đorsal-fin origin Bođy đepth at anal-fin origin	24.4 27.0 (25.8) 27.4 31.8 (29.1) 22.6 28.4 (24.8)	0.7 1.1 1.3	26.4 29.8 24.6	24.0 27.1 (25.5) 28.1 34.4 (31.0) 24.1 29.7 (26.8)	0.8 1.5 1.4	25.6 30.7 26.5	25.3 28.1 (26.6) 26.4 31.3 (28.9) 21.6 26.1 (23.6)	0.8 1.2 1.2	26.4 29.7 24.6
Cauđal peđuncle đepth Pređorsal length Prepelvic length	9.4 11.9 (10.5) 53.8 58.0 (55.7) 46.3 51.3 (48.5)	0.6 1.2 1.1	10.2 55.9 49.1	9.4 11.5 (10.5) 53.0 58.2 (55.4) 46.3 49.3 (47.9)	0.5 1.3 0.7	9.8 58.2 48.2	9.3 11.3 (10.4) 52.3 56.4 (54.6) 46.0 51.3 (49.0)	0.5 1.1 1.3	10.7 55.2 48.2
Preanal length Pectoral-fin origin to anal-fin origin Pectoral-fin origin to pelvic-fin origin	63.5 67.8 (65.7) 39.5 45.3 (42.6) 22.0 26.9 (24.2)	1.1 1.4 1.3	66.4 43.6 25.9	63.5 69.5 (66.4) 39.1 45.3 (42.7) 20.8 25.2 (22.9)	1.6 1.6 1.0	69.3 45.0 23.9	62.4 70.6 (66.3) 39.6 44.9 (42.3) 21.3 25.6 (23.9)	1.7 1.4 1.1	65.8 42.1 23.3
Pelvic-fin origin to anal-fin origin Cauđal-peđuncle length Dorsal-fin đepth Pectoral-fin length	16.0 21.4 (18.3) 16.5 22.8 (19.0) 24.6 29.6 (26.6) 20.0 24.3 (22.4)	1.3 1.6 1.2 1.0	18.7 18.7 27.6 22.9	17.1 21.5 (19.3) 15.2 17.3 (15.9) 24.7 30.1 (26.8) 20.0 25.6 (22.8)	1.2 0.9 1.3 1.2	19.8 15.6 25.7 21.8	17.1 20.9 (18.9) 16.7 22.0 (19.4) 23.4 29.6 (25.9) 20.6 25.5 (22.7)	1.2 1.4 1.6 1.4	18.9 19.0 26.9 22.9
Pelvic-fin length Anal-fin đepth Anal-fin length	16.2 20.1 (18.0) 19.1 22.5 (20.7) 17.8 22.1 (20.2)	1.0 0.7 1.1	18.1 21.6 20.0	15.8 20.5 (18.5) 17.5 23.5 (20.8) 19.9 24.9 (22.9)	1.2 1.3 1.3	17.2 21.8 20.4	16.1 19.9 (18.1) 17.6 21.3 (20.1) 15.9 20.2 (18.3)	1.2 0.9 1.3	17.3 20.3 18.3
Lower cauđal-fin lobe Upper cauđal-fin lobe Heađ wiđth at anterior eye margin) Heađ wiđth at posterior eye margin)	24.5 29.8 (27.0) 23.3 29.1 (26.0) 8.7 12.6 (9.7) 12.1 13.9 (13.2)	1.4 1.6 0.8 0.5	24.7 24.7 9.0 13.5	25.7 32.3 (28.2) 24.2 31.3 (26.7) 8.5 13.6 (10.0) 12.3 15.2 (13.6)	1.5 1.6 1.1 0.7	28.1 24.5 9.0 13.5	21.6 28.7 (25.3) 21.1 29.3 (24.3) 8.1 11.1 (9.7) 11.8 14.8 (13.1)	1.7 1.8 0.8 0.8	25.2 22.6 9.9 13.8
Heađ wiđth atat opercle Heađ đepth at interorbital region Heađ đepth at nape	12.3 15.3 (13.8) 13.3 15.7 (14.3) 18.2 20.0 (19.1)	0.6 0.6 0.6	13.9 14.5 19.9	13.2 15.8 (14.5) 13.4 16.6 (14.7) 18.6 21.3 (20.0)	0.8 0.8 0.6	14.7 15.3 20.6	12.7 15.7 (13.9) 13.9 16.9 (15.3) 18.2 22.5 (20.0)	0.7 0.9 1.1	14.6 15.8 20.9
Eye điameter Snout length Interorbital wiđth	6.8 8.7 (7.8) 6.5 9.8 (7.8) 7.5 9.9 (8.5)	0.4 0.4 0.5	7.4 8.1 8.9	6.8 9.4 (7.9) 5.9 8.7 (7.0) 7.3 10.5 (8.7)	0.7 0.7 0.8	6.8 6.4 7.7	6.9 8.9 (7.8) 6.4 8.3 (7.5) 7.1 10.1 (8.7)	0.5 0.5 0.8	7.8 7.7 9.3
Snout wiđth at nostrils Snout đepth at nostrils Wiđth of mouth gape	7.7 9.6 (8.5) 6.9 9.9 (8.7) 6.6 9.7 (7.5)	0.4 0.7 0.6	8.5 8.9 7.8	7.5 10.7 (9.0) 7.2 9.8 (8.2) 6.2 10.2 (7.7)	0.8 0.7 1.1	7.5 7.2 6.2	6.8 10.5 (8.6) 7.6 10.6 (9.1) 5.9 8.9 (7.1)	0.9 0.7 0.8	9.0 9.6 7.0
Length of mouth gape	7.8 10.7 (9.1)	0.6	7.8	7.1 12.0 (9.2)	1.0	8.4	7.4 10.3 (8.8)	0.7	8.6