Cheiracanthium duanbi Yu & Li, 2020

Zhang, Jianshuang, Yu, Hao & Li, Shuqiang, 2020, New cheiracanthiid spiders from Xishuangbanna rainforest, southwestern China (Araneae, Cheiracanthiidae), ZooKeys 940, pp. 51-77 : 51

Cheiracanthium duanbi Yu & Li sp. nov. Figures 3 , 4 , 7B , 8B , 9B , 10D-F

Holotype.

♂ (IZCAS-Ar 34743, YHCH030), China, Yunnan Province, Xishuangbanna, Mengla County, Menglun Town, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, G213 roadside, Anogeissus acuminata plantation, 21°53.748'N, 101°17.084'E, elevation ca. 620 m, 1.V.2019, Zhigang Chen leg. Paratype: 1♀ (IZCAS-Ar 34744, YHCH029), Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, 21°54.007'N, 101°16.395'E, elevation ca. 620 m, 10.V.2019, Zilong Bai leg.

Etymology.

The specific name is derived from the Chinese pinyin 'duǎn bì’, which means 'short dagger’, and refers to the dagger-shaped retrolateral tibial apophysis; noun in apposition.

Diagnosis.

The male of C. duanbi sp. nov. can be distinguished from all other Cheiracanthium species, except C. exquestitum ( Zhang and Yin 1999: 287, figs 8, 9), by having a distally wide cymbial spur, a spine-like median apophysis, and a beak-shaped conductor but can be distinguished from C. exquestitum by having: (1) the distal tip of the cymbial spur partly membranous and not forked (Figs 3A-C , 7B , 8B ); with a sclerotized and forked apex in C. exquestitum ; (2) the retrolateral tibial apophysis erect, like a short dagger, in retrolateral view (Figs 3C , 8B ), instead of sinuate and hook-shaped as in C. exquestitum ; (3) the median apophysis shorter (Figs 3B, C , 7B , 8B , 10D-F ). The females are similar to those of C. exquestitum ( Zhang and Yin 1999: 287, figs 10, 11), C. rehobothense Strand, 1915 ( Bayer 2014: 29, figs 8a-c, 9a, b), C. gratum Kulczyński, 1897 ( Merkens and Wunderlich 2000: 42, figs 6-9), and C. fulvotestaceum Simon, 1878 ( Hänggi and Stäubli 2012: 64, fig. 5) by the general shape of the atrium and vulva but can be distinguished by the copulatory ducts having three turns (vs. copulatory ducts with four turns in C. exquestitum , with two turns in C. rehobothense and C. gratum ) and by the larger atrium (lateral margin of atrium close to the receptacle in C. duanbi sp. nov. vs. distant from the receptacle in C. fulvotestaceum ).

Description.

Male. Holotype (Figs 4E, F ): TL 7.68; CL 3.64, CW 2.83, CI (CL/CW) 1.29; AL 4.01, AW 1.99. Carapace white, uniformly coloured, without any pattern. Eyes: in dorsal view, both anterior and posterior eye rows recurved, PER slightly wider than AER. All eyes dark, on tubercles. Eye sizes and interdistances: OAL 0.41, OAW 1.27; AME 0.18, ALE 0.20, PME 0.17, PLE 0.12; AME-AME 0.15, AME-ALE 0.22, PME-PME 0.28, PME-PLE 0.32; MOQA 0.51, MOQP 0.56, CLL 0.04. Chelicerae robust and coloured as carapace, both margins with two teeth. Sternum yellowish white, STL 1.87, STW 1.41. Labium and endites coloured as carapace. Legs white with greyish metatarsi and tarsi. Leg measurements: I 29.59 (7.23, 9.39, 9.69, 2.28), II 21.05 (5.77, 6.86, 6.58, 1.84), III 15.11 (3.81, 4.86, 5.08, 1.35), IV 20.96 (5.31, 6.81, 7.07, 1.77); LL/CL 8.13. Abdomen lanceolate, dorsally grey, lighter anteriorly, darker posteriorly; dorsum with a lengthwise white heart mark, 1/3 of opisthosoma length; venter greyish without any pattern.

