Torenia travancorica Gamble (1923: 957)

Prasad, Mangavayal Govindan & Sunojkumar, Purayidathkandy, 2015, Taxonomic identity of Torenia leucosiphon (Linderniaceae) and its resurrection from the synonymy of Torenia travancorica, Phytotaxa 219 (2), pp. 144-154 : 148-151

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.11646/phytotaxa.219.2.4

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/D83A87D8-FFD6-FFDA-34A5-E737A6F8483A

treatment provided by

Felipe

scientific name

Torenia travancorica Gamble (1923: 957)
status

 

Torenia travancorica Gamble (1923: 957) View in CoL ( Figs. 3 View FIGURE 3 & 4 View FIGURE 4 )

Lectotype (designated here):— INDIA: Courtallum , August 1835, Robert Wight 598 (E!)

[ Torenia asiatica sensu Hooker (1884: 277) View in CoL non Linnaeus (1753: 619) pro parte.]

Annual, profusely branched, slender, procumbent herb, erect when young, spreads up to 30 cm, rooting at the lower nodes, sometimes young branches having purplish tinge when in open areas. Stem distinctly 4-angled, angles ribbed, internodes 5–10 cm long. Leaves opposite, decussate, shortly petiolate; petiole 5–7 mm long, glabrous or sparsely minute hairy, having a purplish tinge when young; lamina 4–5 × 2–2.5 cm, pinnately veined, glabrous or sparsely minute hairy on veins beneath, lanceolate-narrowly lanceolate, base attenuate, sometimes sub-cordate when young, apex acuminate, acumens slightly bend; margins serrate. Flowers solitary or in clusters of 3–4 on leaf axils towards apex; pedicel 1–5 cm long, quadrangular, minutely hairy on angles, deflexed in fruit. Calyx 15–17 × 5–6 mm, oblong, bilipped, slightly curved, glabrous or sparsely hairy, pale green, sometimes with a purplish tinge, distinctly winged; wings up to 1.3 mm width, sometimes wavy; upper lip 6 mm long, 3-lobed at apex, lobes 2 mm long, linear, curled at apex; lower lip 6 mm long, 2-lobed at apex, lobes 1–2 mm long, curled. Corolla biliped; tube companulate, 23–25 × 8.0– 10 mm, deep purple, glabrous; upper lip 6–8 × 12–14 mm, pale blue, orbicular, rounded; lower lip distinctly 3-lobed, lobes 4–5 × 10–12 mm, pale blue with deep purple patch towards margins. Stamens 4, didynamous; posterior filaments shorter, 3 mm long, cylindrical, glabrous, deep bluish; anterior filaments 10–12 mm long, bend towards upper lip, distinctly appendaged just above the base, appendage 3.5 mm long, straight, apex blunt, deep blue with numerous sessile glands; anthers 3.5–4.0 × 0.8–1.0 mm, deep bluish, bi-thecus, lobes equal, ovate-oblong, longitudinally splits open. Ovary 4–5 × 1–1.5 mm, oblong, slightly bend at apex, slightly grooved, glabrous except slightly scabrous bend apex, placed on a hypogynous disc; disc forming a complete ring at base of ovary, 1 × 2 mm, creamy white, glabrous; style filiform, 3.5–3.8 cm long, glabrous, having slight violet tinge; stigma bilamellate. Fruit 8–10 × 1–2 mm, oblong, shortly hairy at apex, completely included in the fruiting calyx. Seeds many, globose, 0.5 × 0.5 mm, yellowish, foveolate, bothrospermous.

Phenology:— Flowering and fruiting observed during July to December.

Distribution and habitat:— Endemic to Southern Peninsular India. It is located in Travancore and Tirunelveli hills of Southern Western Ghats, where it is widespread ( Fig.5 View FIGURE 5 ). It grows in moist soils in grasslands and sometimes in open areas of evergreen forests soon after monsoon.

