Eupholidoptera annamariae Nadig, 1985

Willemse, Luc, Tilmans, Jos, Kotitsa, Nefeli, Trichas, Apostolos, Heller, Klaus-Gerhard, Chobanov, Dragan & Ode, Baudewijn, 2023, A review of Eupholidoptera (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae) from Crete, Gavdos, Gavdopoula, and Andikithira, ZooKeys 1151, pp. 67-158 : 67

publication ID	https://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1151.97514
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:5FEDE55D-C9AF-47D5-9125-9F1758AE2A18
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D77A6979-92F4-5A58-A9CD-BC4EE3A1313A
treatment provided by	ZooKeys by Pensoft
scientific name	Eupholidoptera annamariae Nadig, 1985
status

Treatment

Eupholidoptera annamariae Nadig, 1985 View in CoL

Figs 18 View Figures 11–24 , 32 View Figures 25–38 , 46 View Figures 39–52 , 60 View Figures 53–66 , 76 View Figures 69–82 , 90 View Figures 83–96 , 104 View Figures 97–110 , 118 View Figures 111–125 , 119 View Figures 111–125 , 133 View Figures 126–139 , 147 View Figures 140–153 , 161 View Figures 154–167 , 175 View Figures 168–181 , 190 View Figures 182–197 , 206 View Figures 198–212 , 240 View Figures 240–246 , 254 View Figures 254, 255 , 256 View Figure 256 , 259 View Figure 259

Eupholidoptera annamariae Nadig 1985: 329.

Eupholidoptera annamariae Morphological description. Nadig 1985: 329.

Eupholidoptera annamariae Bioacoustics. Çiplak et al. 2009: 27, 54.

Examined specimens.

1 ♂, 1 ♀ (paratypes); 23 ♂, 24 ♀ (for details see Suppl. material 2).

Diagnostic features.

Frontal part of head (Fig. 18 View Figures 11–24 ) pale with black dots; frontal half of pronotal disc (Fig. 32 View Figures 25–38 ) predominantly black sharply transversely delineated from pale rear half. Male (Fig. 240 View Figures 240–246 ) - stridulatory file with 109 teeth (89 in Nadig 1985) (including proximal and distal ones), density of teeth in middle two thirds of the file 19 teeth per mm; anal tergite (Figs 76 View Figures 69–82 , 90 View Figures 83–96 , 104 View Figures 97–110 ) with hind margin medially strongly bent downward forming two very long, curved teeth covered with small denticles pointing downward and slightly outward; cerci (Figs 118 View Figures 111–125 , 133 View Figures 126–139 ) unarmed, 5 × longer than wide, basal half cylindrical, apical half conical, slightly curved inward halfway subtly widened, in profile straight; subgenital plate (Figs 147 View Figures 140–153 , 161 View Figures 154–167 ) wider than long, widest halfway, sides widely rimmed, in profile strongly upturned, pointing upward, tip apical lobes rounded, spineless, excised along one third of length; styli (Fig. 175 View Figures 168–181 ) short, ca. one third as long as cerci, 1.5-2.0 × longer than wide, inserted ventrally just proximal of tip of apical lobe, pointing downward; titillator (Figs 190 View Figures 182–197 , 206 View Figures 198–212 ) slightly asymmetrical, apical arms strong, narrow, fused along entire length, smooth, evenly curved, apically narrowed toward needle shaped tip, pointing somewhat left or right. Female - subgenital plate (Figs 46 View Figures 39–52 , 60 View Figures 53–66 ) circular to transverse oval with central longitudinal hump, adjoined by deep grooves, apical lobes touching, hind margin medially excised along one quarter to one third of length, in profile deltoid, with deep ventral groove, tip obtuse angular.

Measurements.

See Tables 6 View Table 6 , 7 View Table 7 .

Bioacoustics.

Based upon the sound recordings of 6 specimens (53 syllables measured), the song of E. annamariae , as in all species of Eupholidoptera , consists of isolated syllables produced in long series with the opening hemisyllable much shorter and weaker than the closing hemisyllable. In E. annamariae , the syllable duration is ~ 160 ms. In the present recordings, the syllable repetition rate is very low. Published records ( Çiplak et al. 2009) show a syllable duration of ~ 128 ms at 25 °C and a syllable repetition rate of 1/s at maximum. The song may most likely be confused with the other species of Eupholidoptera in Crete, except E. smyrnensis and E. forcipata . For details of sound recordings of Eupholidoptera annamariae see Suppl. material 3.

Variation.

The colour pattern and genitalia in E. annamariae in the specimens studied show little variation with one exception. In one of four males collected along the northern coast of Lasithi, west of Sitia, near Xerokampos the cerci showed a clearly developed inner tooth, halfway the cercus (Fig. 119 View Figures 111–125 ). Other morphological traits in this aberrant male as well as in the other three males from Xerokampos fitted E. annamariae . The cercus with a side tooth is considered an anomaly. It is noteworthy that the location where the aberrant male of E. annamariae was found is the northwestern most location of E. annamariae only some 5 km away from Kalavros where E. mariannae was found.

Differential diagnosis.

Males differ from congenerics in the anal tergite (Figs 76 View Figures 69–82 , 90 View Figures 83–96 , 104 View Figures 97–110 ) with the uniquely shaped long, curved spined teeth pointing downward and inward, in the stout, unarmed almost straight cercus (Figs 118 View Figures 111–125 , 133 View Figures 126–139 ), in the wide, upturned subgenital plate (Figs 147 View Figures 140–153 , 161 View Figures 154–167 ) lacking spines, pre-apically inserted with short, downward pointing styli (Fig. 175 View Figures 168–181 ) and in the narrow, completely fused slightly asymmetrical apical arms of the titillator (Figs 190 View Figures 182–197 , 206 View Figures 198–212 ). Females distinctly differ in the subgenital plate (Figs 46 View Figures 39–52 , 60 View Figures 53–66 ) with a central hump bordered by deep and wide semi-circular grooves. From all Cretan Eupholidoptera species, the black part in the anterior half of the pronotum is most pronounced in E. annamariae . For more details differentiating E. annamariae from other Cretan Eupholidoptera see Table 5 View Table 5 .

Distribution.

The species was described from Kato Zakros along the eastern coast of Crete. After its original finding it was collected again in the same area between Kato Zakros and Zakros ( Çiplak et al. 2009). New data presented here show that the range extends from the southeastern coast east of Kalo Nero Bay along the entire east coast up into the northernmost peninsular and along the northern coast westward up to and beyond Sitia (Fig. 254 View Figures 254, 255 ). It is still unclear if the species also occurs more inland east of the Koutsouras-Sitia road. For a complete list of localities, specimens and repositories see Suppl. material 1.

Habitat.

The species has been found in sparse phrygana between sea level and 550 m in dry open terrains with bare ground, covered with small spiny or thorny shrublets in which it hides during the day. The species was also found in a pitfall trap in sand dunes near Xerokampos along the southeastern coast.

Phenology.

Hand catches of this species were made between end of May and mid-August (25/05-15/08). This roughly coincides with the period during which the species was caught in pitfall traps. Still their presence may be more prolonged into August or up to October as a trap sampled 12 October 2000 and set 6 August still contained nine adults.