Palp (Figs 3A-C , 7B , 8B , 9B , 10D-F ). Tibia relatively long, ca. 2/3 of cymbium length, with two apophyses: a short and sclerotized retrolateral one, ca. 1/2 of palpal tibia length, with wide base and narrow apex, dagger-shaped; and a small, round, thumb-like prolateral apophysis; cymbial spur approximately as long as tibia, distal tip wide and partly membranous; cymbial fold well-developed and clearly visible in ventral and retrolateral views for ca. 1/2 length of cymbium; tip of cymbium long, ca. 1/2 of cymbium length. Tegulum oval, 1.4 times longer than wide, surface wrinkled; median apophysis small and hyaline, spine-like; embolus filiform, arising at approximately 12 o’clock position, terminating at approximately 11 o’clock position, tip covered by conductor; conductor short, wide, beak-shaped, base covering embolic base, tip covering embolar apex.

Female. Distinctly larger and darker than male. Paratype (Figs 4G, H ): TL 10.32; CL 3.64, CW 2.79, CI (CL/CW) 1.30; AL 6.69, AW 4.20. Eye diameters and interdistances: OAL 53, OAW 1.46; AME 0.21, ALE 0.23, PME 0.18, PLE 0.17; AME-AME 0.12, AME-ALE 0.31, PME-PME 0.37, PME-PLE 0.41; MOQA 0.55, MOQP 0.74, CLL 0.06. PMT: RMT = 2:3. STL 1.79, STW 1.50. Legs yellowish brown, without distinct markings. Leg measurements: I 20.68 (5.27, 7.07, 6.06, 2.28), II 14.99 (4.25, 5.33, 4.00, 1.42), III 10.55 (2.91, 3.47, 2.97, 1.21), IV - (3.86, -, -, -); LL/CL 5.68.

Epigyne (Fig. 4A-D ). Atrium large, located at posterior portion of epigynal plate, with delimited margin anteriorly and laterally, length is almost equivalent to width; receptacles and copulatory ducts prominent through epigynal plate in ventral view; two copulatory openings located at basolateral atrial borders; transparent copulatory ducts coiled, with three turns (including two ascending coils and one descending coil); receptacles elongated and pyriform, ca. two times longer than wide, separated by 1.5 diameters.

Distribution.

Known only from the type locality, Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China.

Figures

Figure 3. Palp of Cheiracanthium daofeng sp. nov., male holotype. A Prolateral view B ventral view C retrolateral view. Abbreviations: C = conductor; CF = cymbial fold; CS = cymbial spur; E = embolus; EB = embolic base; MA = median apophysis; PTA = prolateral apophysis; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.

Figure 4. Cheiracanthium duanbi sp. nov., female paratype and male holotype. A epigyne, intact, ventral view B epigyne, cleared, ventral view C vulva, cleared, dorsal view D vulva, cleared and embedded in Arabic gum, dorsal view E male habitus, dorsal view F male habitus, lateral view G female habitus, dorsal view H female habitus, ventral view. Abbreviations: A = atrium; AAM = atrial anterior margin; CD = copulatory duct; CO = copulatory opening; FD = fertilization duct; R = receptacle. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A-D); 1 mm (E-H).

Figure 7. Cheiracanthium spp., left palp, ventral view. A C. daofeng sp. nov., male holotype B C. duanbi sp. nov., male holotype C C. gou sp. nov., male holotype. Abbreviations: C = conductor; CF = cymbial fold; CS = cymbial spur; E = embolus; EB = embolic base; MA = median apophysis; RTA = prolateral tibial apophysis; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.

Figure 8. Cheiracanthium spp., left palp, retrolateral view. A C. daofeng sp. nov., male holotype B C. duanbi sp. nov., male holotype C C. gou sp. nov., male holotype. Abbreviations: C = conductor; CF = cymbial fold; CS = cymbial spur; DTA = dorsal tibial apophysis; E = embolus; EB = embolic base; MA = median apophysis; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.

Figure 9. Cheiracanthium spp., left palp, dorsal view. A C. daofeng sp. nov., male holotype B C. duanbi sp. nov., male holotype C C. gou sp. nov., male holotype. Abbreviations: CF = cymbial fold; CS = cymbial spur; DTA = dorsal tibial apophysis; PTA = prolateral tibial apophysis; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.

Figure 10. Cheiracanthium spp., left bulb, prolateral view (A, D, G), ventral view (B, E, H), retrolateral view (C, F, I). A-C C. daofeng sp. nov. D-F C. duanbi sp. nov. G-I C. gou sp. nov. Abbreviations: C = conductor; E = embolus; EB = embolic base; MA = median apophysis. Scale bars: 0.2 mm.