Additional specimens examined:— INDIA. Kerala: Thiruvananthapuram District, Ponmudi hills, 8°76 ʹ 50.12 ʺ N 77°11 ʹ 48.09 ʺ E, 6 October 2014, Prasad 142328 (CALI) ; Thiruvananthapuram District, Way to Bonaccord , 7 October 2014, Prasad 142329 (CALI) ; Thiruvananthapuram District, Athirumalai , 7 October 2014, Prasad 142330 (CALI) ; Thiruvananthapuram District, Garden site, 25 May 1984, Mukundakumar 009 ( TBGT!) ; Thiruvananthapuram District, Athirumalai , 1000 m, 13 May 1988, Mohanan 9659 ( TBGT!) ; Ernakulam District, Iringole Kavu, 8 August 1993, Sarojini Menon 17639 ( TBGT!) Thiruvananthapuram District , Chemunji hills, 24 November 1998, Santhoshkumar & Suresh 39235 ( TBGT!) ; Thiruvananthapuram District, Athirumala , 1000 m, 17 October 1998, Mohanan 4492 ( TBGT!) ; Thiruvananthapuram District, Athirumala , 1000 m, 13 November 1991, Mohanan 10913 ( TBGT!) ; Thiruvananthapuram District, Manthuruthu , 9 December 1998, Sarijini Menon 38151 ( TBGT!) ; Thiruvananthapuram District, Mundakottackal , 1 July 1984, Samkutty Abraham 7757 ( TBGT!) ; Pathanamthitta District, Pathanamthitta , 500 ft, 11 August 1985, Anilkumar 30 ( TBGT!) ; Thiruvananthapuram District, Ponmudi , 13 November 1996, Ravi 31720 ( TBGT!) ; Thiruvananthapuram District, Athirumala , 1000 m, 22 December 1987, Mohanan 9140 ( TBGT!) ; Palakkad District, Silent Valley, Syranthree , 18 November 1993, Nazarudeen 18715 ( TBGT!) ; Thiruvananthapuram District, Chittar riverside, 18 August 1997, Maya 26089 ( TBGT!) ; Thrissur District, Athirappally , 27 June 1996, Pandurangan & Rajkumar 30626 ( TBGT!) ; Thiruvananthapuram District, Ponmudi, Near rest house, 975 m, 13 September 1977, Nair 50995 ( MH!) ; Thiruvananthapuram District, Ponmudi, Lower sanitorium, 925 m, 16 November 1977, Mohanan 25523 ( MH!) ; Thiruvananthapuram District, Ponmudi , 1000 m, 16 August 1980, Mohanan 69231 ( MH!) ; Thiruvananthapuram District, Kottur reserve forest, ± 175 m, 21 February 1979, Mohanan 59343 ( MH!) ; Thiruvananthapuram District, Pattom , June 1925, Ananthkrishnan 362 ( RHT!) ; Thiruvananthapuram District, Ponmudi , 19 September 1968, Matthew 9177 ( RHT!) ; Thiruvananthapuram District, Ponmudi , 20 September 1968, Matthew 9271 ( RHT!) ; Thiruvananthapuram District, Ponmudi , 12 November 1970, Matthew 12413 ( RHT!) ; Tamil Nadu: Tirunelveli District, Ambasamudram Taluk, Kannikketti-Kowthalaiar , Periya pillu mitai, 800 m, 2 January 1978, Matthew 15840 ( RHT!) .

TBGT

Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute

MH

Naturhistorisches Museum, Basel

RHT

St. Joseph's College

Kingdom

Plantae

Phylum

Tracheophyta

Class

Magnoliopsida

Order

Lamiales

Family

Linderniaceae

Genus

Torenia

Loc

Torenia travancorica Gamble (1923: 957)

Prasad, Mangavayal Govindan & Sunojkumar, Purayidathkandy 2015
2015
Loc

Torenia travancorica Gamble (1923: 957)

Gamble, J. S. 1923: )
1923
Loc

Torenia asiatica sensu Hooker (1884: 277)

Hooker, J. D. 1884: )
Linnaeus, C. 1753: 619
1884
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